Name Rock and Mineral Review E-Science Date Midterm Review Science Department

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1 Name Rock and Mineral Review E-Science Date Midterm Review Science Department 1 Base your answer to the following question on the drawings of six sedimentary rocks labeled A through F. Most of the rocks shown were formed by 1) volcanic eruptions and crystallization 2) compaction and/or cementation 3) heat and pressure 4) melting and/or solidification 2 Which type of rock is most likely to contain fossils? 1) granite 2) gneiss 3) shale 4) metaconglomerate 3 Base your answer to the following question on the diagram below. 4 Igneous, sedimentary, and metamorphic rocks are usually composed of 1) intergrown crystals 2) fossils 3) minerals 4) sediments 5 Which mineral has a metallic luster, a black streak, and is an ore of iron? 1) galena 2) magnetite 3) pyroxene 4) graphite Which two processes formed this rock? 1) folding and faulting 2) melting and solidification 3) compaction and cementation 4) heating and application of pressure 6 Which mineral will scratch glass (hardness = 5.5), but not pyrite? 1) gypsum 2) fluorite 3) orthoclase 4) quartz

2 7 The profile below shows the average diameter of sediment that was sorted and deposited in specific areas A, B, C, and D by a stream entering an ocean. As compaction and cementation of these sediments eventually occur, which area will become siltstone? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 8 Base your answer to the following question on the photograph below. The photograph shows several broken samples of the same colorless mineral. 9 Which rock most likely formed as a result of biologic processes? 1) granite 2) basalt 3) sandstone 4) limestone 10 When granite melts and then solidifies, it becomes Which physical property of this mineral is most easily seen in the photograph? 1) fracture 2) hardness 3) streak 4) cleavage 1) a sedimentary rock 2) an igneous rock 3) a metamorphic rock 4) sediments 11 Compared to felsic igneous rocks, mafic igneous rocks contain greater amounts of 1) white quartz 2) aluminum 3) pink feldspar 4) iron

3 Rock and Mineral Review 12 The diagrams below represent fractured samples of four minerals. 14 Which object is the best model of the shape of a silicon-oxygen structural unit? 1) 2) Which mineral property is best illustrated by the samples? 3) 1) hardness 2) streak 4) 3) cleavage 4) density 13 The diagram below shows a broken crystal of the mineral halite The shape of the halite crystal is a direct result of the 1) internal arrangement of the atoms in the crystal 2) emperature at which the crystal formed 3) type of surface on which the crystal formed 4) stream erosion that changed the crystal 15 The photograph below shows an igneous rock. What is the origin and rate of formation of this rock? 1) plutonic with slow cooling 2) plutonic with rapid cooling 3) volcanic with slow cooling 4) volcanic with rapid cooling

4 16 The diagrams below represent four rock samples. Which rock was formed by rapid cooling in a volcanic lava flow? [The diagrams are not to scale.] 1) 18 The picture below shows the igneous rock obsidian. 2) The obsidian's glassy texture indicates that it formed from a magma that cooled 3) 4) 1) slowly, deep below Earth's surface 2) slowly, on Earth's surface 3) quickly, deep below Earth's surface 4) quickly, on Earth's surface 19 Which granite sample most likely formed from magma that cooled and solidified at the slowest rate? 1) 17 The rock shown below has a foliated texture and contains the minerals amphibole, quartz, and feldspar arranged in coarse-grained bands. 2) 3) Which rock is shown? 1) slate 2) dunite 3) gneiss 4) quartzite 4)

5 Base your answer to questions 20 and 21 on the diagrams below which represents the same rock material at five stages of development. The graph below shows the temperature and depth of burial at which stages A through D develop Stage E has intentionally been omitted from the graph. 20 In the simple rock-cycle diagram, which processes along path X would change the schist (stage C) directly into a pile of sediments (stage A)? 1) uplift, weathering, and erosion of the schist 2) cementing of sediment grains followed by compaction 3) melting of the schist followed by cooling 4) heat and/or pressure applied to the schist

6 21 Which graph correctly shows where magma would begin to crystallize into granite (stage E)? 1) 3) 2) 4) 22 Base your answer to the following question on the geologic cross section below. Location A is within the metamorphic rock. The metamorphic rock at location A is most likely 1) marble 2) quartzite 3) phyllite 4) slate

7 23 The diagram below shows four rock samples. Which sample best shows the physical properties normally associated with regional metamorphism? 1) A 2) B 3) C 4) D 24 The cartoon below presents a humorous look at history. 25 The geologic cross section below shows limestone that was intruded. Part of the limestone (zone A) was heated intensely but was not melted. Which type of rock most likely formed in zone A? 1) gneiss 2) slate 3) marble 4) obsidian What kind of rocks does the complaining rock collector want? 1) felsic volcanic rocks 2) clastic sedimentary rocks 3) inorganic sedimentary rocks 4) regionally metamorphosed rocks

8 Answer Key Rocks and Minerals Review