Wallingford Public Schools - HIGH SCHOOL COURSE OUTLINE

Transcription

1 Wallingford Public Schools - HIGH SCHOOL COURSE OUTLINE Course Title: Applied Chemistry Course Number: G 2614 Department: Science Grade(s): Level(s): General Credit: 1 Course Description This is a general survey course focusing on the practical application of chemical concepts and theories to industry, technology, and everyday life. Numerous lab exercises and experiments enhance the classroom materials while providing hands-on experiences for the student. Required Instructional Materials Chemistry: Visualizing Matter, Holt, Teacher resources for selected texts Current and sufficient laboratory instrumentation for each of the learning strands Appropriate safety equipment goggles, aprons, eyewash, safety shower, etc. Wall-sized Periodic Table Information technologies internet and library resources Completion/Revision Date Revisions Approved by Board of Education June 14, 2004 Revised November Mission Statement of the Curriculum Management Team The mission statement of the Science Curriculum Management Team is to promote scientific literacy emphasizing the process, content, and interdisciplinary nature of science. Enduring Understandings for the Course Inquiry is the integration of process skills, the application of scientific content and critical thinking to solve problems. Science is the method of observation and investigation used to understand our world. Matter can be described, organized, and classified for understanding. The law of conservation of matter describes how matter behaves. The periodic table is a tool that can be used to predict properties of elements and how these elements will react with each other. Elements on the periodic table have many applications including those in the medical field to help diagnose and treat ailments/disorders. Elements on the periodic table can be found in different combinations and quantities, forming all the different substances on earth. While some acids and bases are harmful, some are biologically important. The science behind acids and bases can help describe things such as body and environmental chemistry. Applied Chemistry - Page 1 of 9

2 Advances in chemistry have personal. societal, and environmental costs and benefits. Polymers are organic compounds composed of carbon chains that can be systematically modified or recycled into other materials. The environment is a complex assemblage of interacting and evolving chemical processes. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules. Applied Chemistry - Page 2 of 9

3 1.0 Scientific Reasoning and Communication Skills NOTE: This learning strand should be taught through the integration of the other learning strands. This learning strand is not meant to be taught in isolation as a separate unit. Inquiry is the integration of process skills, the application of scientific content and critical thinking to solve problems. Science is the method of observation and investigation used to understand our world. LEARNING OBJECTIVES The student will: 1.1 Generate scientific questions to be investigated. 1.2 Apply appropriate instruments needed to collect data precisely. 1.3 Analyze experimental design and data so as to question validity, identify variables, and improve experimental design. 1.4 Develop conclusions based on critical data analysis identifying further investigations and/or questions based on the results. 1.5 Organize data in tables and graphs. 1.6 Utilize graphs in order to determine patterns and make predictions. 1.7 Apply computer-based tools to present and research information. 1.8 Gather information using a variety of print and non-print sources. 1.9 Support scientific arguments using a variety of print and non-print sources Present scientific information orally Present scientific information in an expository format so that it adheres to standard forms of grammar and mechanics. Sufficient laboratory instrumentation Performance tasks Open-ended labs Inquiry Modeling Hands-on, minds-on lab activities See other learning strands for integration Lab reports Open-ended questions Teacher observations Essays and/or compositions Research based projects See other learning strands for integration Applied Chemistry - Page 3 of 9

4 2.0 Matter Matter can be described, organized, and classified for understanding. The law of conservation of matter describes how matter behaves. 2.1 Differentiate between elements, compounds and mixtures. 2.2 Describe the states of matter (molecular arrangement and speed, volume, shape). 2.3 Relate Kinetic Molecular Theory to states of matter. 2.4 Apply the law of conservation of matter and energy to chemical reactions. 2.5 Differentiate between physical and chemical changes. 2.6 Utilize multi-step separation techniques to remove pollutants from water. Hot plate, thermometers, beakers, test tubes, balances, various elements and compounds, ziploc baggies Calculators Density kit Discovery Channel The Elements Dirty water garlic, sodium chloride, used coffee grounds, oil, filter paper, funnel, charcoal, distillation kit Ink Artificial urine, ph paper, test tubes, Benedict s solution, Biuret solution, graduated cylinders, hot water bath Lecture Laboratory investigations (conservation of matter in baggie, forgery, urinalysis) Inquiry activities (difference between elements, compounds, mixture, physical and chemical change, separation of dirty water) Video (physical/chemical changes, elements/compounds) Illustrate and/or model states of matter on molecular level Illustrate and/or model states of matter on molecular level Applied Chemistry - Page 4 of 9

5 3.0 Atomic Theory The periodic table is a tool that can be used to predict properties of elements and how these elements will react with each other. Elements on the periodic table have many applications including those in the medical field to help diagnose and treat ailments/disorders. 3.1 Describe the organization of the modern periodic table. 3.2 Predict the behavior of elements using the periodic table. 3.3 Compare and contrast metals and nonmetals. 3.4 Diagram the structure of the first 20 elements using the Bohr/Rutherford and Lewis structures. 3.5 Differentiate between ionic and covalent bonding. 3.6 Relate various medical procedures (radiation therapy, chemotherapy, isotope) to the properties of the elements. Spectroscopes/prism glasses, Bunsen burners, nichrome loops, various salts, bright line spectrum chart Gas tube kit Conductivity meter, various solutions containing dissolved ionic and covalent compounds Colored pencils/crayons Evaporation dish, ring stands Laboratory activities (flame test, conductivity testing, formation of an ionic compound) Demonstrations (gas tubes) Videos (periodic table, bonding, radiation) Lecture Illustrate Bohr/Rutherford and Lewis structures Research and report on current medical procedures and elements Create, label, and personalize individual periodic table Graphic organizers such as Venn diagrams Illustrate Bohr/Rutherford and Lewis structures Rubric for debate of medical procedures Applied Chemistry - Page 5 of 9

6 4.0 Chemical Formulas and Chemical Reactions Elements on the periodic table can be found in different combinations and quantities, forming all the different substances on earth. 4.1 Construct chemical formulas for ionic and molecular compounds based on oxidation numbers. 4.2 Name ionic and molecular compounds. 4.3 Write balanced chemical equations. 4.4 Distinguish between single/double replacement, decomposition, synthesis, and combustion reactions. 4.5 Predict the products of a chemical reaction using the five reactions types. 4.6 Use evidence to determine if a chemical reaction has occurred (heat, light, etc). 4.7 Analyze the effect of combustion on the environment. Bunsen burner, ring stands, test tubes, beakers, graduated cylinders, balances, measuring spoons Molecular modeling kit Ziploc baggies, necessary chemicals Direct instruction (crossing over method) Laboratory activities (reaction types, what happened to the vinegar, hot/cold pack, golden pennies) Demonstrations (5 types of reactions) Video (covalent and ionic bonding) Practice problems Create molecular models using kit Research and report (effects of combustion on pollution locally and globally) Skit or model on types of reactions Rubrics for research/report Applied Chemistry - Page 6 of 9

7 5.0 Acids and Bases While some acids and bases are harmful, some are biologically important. The science behind acids and bases can help describe things such as body and environmental chemistry. 5.1 Compare and contrast acids and bases and their properties. 5.2 Relate the importance of buffers/neutralization to the human body and environment. 5.3 Determine, using indicators, the ph value of common household items. Ring stands, test tubes, droppers, acids and bases, ph indicators, well plates Examples of household acids and bases Lecture Laboratory activities (acids/bases, neutralization, reaction of metals with acids) Demonstrations (neutralization) Class discussions (pools, acid rain, soil chem., water chem., cosmetics, soaps, etc.) Graphic organizers (Venn diagrams and T charts) Video Practice problems Report (acid rain) Rubric for report Applied Chemistry - Page 7 of 9

8 6.0 Carbon and Polymers Advances in chemistry have personal, societal, and environmental costs and benefits. Polymers are organic compounds composed of carbon chains that can be systematically modified or recycled into other materials. 6.1 Distinguish between organic and inorganic compounds. 6.2 Draw the structural formula for a simple organic compound given the compounds name. 6.3 Explore how simple monomers are combined to create plastics (polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene). 6.4 Explain the properties and uses of common synthetic polymers such as polyethylene, polyvinyl chloride, polystyrene. 6.5 Relate the process of recycling to the numbers found on different plastics and its environmental importance. Nylon rope kit Rubber ball kit Wire screens, large metal pan Teflon tape Molecule building kit Laboratory activities (slimy and super polymers, recycled paper, Teflon tape, food composition) Demonstrations Video (recycling, plastics) Web quest on recycling Build molecular models Model how to draw them Summarize scientific articles Student presentations on recycling issues Applied Chemistry - Page 8 of 9

9 7.0 Gases The environment is a complex assemblage of interacting and evolving chemical processes. Temperature is a measure of the average kinetic energy of the molecules. 7.1 Describe the general properties of gases. 7.2 Relate changes in temperature and pressure to volume of gas (Boyle s and Charles Laws). 7.3 Apply the ideal gas law and combined gas law to solve mathematical problems. 7.4 Derive how air pollution is related to the quality of the atmosphere and the ozone layer. Vacuum pump, bell jar, marshmallow peeps, shaving cream, balloons Microscale gas chemistry kit with necessary chemicals Direct instruction Modeling Laboratory activities (generation of hydrogen, oxygen, carbon dioxide, flame test) Demonstrations (vacuum jar, potato gun, syringe for Boyles Law) Video (gas laws and ozone) Practice problems Research and report (ozone) Summarize current articles on pollution Rubric for report Applied Chemistry - Page 9 of 9