Research Roadmap for the Future. National Grape and Wine Initiative March 2013

Transcription

1 Research Roadmap for the Future National Grape and Wine Initiative March 2013

2 Objective of Today s Meeting Our mission drives the roadmap Our Mission Drive research to maximize productivity, sustainability and competitiveness of the U.S. grape industries

3 Objective of Today s Meeting Strategic Execution of Big Ideas We define and pursue only the highest ranking priorities for the US grape industries Emphasis on strategic, fundamental research objectives that benefit the entire US grape industry Develop highly integrated research projects that no single grape industry sector can adequately address on its own Projects require multi-disciplinary, multi-institutional and multi-state approaches Ongoing industry involvement critical

4 NGWI Roadmap Drive research to maximize productivity, sustainability and competitiveness of the U.S. grape industries Genomics Gene identification and function Gene regulation Traditional breeding Molecular breeding Precision Agriculture Remote sensing Proximal sensors Automation Mechanization Big Data Resource Management Water Land Environment

5 NGWI Roadmap Drive research to maximize productivity, sustainability and competitiveness of the U.S. grape industries Genomics Gene identification and function Gene regulation Traditional breeding Molecular breeding Precision Agriculture Remote sensing Proximal sensors Automation Mechanization Big Data Resource Management Water Land Environment

6 Genotyping Sequencing the genes in grape DNA A G C T A G G T T C G A T C C A A G C T A G G T T C G A T C C A A G C T A G G T C G A T C C Requires large teams of scientists with specialized skills including genetics and bioinformatics Genotyping has become routine, but applications are limited due to the lack of associated phenotyping data

7 Phenotyping Allows genes to be linked with traits Phenotyping is the characterization of basic vine performance or horticultural traits Includes yield, fruit and wine quality and pest and disease resistance Requires many years of robust data collection and significant resources Rate limiting step to advancing grape genomics

8 Magic happens when we combine genotyping and phenotyping A G C T A G G T T C G A T C C A A G C T A G G T T C G A T C C A A G C T A G G T C G A T C C Genes for Color Genes for Yield Genes for Flavor Identify and characterize key genes of interest Marker assisted selection for traditional plant breeding Molecular breeding to improve existing varieties

9 NGWI Roadmap Drive research to maximize productivity, sustainability and competitiveness of the U.S. grape industries Genomics Gene identification and function Gene regulation Traditional breeding Molecular breeding Precision Agriculture Remote sensing Proximal sensors Automation Mechanization Big Data Resource Management Water Land Environment

10 Precision Agriculture in Agronomy Precision Agriculture in Agronomy

11 Vineyard of the Future Automated sensors measuring intrafield vineyard variability crop load, canopy size, irrigation requirements GIS technology uses this information to construct spatial maps of key parameters Variability maps used to spatially alter vineyard cultural practices

12 Mapping Soil Variability

13 Pre- or postplant maps of morphology, soil physical properties and soil nutrition are commonly used in viticulture

14 Block design Rootstock selection Variable vine spacing Irrigation design

15 Harvest Yield Monitor

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17 Real Time Crop Load Estimation Canopy Sensing Canopy Map Cluster Map 16

18 Real time crop load analysis Canopy image (NDVI) Crop load map Yield map 17

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26 NGWI Roadmap Drive research to maximize productivity, sustainability and competitiveness of the U.S. grape industries Genomics Gene identification and function Gene regulation Traditional breeding Molecular breeding Precision Agriculture Remote sensing Proximal sensors Automation Mechanization Big Data Resource Management Water Land Environment

27 Vineyard of the Future Remote sensing allows an integrated look at the vineyard Remote sensing and Big Data management Vegetation index and crop development (NDVI) Crop water status and irrigation management Crop nutrient status and fertilizer management Vineyard design

28 Water Management

29 Remote sensing data layers Actual Evapotranspiration (ETa) CIMIS Reference Evapotranspiration (ETO) Biomass Production (Bio) SEBAL Crop Coefficient (Kcs, ETa/ETo) SEBAL Crop Stress (Ks, ETa/ETp) Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI) 28

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31 NGWI Roadmap Drive research to maximize productivity, sustainability and competitiveness of the U.S. grape industries Genomics Gene identification and function Gene regulation Traditional breeding Molecular breeding Precision Agriculture Remote sensing Proximal sensors Automation Mechanization Big Data Resource Management Water Land Environment

32 Objective of Today s Meeting How do we get there? Land Grant and Private Universities NIFA ARS Other Government Agencies Horticulture Commodity Partners NGWI Grape Research Funding Service Providers Technology Providers Equipment Manufacturers International Collaborators