Improving Public Transport

Transcription

1 Urban Planning and Management- Improving Public Transport West and Central Sub-Regional Workshop on Better Air Quality Presented by Ing Magnus Lincoln Quarshie

2 Content of fpresentation Concepts of Cities Transport and Landuse Why the need for public transport What is Public Transport Anticipated Objectives Quality Factors Basic requirements Major Challenges PT Options BRT system

3 Concepts of fcitiesi Pi Primarily il a city is her people first and foremost How useful and beneficial is infrasturcture to a people in a city

4 Cities i have voices New York Stock Exchange Paris London Tourism Stock Exchange Rotterdam Port city Johannesburg Accra Tourism????? Lagos Abidjan??????????

5 The Word Public That which h is open to all Of or concerning the people as a whole (Collins concise English dictionary)

6 5000 years ago all city streets were pedestrian

7 Typical urban life in the past

8 Non-motor vehicles emerge

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10 Nh Nahum 24 2:4 The Chariots rage in the streets, they jostle one another in the broad roads They seem like torches

11 Europe European Urban culture is public space Public space signifies and guarantees public life. In the last half century urban space has eroded due to: Urban dispersal, privitisation of space, transport and everyday life

12 General principles i In making cities i work we need all three functions of public space: Meeting, Market, Movement Not just TRAFFIC To plan for public life requires restriction of cars in favour of walking and Cycling. There is the need to make room for PEOPLE

13 Inter-relationship relationship between land-use and transport Inter- relationship between activities Travel Demand -Infrastructure -Mode -Means Transport Needs Land-use Planning Trip generation Trip Distribution Modal Choice Modal Split

14 Transport and Landuse A good dbalance in Transport and landuse infrastructre is a characteristic of a a healthy people in a city.???// No dignified public space in most of cities New Delhi-Almost a 500M2 public space in the city, India Gate another park and so on.

15 Development philosophy h If Infrastructure should ldbe developed dwith ih people in mind, in a manner that integrates society, reduces crime and creates an egalitarian society no matter income differences

16 metabolism process enclaves & armatures machine city organic city kaneshie amamomo la(labadi) teshie nungua korle bu osu christiansbourg ga mashie korle gonno

17 The accra situation

18 PRIMARY GROWTH AREA SETTLEMENT DEVELOPMENT TYPES

19 BEFORE Example of concept in Amman,Jordan AFTER

20 shifting centers

21 shifting centers

22 incubator s nima abuja Soddom & gomorah

23 ablekuma anyaa awoshie gbawe malam oyarifa abokobi ashonman agboba kwabeny a dome ofankor the sprawl aplaku bortianor

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25 Accra before and Now

26 What has been happening Over the last 80 years Cities are being built for cars Total neglect for people

27 Cars are great. The problem is when we all use it simultaneously (Penalosa)

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29 Every day there are 10 million empty seats on the road (England) Source: Air quality and transport Department of environment, transport and the regions

30 Efficient i use of public space

31 What is Public Transport (1) Collective (Mass transit) -Transport for the people -Public Offer -Obligation to operate and transport -Published time tables and fares. Consequences -Fixed lines and fixed stops Access and egress

32 What is Public Transport (2) Individual id public transport t -Transport for the people -Public Offer -Sometimes no Obligation to operate and transport -Specific needs of customers. -Varying fares Consequences -Irregular stopping and often chaos

33 Anticipated i dobjectives Strategic: t To offer an alternative ti equivalent in quality to the car. Social: To offer travel possibilities for individuals id without t personal cars Commercial: To make a profit or minimize the loss.

34 Quality Factors Travel ltime Reliability Spatial Availability Availability in time Fare system and level Availability of information Comfort at the Stop and in the Bus

35 Basic Requirements User factors Quality, Price, Safety Operator factors Performance, Costs & Revenues Community factors Environment, Costeffectiveness, Social need

36 Mj Major Chll Challenges POLITICAL WILL Education and Awareness Responsive infrastructure Rolling Stock Time Table Integration of the Individual Public Transport Fare system Meeting the needs of the aged and School Children and Physically challenged

37 PT Options: Busways Sao Paolo Santiago Taipei Bangko k

38 PT Options: Light ail Transit Sapporo Cairo Frankfurt Viena

39 PT Options: Metro Santiago Manila Barcelona Bangkok

40 PT Options: BRT

41 PT Options Characteristic BUSWAY LRT METRO BRT Segregation At-grade At-grade Elevated Underground At-grade Required Space 2-4 lanes 2-3 lanes Little impact on 2-4 lanes Existing Road Existing Road Existing Road Existing Road Flexibility High Limited Low High Impact on Traffic Variable Variable Reduced Variable Congestion? Integration Simple Difficult Difficult Simple Level of Service (frequency, occupation) Fair Good Very Good (dense corridor) Good Sf Safety Low Good Very Good Good Emissions High Low Low High Medium Reliability Low Low (bunching) High Good Sources: Adapted by D. Hidalgo from Halcrow Fox, 2000 (3), L. Wright and K. Fjellstrom, 2003 (4), and V. Vuchic, 1992 (5)

42 PT Comparisons ur/directio on Pax/Ho 70,000 60,000 50, ,000 30, ,000 10, Initial Cost vs. Capacity Metro Elevated Km/h Metro Underground Km/h BRT Km/h LRT 20 Km/h Busway Km/h US$ MM/KM Source: Prepared by D. Hidalgo with data from Halcrow Fox, 2000 (3) (Busway, LRT and Metro) and L. Wright, 2002 (BRT) (4)

43 PT Comparisons Unit Costs (Initial and Life Cycle) 20 Km Corridor, 35,000 pax/hour-direction, 350,000 pax/day 2.40 years) US S$ Million (Present Val lue 12%, Do Nothing Busway LRT Metro BRT Initial Cost per Km Total Cost per Km Cost per Passenger Source: Appendix 1, Buses and Bus Infrastructure fully replaced in year 10, Initial Cost = Infrastructure+Buses

44 Bus Rapid Transit (BRT) Segregated lanes Safe and comfortable stops Quality buses (Rolling stock) Effective communication system Develop main and feeder routes Ticketing system Time tables

45 Population GAMA Population: 2.7 Million in 2000, over 5 Million by Pop. 3 Million

46 Passenger trips Accra In 2004,1.3 Million passenger trips/day enter or leave the Accra CBD, 1 Million use trotro or taxi In 2024, 3.04 million passenger trips/day enter or leave CBD

47 Congestion Travel Speed On Arterials in Kumasi &Accra Up to 70% Have Speed Lower Than 20 km/hr

48 Inefficient Use of Road Space Passengers carried 83,500 (inbound) Bus, 20% Bicycle, 0% Motor-cycle, 0% Trotro, 52% LDV, 4% Med Truck, 0% Heavy Truck, 0% Other, 0% Road space usage Trotro, 27% Bus, 10% Bicycle, 0% Motor-cycle, 1% LDV, 8% Med Truck, 2% Heavy Truck, 2% Other, 0% Car, 13% Taxi, 9% Car, 33% Taxi, 18% Cars carry less people but use more space! Trotro/Bus carry more people and use less space!!

49 Pollution 20%-55% of particles released to the atmosphere come from Transport Sector. (OECD 2001) Impact on health: Respiratory and Cardiac problems. Irritation to eyes and nausea Effects on nervous system

50 Public Transport at present Very Old Vehicles (17-18yrs on average) Low Maintenance Standards Poor Riding Quality Long Journey Time Walking, waiting, transfer & travel

51 Government s Initiative in Public Transport Set up MMT 654 buses nationwide Employing 2000 workers. Moving 3.3million passengers/month in selected urban areas.

52 Road Safety 67% of accidents occur in urban areas. Pedestrians especially children are victims. Accidents cost nation One Hundred Million Gh cedis. (NRSC)

53 Public Transport Introduce a High Capacity Bus System Segregated Bus Lanes Scheduled Services Pre Boarding Ticketing Route Licensing Public Sector Regulation Private Sector Operations Access for Vulnerable Users

54 Public Transport Benefits of a High Capacity Bus System Reduced Congestion (Travel Time) Reduced Pollution Reduced Accidents Reliable, Safe and Secured Services Improved Operational Efficiency Enhanced Use of Urban Space and leads to

55 Non Motorized Transport Require comprehensive coherent network Benefits -improves quality of life -Prevents air pollution -Encourages physical exercise -contributes to employment - Increases mobility and reduces travel costs.

56 Ahi Ashiaman Ud Underpass Now

57 Ahi Ashiaman Ud Underpass could ldbe

58 Hospital Road bypass now

59 Could ldbe this

60 Hospital road dbypass now

61 Could ldbe this

62 The struggle of Cyclists

63 Could ldbe better

64 Still Struggling

65 Could ldbe Better

66 Parking facilities i Parking at major Terminals Parking at stations

67 Bicycle Masterplan

68 A network of Walkways 06/08/2009

69 A clear disrespect for Human dignityi

70 06/08/2009

71 Some Best Practices in a similar economy

72 Some moving statements by some concerned people 06/08/2009

73 No matter how you define sustainability, cycling must be part of it Jack Short President European Conference of ministers of Transport 06/08/2009

74 Cycling should not be marginalize, it should be in the middle of things Jack Short President European Conference of ministers of Transport

75 To talk about integrated transport strategy and not talk about cycling clearly misses the point. Steven Norris Chairman National cycle strategy board 06/08/2009

76 We don t lack enthusiasm because we have it We don t lack money because we can raise it What we lack is technical knowledge in the UK Steven Norris Chairman National cycle strategy board 06/08/2009

77 Thank You