waves. A.2.3 Discuss the modes of vibration of strings and air in open and in closed
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1 IB Physics Parts A and D A1 The eye and sight A.1.1 Describe the basic structure of the human eye. A.1.2 State and explain the process of depth of vision and accommodation. A.1.3 State that the retina contains rods and cones, and describe the variation in density across the surface of the retina. A.1.4 Describe the function of the rods and of the cones in photopic and scotopic vision. A.1.5 Describe colour mixing of light by addition and subtraction. A.1.6 Discuss the effect of light and dark, and colour, on the perception of objects. A2 Standing (stationary) waves A.2.1 Describe the nature of standing (stationary) waves. A.2.2 Explain the formation of onedimensional standing waves. A.2.3 Discuss the modes of vibration of strings and air in open and in closed
2 pipes. A.2.4 Compare standing waves and travelling waves. A.2.5 Solve problems involving standing waves. A3 Doppler effect A.3.1 Describe what is meant by the Doppler effect. A.3.2 Explain the Doppler effect by reference to wavefront diagrams for movingdetector and movingsource situations. A.3.3 Apply the Doppler effect equations for sound. A.3.4 Solve problems on the Doppler effect for sound. A.3.5 Solve problems on the Doppler effect for electromagnetic waves using the approximation f = vc f. A.3.6 Outline an example in which the Doppler effect is used to measure speed. A4 Diffraction A.4.1 Sketch the variation with angle of diffraction of the relative intensity of light diffracted at a single slit.
3 A.4.2 Derive the formula θ=λ b for the position of the first minimum of the diffraction pattern produced at a single slit. A.4.3 Solve problems involving single-slit diffraction. A5 Resolution A.5.1 Sketch the variation with angle of diffraction of the relative intensity of light emitted by two point sources that has been diffracted at a single slit. A.5.2 State the Rayleigh criterion for images of two sources to be just resolved. A.5.3 Describe the significance of resolution in the development of devices such as CDs and DVDs, the electron microscope and radio telescopes. A.5.4 Solve problems involving resolution. A6 Polarization A.6.1 Describe what is meant by polarized light. A.6.2 Describe polarization by reflection. A.6.3 State and apply Brewster s law. A.6.4 Explain the terms polarizer and analyser.
4 A.6.5 Calculate the intensity of a transmitted beam of polarized light using Malus law. A.6.6 Describe what is meant by an optically active substance. A.6.7 Describe the use of polarization in the determination of the concentration of certain solutions. A.6.8 Outline qualitatively how polarization may be used in stress analysis. A.6.9 Outline qualitatively the action of liquid-crystal displays (LCDs). A.6.10 Solve problems involving the polarization of light. D1 Introduction to Relativity D.1.1 Describe what is meant by a frame of reference. D.1.2 Describe what is meant by a Galilean transformation. D.1.3 Solve problems involving relative velocities using the Galilean transformation equations. D2 Concepts and Postulates of Special relativity D.2.1 Describe what is meant by an inertial frame of reference.
5 D.2.2 State the two postulates of the special theory of relativity. D.2.3 Discuss the concept of simultaneity. D3 Realitivistic Kinematics D.3.1 Describe the concept of a light clock. D.3.2 Define proper time interval. D.3.3 Derive the time dilation formula. D.3.4 Sketch and annotate a graph showing the variation with relative velocity of the Lorentz factor. D.3.5 Solve problems involving time dilation. D.3.6 Define proper length. D.3.7 Describe the phenomenon of length contraction. D.3.8 Solve problems involving length contraction. D4 Particles and Interactions D.4.1 State what is meant by an elementary particle. D.4.2 Identify elementary particles. D.4.3 Describe particles in terms of mass and various quantum numbers. D.4.4 Classify particles according to spin. D.4.5 State what is meant
6 by an antiparticle. D.4.6 State the Pauli exclusion principle. D.4.7 List the fundamental interactions. D.4.8 Describe the fundamental interactions in terms of exchange particles. D.4.9 Discuss the uncertainty principle for time and energy in the context of particle creation. D.4.10 Describe what is meant by a Feynman diagram. D.4.11 Discuss how a Feynman diagram may be used to calculate probabilities for fundamental processes. D.4.12 Describe what is meant by virtual particles. D.4.13 Apply the formula for the range R for interactions involving the exchange of a particle. D.4.14 Describe pair annihilation and pair production through Feynman diagrams. D.4.15 Predict particle processes using Feynman diagrams. D5 Quarks D.5.1 List the six types of quark. D.5.2 State the content, in
7 terms of quarks and antiquarks, of hadrons (that it, baryons and mesons). D.5.3 State the quark content of the proton and the neutron. D.5.4 Define baryon number and apply the law of conservation of baryon number. D.5.5 Deduce the spin structure of hadrons (that is, baryons and mesons). D.5.6 Explain the need for colour in forming bound states of quarks. D.5.7 State the colour of quarks and gluons. D.5.8 Outline the concept of strangeness. D.5.9 Discuss quark confinement. D.5.10 Discuss the interaction that binds nucleons in terms of the colour force between quarks.
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