Unit 7 Lesson 1 Geography and the Rise of Rome

Transcription

1 Unit 7 Lesson 1 Geography and the Rise of Rome

2 Lesson 1 Geography and the Rise of Rome Fill in the Blank 1. Because Italy is surrounded by, the Romans could travel easily by sea to other parts of the world. (island/water) 2. looks like a high-heeled boot sticking out into the Mediterranean Sea. (Greece/Italy) 3. Many historians believe that the Romans learned their and numbers from the Etruscans. (religion/alphabet) 4. The government the Romans created in 509 BC was a. (republic/forum) 5. During particularly difficult wars, the Romans chose rulers with absolute power called. (presidents/dictators) 6. The noble or more powerful citizens of Rome were called. (tribunes/patricians) 7. In 494 BC the peasants, craftspeople and traders of Rome formed a and elected their own officials. (tribe/council) 8. The cost of 3 amphorae of wine is $6.75. How many amphorae can Petrus buy with $20.25?

3 Generalization: Different groups often contribute to the development of a culture. Big Idea Rome s location and government helped it become a major power in the ancient world

4 - identify What mountain ranges are in Italy and where are they located? The Alps in the north, the Apennines along the length of the Italian Peninsula - explain how is a republic different from a monarchy? A monarchy is ruled by a king or queen; a republic is governed by elected leaders contrasting How were patricians and plebeians different? Patricians were nobles who could be elected to office; plebeians were peasants, craftspeople, traders and other workers who at first were not able to be in government

5 - The modern country of Italy lies on the Italian Peninsula - two major mountain ranges - Alps in the north - Apennines runs the length of the Italian Peninsula - some mountains are volcanic - Several rivers - Tiber - Po - Climate - warm, dry summers - mild, rainy winters - elaborate how did Romans take advantage of Italy s physical geography? They used hills for defense and captured the fresh water flowing down from mountains - predict how do you think Rome s location on the Mediterranean affected its history as it began to grow into a world power? Its location in the middle of the Mediterranean region made it easy for Rome to control surrounding areas. draw conclusions How did Rome s location affect its early history? It determined where Romans settled and what food they could grow

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7 The Origins of Rome Romulus and Remus

8 Rome s Earliest History and Stories - no written records exist from the beginnings of Rome - area occupied by the 800s BC - early leaders made up stories to explain their origins - Aeneas - Hero of the Trojan War - he and his followers fled Troy after the war - recorded in the Aeneid - arrived in Italy and allied with the Latins - married the daughter of the Latin King - descendants became rulers of Italy - Romulus and Remus among them What do these stories tell us about how the Romans saw themselves? What did they fell was important as a culture?

9 Rome s Early Kings - according to ancient history - Romulus was the first king crowned 753 BC - followed by 7 more kings - last 3 were Etruscans - last king so cruel that the Latins overthrew him in 509 BC - would have no more kings

10 A New Government BC, Latins created a new government a republic - people elected leaders to govern them - officials were elected to rule the city - served only one year - not a democracy - all leaders came from small group of men - wealthy and powerful - commoners had no say in the government

11 Challenges from Outside - began to fight with the people around them - won most, but still lost a few causing damage - in these times, Roman people choose dictators to rule them - had almost absolute power, but could only rule for 6 months - Cincinnatus most famous dictator - farmer who took power in 458 BC - defeated the enemy and then stepped down and returned to his farm

12 Challenges within Rome - Rome was divided into two social classes

13 Patricians - powerful noble families - only ones who could hold elected office all political power

14 Plebeians - everybody else - most of the population - wanted more say in the government BC, formed a council and elected their own officials - this action frightened the patricians - made changes to avert conflict