Transformer Oil Gas Analysis
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1 Get on the Analyzer FAST TRACK Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Helping customers protect the environment! 1
2 Why Analyzers Value to Customers Alleviates Resource Pressure Facilitates Configuration Use Advanced Technologies Optimized Performance Produce Results Sooner 2
3 Agilent Analyzer Concept Common Components w/o Analyzer Factory Configured with Chemical Testing Field Verification Customer CD App. optimized consumables System with application setup Familiarization Application report Std. HW, SW Customer s Responsibility Agilent s Analyzers Provide 3
4 The Value of Analyzers and Application Kits Reduce the time required for system deployment Order Placement Sample Ready Order Fulfillment Standard Installation & Familiarization Customer Method Development and Validation End User Configured Agilent Method Development Order Fulfillment Application Deployment Customer Method Optimization and Validation Application Kits Agilent Method Development Order Application Fulfillment checkout Analyzer Installation & Familiarization Customer Method Validation Agilent Analyzers Faster Application Startup with a Quality Method 4
5 Easy-to-Order New Analyzer Process: Repackaged 50 Analyzers G3445B G3445A Opt. 41x 42x 45x 46x 47x 48x 52x 54x Analyzer Description GC/MS/MS Analyzers GC/MS/MS Pesticide Analyzers (2 versions) GC/MS/MS PAH Analyzer GC/MSD/DRS Analyzers GC/MSD Pesticide DRS Screening Analyzers (2 versions) GC/MSD Environmental DRS Analyzers (2 versions) GC/MSD Toxicology DRS Analyzers (2 versions) HSS GCMSDFID Residual Solvents Analyzer GC Gas Analysis Analyzers GC Refinery Gas Analyzers (6 versions) GC Natural Gas Analyzers (7 versions) 56x GC Greenhouse Gas Analyzers (3 versions ) 57x 61x 63x 64x 65x 66x 68x TOGA Analyzer for use with HSS GC Gasoline, Fuel Analysis Analyzers Gasoline Analyzer (inl. Oxygenates, Aromatics, 7 versions) Biodiesel Analyzers (4 versions) CO & CO 2 Analyzer w Methanizer (2 versions) Sim Dis Analyzers (4 versions) S analysis with SCD Analyzer (2 versions) Residual Solvents GC-HSS analyzers (2 versions) With noticeable identification on GC 5
6 Analyzer Solutions Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Energy and Chemical Industry 6
7 Transformer Oil Gas Confirm Oil Integrity and Prevent Catastrophic Failure Transformer oil insulates and a cools internal components Exposure to electrical and thermal stress Affects long term stability With time chemical properties of oil change Aging, oxidation, vaporization, electrolytic action, and Decomposition results in gas formation Analyzing dissolved gases provides diagnostic information Current and future stability Helps determine timing for decommissioning 7
8 Transformer Oil Gas Confirm Oil Integrity and Prevent Catastrophic Failure Analyzers measure: H 2, N 2, O 2, CO, and CO 2 C 2 (ethane, ethylene, acetylene) C 3 (propane, propylene), C 4 (1-butene) 8
9 Reference Methods for TOGA Quantitation Ranges for Compounds of Interest ASTM D3612-A Component Minimum Detection Limits for Gases Dissolved in Oil, ppm ASTM D3612-C Compound Detection Limits, ppm (signal/noise = 3) H2 5 H2 0.6 Hydrocarbons 1 O2 11.0* CO2 25 N Atmospheric gases 50 CH CO 0.09 CO2 0.1 C2H C2H C2H C3H8 0.2 *Estimated from the H2 response. 9
10 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Automated sample handling with optional HSS sampler GC System, Column, c/o Sample G3445B Option #571 Option 210 FID with EPC Option 220 TCD with EPC G7697A Headspace Sampler Option 002 or 003 Fast Oven Option 311 and 312 Cryo Configured per ASTM D3612-C 10
11 Transformer Oil Gas Analyzer G3445B#571 Configuration: 1-valve/2-column/TCD/FID/ Methanizer/Headspace Sample type: Gas Compounds analyzed: H 2, O 2, N 2, CH 4, CO and CO 2, C 2 (ethane, ethylene, acetylene), C 3 (propane, propylene), C 4 (1-butene) Configured per method: ASTM D3612-C 11
12 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis G3445B#571 Chromatography Includes: 1-valve, 2-column, TCD, FID, Methanizer, Headspace 12
13 Transformer Oil Gas Analyzer G3445B#571 Key Benefits and Features Single channel with PLOT columns Use direct transfer line to column connection Trace levels of CO and CO 2 measured by conversion to CH 4 and detection with FID Ten (10) minute analysis time Improved precision through 7890 PCM backpressure regulation of headspace gas sampling valve loop 13
14 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Manual sample handing; self-extraction by customer G3440B 7890B GC System Option 102 Packed Inlet Option 210 FID with EPC Option 220 TCD with EPC Option 309 Pneum. Control Module Configured per: ASTM D3612-A 14
15 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Cont Manual sample handing; self-extraction by customer Option 307 Nickel Catalyst Tube Option 504 Gas Sampling Valve Option Pt Gas Sample Valve Option Pt Column Isol. Valve Option 752 Automate Two Valves Configured per: ASTM D3612-A 15
16 Transformer Oil Gas Analyzer Configuration: 2-valve/2-column/TCD/FID/Methanizer Sample type: Gas Compounds analyzed: H 2, O 2, N 2, CH 4, CO and CO 2, C 2 (ethane, ethylene, acetylene), C 3 (propane, propylene), C 4 (1-butene) Configured per method: ASTM D3612-A 16
17 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Chromatography Includes: 2-valve, 2-column, TCD, FID, Methanizer 17
18 Transformer Oil Gas Analyzer Key Benefits and Features Single channel with packed columns Trace levels of CO and CO 2 can be analyzed by conversion to CH 4 and detection with FID Fifteen (15) minute analysis time Includes macros for data reporting per ASTM D3612-A, requires Microsoft Excel 18
19 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Includes back-flush valve and methanizer by-pass G3440B 7890B GC System Option 210 FID with EPC Option 220 TCD with EPC Option 301 Aux EPC Option 305 Factory Plumbing for Gases Configured per: ASTM D3612-C 19
20 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Includes back-flush valve and methanizer by-pass Option 307 Nickel Catalyst Tube Option 504 Gas Sampling Valve Option Pt Gas Smpl Vlv (2x) Option Pt Column Isol. Valve Option 753 Automate Three Valves Option 872 Interface Column Also Order: G7697A Headspace Sampler 20
21 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Includes back-flush valve and methanizer by-pass Option 307 Nickel Catalyst Tube Option 504 Gas Sampling Valve Option Pt Gas Smpl Vlv (2x) Option Pt Column Isol. Valve Option 753 Automate Three Valves Configured per: ASTM D3612-C 21
22 Transformer Oil Gas Analyzer Configuration: 3-Valve/3-Column/TCD/FID/ Methanizer/Headspace Sample type: Gas Compounds analyzed: H 2, O 2, N 2, CH 4, CO and CO 2, C 2 (ethane, ethylene, acetylene), C 3 (propane, propylene), C 4 (1-butene) Configured per method: ASTM D3612-C 22
23 Transformer Oil Gas Analysis Chromatography Includes: 3-Valve/3-Column/TCD/FID/ Methanizer/Headspace 23
24 Transformer Oil Gas Analyzer Key Benefits and Features Trace levels of CO and CO 2 can be analyzed by conversion to CH 4 and detection with FID Backflush of C 4+ hydrocarbons present through pre-column to shorten analysis time Through additional valve switching C 2, C 3, C 4 hydrocarbons bypass nickel catalyst for FID detection Ten (10) minute analysis time 24
25 Why Analyzers? Benefit! Cutting Edge Technology Reduced Development Cost Install w/ Performance Verification Addresses Learning Curve Resource Allocation Faster Return on Capital Investment 25
26 Get on the Analyzer FAST TRACK Simultaneous Analysis of Greenhouse Gases by Gas Chromatography Helping customers protect the environment! 26
27 Background: Greenhouse Gases (GHG) Importance of GHG Analysis Comprised of Carbon dioxide (CO 2 ), methane (CH 4 ) and nitrous oxide (N 2 O) Presences traps heat in the atmosphere thereby affecting the earth s temperature. Fossil fuels consumption contributes to increasing concentration of GHG. Industry Regulation EPA and CEN have initiated programs to inventory GHG emissions through continuous measurement. Continuous measurement provides meaningful information to track trends and help in the fight against climate change. 27
28 Greenhouse Gas Analyzers SP1 G3554B Title Number Number Greenhouse Gas Analyzer with the Detection of 0.4 PPM to 20% Carbon Dioxide,0.2 PPM to 20% Methane, and down to 30 PPB Nitrous Oxide, expandable to include SF6, not HSS compatible G3445B#561 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer with the Detection of 0.4 PPM to 0.2% Carbon Dioxide,0.2 PPM to 20% Methane, and down to 30 PPB Nitrous Oxide, expandable to include SF6, HSS compatible Modified Greenhouse Gas Analyzer with Oxygen/Nitrogen Separation, not HSS compatible Modified Greenhouse Gas Analyzer with Headspace Interface Fast Greenhouse Gas Analyzer, setup for atmospheric air 28
29 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer (G3445B#561/ ) Typical Chromatogram 29
30 Chromatogram for Greenhouse Gases Standards ECD2 B, ECD2B, Back Signal (GREEN_N2OE_JULY283\GREEN_JULY22_GC \D D) Hz CH ppm v CO ppm v N2O 3.27ppm v N2O ECD N2: carry gas ArCH4, 2mL/min, make up pa FID1 A, FID1A, Front Signal (GREEN_N2OE_JULY283\GREEN_JULY22_GC \D D) CO2 FID/ methanizer N2: carry gas CH4 min min 30
31 Quantitative precision Repeatability for Greenhouse Gases Standards (n=21) Name Average (Area) STD DEV RSD% CH CO N2O Greenhouse gases standards concentration, ppm V CH4: 20.18, CO2: 376.4, N2O:3.27 Excellent quantitative precision 31
32 Multi-level Calibration for Greenhouse Gases Standards Using Dynamic Blending System Standards sample information Greenhouse gases standards are diluted for multi-level calibration by dynamic blending A re a N 2 O, E C D 2 B A re a = * A m t R e l. R e s % (1 ): N2O: ppm V 4 Concentration, ppm V 6000 Original 10 X diluting 20 X diluting 100X diluting CH CO N2O C o rre la tio n : A m o u n t[p p m ] C O 2, F ID 1 A A re a = * A m t C H 4, F ID 1 A A re a = * A m t A re a R e l. R e s % (1 ): A re a R e l. R e s % (1 ): CO2 : ppm V CH4 : ppm V C o rre la tio n : C o rre la tio n : A m o u n t[p p m ] 0 10 A m o u n t[p p m ] 32
33 Chromatogram for CH4, CO2 and N2O Standards with a 100-fold Dilution Hz pa CH4: 0.2 ppm CO2: 3.76 ppm ECD N2O: 32.7ppb N2: carrier gas Ar/CH4, 2mL/min, make up FID/ methanizer N2: carrier gas min min Excellent Sensitivity 33
34 Chromatogram of SF6 Standard at Approximately 0.5 ppb 34
35 Chromatogram of Real Sample (Laboratory Air) ECD2 B, ECD2B, Back Signal (AIR _JULY30\GREEN_JUN26_GC \D D) Hz N2O, 473ppb (calculated) ECD N2: carrier gas Ar/CH4, 2mL/min, make up SF6 Area: pa FID1 A, FID1A, Front Signal (AIR _JULY30\GREEN_JUN26_GC \D D) min FID/ methanizer CH4,2.7ppm (calculated) CO2, 380ppm (calculated) N2: carrier gas min 35
36 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer (G3445B#561/ ) Key Features and Benefits Simultaneous analysis of greenhouse gas with one injection HSS Compatible ppb sensitivity for N2O by ECD Expandable to include SF6 HSS Compatible Easy-to-use union based on CFT connects valves and μecd Improves chromatographic performance Better peak shape 36
37 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer ( ) Typical Chromatogram 37
38 CO CH CO N2O Chromatogram for Greenhouse Gases Standards Sample ECD2 B, ECD2B, Back Signal (GREEN_WHOL...N26_ARCH4_1M_JUN26\GREEN_JUN26_GC \D D) Hz CH ppm v CO ppm v N2O 3.27ppm v N2O ECD channel N2: carry gas ArCH4, 2ml/min, make up pa min FID1 A, FID1A, Front Signal (GREEN_WHOL...26_ARCH4_1M_JUN26\GREEN_JUN26_GC \D D) CO2 FID/ methanizer channel CH4 He: carry gas 0 25 µv min TCD3 C, TCD3C, Aux Signal (GREEN_WHOL...UN26_ARCH4_1M_JUN26\GREEN_JUN26_GC \D D) TCD : channel CO2 He: carry gas min 38
39 Quantitative precision for Greenhouse Gases Standards (n=20) Name Average (Area) STDVE RSD% CH CO2(FID) N2O CO2(TCD) Greenhouse gases standards concentration, ppm V CH4: 20.18, CO2: 376.4, N2O:3.27 Excellent Quantitative precision 39
40 Multi-level Calibration for Greenhouse Gases Standards Using Dynamic Blending System Standards sample information Greenhouse gases standards are diluted for multi-level calibration by dynamic blending A r e a N 2 O, E C D 2 B A r e a = * A m t R e l. R e s % ( 1 ) : N2O: ppm V 4 Concentration, ppm V 5000 Original 10 X diluting 20 X diluting 100X diluting CH CO N2O C o r r e l a t i o n : A m o u n t[p p m ] C O 2, F I D 1 A A r e a = * A m t C H 4, F I D 1 A A r e a = * A m t A r e a 2500 R e l. R e s % ( 1 ) : CO2 : V 4 A r e a R e l. R e s % ( 1 ) : CH4 : ppm V C o r r e l a t i o n : C o r r e l a t i o n : A m o u n t[p p m ] 0 10 A m o u n t[p p m ] 40
41 Greenhouse Gases Analyzer ( ) Key Features and Benefits Simultaneous analysis of greenhouse gas with one injection uses 2 separate channels with three detectors Achieve faster results Uses third TCD to expand concentration range for CO2 determinations ppb sensitivity for N2O by ECD Expandable to include SF6 Not HSS compatible Easy-to-use union based on CFT connects valves and μecd Improves chromatographic performance Better peak shape 41
42 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer ( ) Typical Chromatogram 42
43 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer ( ) Key Features and Benefits Simultaneous analysis of greenhouse gas with one injection TCD and FID connected in series to measure CH4 by FID and CO2 by TCD Simplified configuration (no Methanizer) for analysis of CO2 at concentrations > 50ppm Sensitivity of μecd ensures the detection of N2O at ppb level Not HSS Compatible Easy-to-use union based on CFT connects valves and μecd Improves chromatographic performance Better peak shape 43
44 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer ( ) Typical Chromatogram 44
45 Greenhouse Gases Analyzer ( ) Key Features and Benefits Simultaneous analysis of greenhouse gas with one injection Includes additional packed column to separate O2 and N2 in air Sensitivity of μecd ensures the detection of N2O at ppb level Not HSS compatible Easy-to-use union based on CFT connects valves and μecd Improves chromatographic performance Better peak shape 45
46 Greenhouse Gas Analyzer ( ) Typical Chromatogram 46
47 Selected Resources: Application Notes Publication EN Title Simultaneous Analysis of Greenhouse Gases by Gas Chromatography Application Note inventory under review for revision and development. 47
48 48
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