Space Technologies for UV in the Regional Project STEPS Maria Antonietta Perino Thales Alenia Space Italia, Turin, Italy

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1 Template reference : K-EN Space Technologies for UV in the Regional Project STEPS Maria Antonietta Perino Thales Alenia Space Italia, Turin, Italy The Future of Aerospace Unmanned Vehicles & Systems, Turin, 27 October 2011 All rights reserved, 2/26/2011, Thales Alenia Space

2 REGIONE PIEMONTE & AEROSPACE Synergies between the Comitato Distretto Aerospaziale del Piemonte and the European Regional Development Fund (ERDF) have enabled Regione Piemonte to design and fund the initiative Piattaforma Aerospazio for accelerating the innovation of aerospace technology within the Region and reassuring its worldwide excellence. The Piattaforma Aerospazio commands the concentration and integration of resources on three comprehensive projects of high relevance and competitive edge potential for the local aerospace technology network UAV based System for civil Land Monitoring (SMAT F1) Green Engine for Air Traffic 2020 (GREAT 2020) Systems & Technologies for Space Exploration (STEPS) European Regional Development Funds Macro-projects UAV Systems for civil land monitoring (SMAT F1) Green Aeronautical Engine technologies (GREAT 2020) Systems & technologies for Space Exploration (STEPS) Global market opportunities System Primes, SMEs, Academy and Research System

3 STEPS STEPS is a joint development of technologies and systems for Space Exploration by a consortium led by Thales Alenia Space and including Politecnico di Torino, Università di Torino, Università del Piemonte Orientale, ALTEC and 23 SMEs based in the region TAS-Italia Politecnico di Torino Università di Torino Università del Piemonte Orientale ALTEC S.p.A. AMET S.r.l. APR S.r.l. Auconel S.r.l. BLUE Engineering S.r.l. Carcerano S.p.A. ERXA S.r.l. EXEMPLAR S.r.l. HYSYTECH S.r.l. Imex.A INRIM Nekhem S.r.l. Neohm Componenti S.r.l. Nimbus S.r.l. OPTIMAD Engineering S.r.l. SEAC02 S.r.l. SICME Motori S.r.l. Skytechnology S.r.l. S.P.A.I.C. S.r.l. SPESSO GASKETS S.r.l. S.R.S. Engineering Design S.r.l. SynArea Consultants S.r.l. Tecnikabel S.r.l. TEORESI S.r.l. TESEO S.p.A.

4 STEPS Technologies Virtual Reality Infrastructures Concurrent/Collaborative Design Fault Diagnostics Multidisciplinary Optimization Man-machine Interfaces Navigation and Guidance Vision and Terrain Reconnaissance Aerothermodynamics Rigid and Inflatable Structures Pressurized Structures Energy Management Landing/Ascent Vehicles Environmental Control Locomotion and Mechanisms

5 Vision-based GNC for Mars Entry, Descent & Landing & Autonomous Rover Navigation Entry Descent Landing: By means of camera the landing site is identified in a safe way and the Lander trajectory is continuously updated using the camera information: velocity, position and hazard map Autonomous Rover Navigation: By means of stereo camera is possible to determine the terrain morphology. On the basis of these data the rover guide is continuously updated. This constitutes the first step toward autonomous rover mission 5

6 Mobility, Rendezvous & Docking and Environment Protection Three different research fields have been deeply investigated to solve some of the issues identified in previous studies: Surface Mobility: development of an electric motor-wheel to be utilized on a Lunar Pressurized Rover, capable to sustain the lunar peculiar rugged terrain and assuring enhanced performances (i.e. in terms of exploration range and velocity) and a good level of reliability System Protection Solutions: development of both a dust removal and an enhanced radiation protection systems to protect both astronauts and equipments from the lunar environment during a future surface exploration campaign Rendezvous & Docking: Development of both a Rendezvous & Docking mechanism and a 2D test facility for validating on ground the whole technology on 3 degrees-of-freedom condition.

7 Innovative Structures The future space exploration scenarios foresee a progressively adoption of new materials, inflatable systems and smart solutions to be implemented for the new spacecrafts design, issuing inspiring technological challenges for structural engineers and designers Inflatable systems: can provide great benefit for the onorbit phases of manned mission combining lightness, strength and reduced volumes at launch Smart & Multifunction Structures: including functions as avionics, thermal control and health monitoring. Active Shock Absorbers: to safely land heavy payloads on planets surface, coupling the safe landing capability with balance restoring and eventual walking functions

8 Composite Materials Modelling and Structural Health Monitoring & Control The increasing use of composite materials in space industry highlights the need to better foresee their behaviour and to monitor their state during operative life. The objective is to perform a critical composites fracture mechanics analysis and a detailed evaluation of the best technologies suitable for analyzing and monitoring the composite structures. A new methodology for analysing fracture mechanics on multi-layer structures has been developed and specific tests for its validation has been performed leading to promising results.

9 Environment Design and development of an Air Filtering Prototype Provide Guidelines for the Protection of critical systems and crew from the Moon radiation environment Martian & Moon soil simulants Set up of area and instrumentation to verify STEPS prototypes in an appropriate aggressive environment 20 µm

10 Ablative Materials & Aerothermodynamics Development of innovative highperformance, low-weight composite ablator Development and validation of numerical tool for thermo-mechanical analyses of ablative TPS shields Development of an integrated methodology for shape optimization of ablative TPS shields Production and experimental / analytical characterization of micro- and nano-sized particles charged composite compositions, and final selection of an advanced composite material as core of ablative TPS for Mars entry missions Development of an integrated code simulating the material behavior during atmosphere entry conditions and shape optimization of ablative TPS shields

11 Energy Management Energy management (production, storage, distribution and utilization) is a key enabling technology of any exploration mission scenario. The STEPS research in this field has been based on regenerative fuel cells for space exploration systems The performed research activities focus on the definition of Regenerative Fuel Cell System (RFCS) including: Proton Exchange Membrane (PEM) fuel cell Electrolyser for regenerating oxygen and hydrogen Gas Storage Thermal control system Water management Pow er S ource ( PV ) A demonstration and test technological area has been realized to prove the capability of achieving a RFCS with a complete closed loop Electrolyser H 2 O 2 H 2 O Fuel Cell Load (Rover)

12 Commercial Transportation Systems & Technologies New commercial approach started by Institutions as NASA and industry require also an adaptation of the development philosophy with impacts on design solutions (both architectures and technologies adoption). Three main system architectures and associated selected critical technologies have been investigated: Commercial Human Transportation Vehicle (CHTV) to/from LEO/ISS Lander for Lunar Surface exploration Technologies for Habitation Elements (e.g. regenerative life support and biomedical support) Another objective of this research is the involvement of specific technological solutions, e.g. for Atmospheric Reentry Vehicles and Landers: realization of samples characterization tests of different ablative materials correlation of data with results obtained by numerical simulations of thermo ablative phenomenon. The thermo-ablative numerical analysis combined with the aerodynamic and aero-thermal analysis to implement a methodology for multidisciplinary optimization of the vehicle design

13 Human-machine Interface for a Predictive Command and Control System The presence of humans in future Exploration missions will increase the possibility of discovering or solving unexpected situations related to the operability or autonomy of spacecrafts/robots The specific target functions and technologies are: Provide specific interfaces for human-machine interaction (including augmented reality - AR) Define the proper artificial intelligence architecture for robotic system sliding autonomy levels depending on the operation/collaboration needs and prediction capabilities

14 Novel Design & Development Tools Among the main objectives of STEPS there is the development of an international excellence Centre for the Collaborative Engineering and Virtual Prototyping of complex space systems permitting the synergy of all stakeholders along each phase of the product development. This activity aims at defining, prototype and validating an infrastructure and related process, able to support design activities during all project phases

15 Physical Demonstrators The results of the technology development are applied to realize 2 physical demonstrators: A Pressurized Rover for Moon and/or Mars A Lander Demonstrator for Vision and GNC Lander Demonstrator Pressurized Rover Demonstrator

16 STEPS 2 Some technologies have been proposed for STEPS 2 given their strategic relevance for future Exploration Missions and short /medium term validation opportunities in space including: Precision Landing Surface Navigation Smart Skin Landing Legs Regenerative Fuel Cells RVD & Mechanisms Inflatable and Environmental Protection Ablative/aerothermodynamics Health Management Systems/ Ultralight Structures

17 STEPS Benefits The proposed research and technological streamlines show a high strategic potential in the international collaboration context of Moon and Mars Exploration Increase of job request in High Tech sectors (more than 1500 man/months requested in 3 year activity) Increase of competitiveness in the Regional Productive System promoting SMEs involvement in the space sector Consolidation of the District s technological excellences with advanced technologic spin-offs in other market sectors Consolidation of the collaborations between Politecnico and local Universities with the research institutes and large and small industries Transfer Technology between large industries and universities towards the SMEs Evidence of Piedmont entrepreneurial and research capabilities both at National and International level Promotion of general public engagement and young generation education in space exploration development Engagement of students, researchers, and sponsors

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