Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems

Transcription

1 Chapter Test A CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term or phrase that best answers each question Part B: Matching 1 Which defines a biological community? A all organisms living within a type of biome B all the interacting populations in an area C many interacting ecosystems in an area D the living and nonliving things in a region 2 Which is a characteristic of a savanna? A areas of thick forests B grasses with trees intermixed C layer of frozen soil D sand and rocky terrain 3 Where is the greatest percentage of Earth s freshwater? A glaciers B lakes C rivers D underground Matching Set 1 Write the letter of the correct forest biome on the line next to its description Answers may be used only once 1 contains the greatest variety of organisms A boreal forest 2 has deciduous trees and four distinct seasons B temperate forest 3 is dominated by coniferous trees such as spruce C tropical rain forest Matching Set 2 Write the letter of the correct ocean zone on the line next to its description Answers may be used only once 4 region with depth up to approximately 200 m A abyssal zone 5 the deepest ocean region B intertidal zone 6 includes habitats exposed to air C photic zone 96 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems CHAPTER 3 Unit 1

2 Name Date Chapter Test A Class CONTINUED!NNUAL 0RECIPITATION V 4EMPERATURE FOR 6ARIOUS "IOMES!NNUAL PRECIPITATION CM Part C: Interpreting Graphs 1 Study the graph to the right Interpret the range of annual rainfall for temperate rain forest biomes 2 Identify the lower limit of annual precipitation for a temperate forest RAIN 4EMPERATE RAIN SEASONAL 4EMPERATE "OREAL 7OODLAND SAVANNA 'RASSLAND 3HRUBLAND 4UNDRA $ESERT!VERAGE TEMPERATURE ª# UMBER OF STEELHEAD # # INTOLERANCE PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS A 4OLERANCE OF 4ROUT 'REATEST NUMBER OF STEELHEAD /PTIMUM ZONE B # # PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS INTOLERANCE C 3 Study the graph above Identify the zones labeled A, B, and C A B C Part D: Short Answer 1 Contrast primary and secondary ecological successions Unit 1 CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 97

3 Chapter Test A CONTINUED 2 Identify several factors that determine the climate of a region 3 Infer how oceans are essential to the survival of organisms living in the center of the continents Part E: Concept Application 1 A team of scuba divers is aboard a coast guard ship in the middle of Lake Michigan The team dives overboard and swims down to the bottom of the lake in search of a ship that has sunk during a storm Identify and describe the zones the scuba divers will pass through as they swim down to the ship 2 A community is debating the fate of the bogs and swamps surrounding their town Developers want to drain the area and build houses Ecologists want the swamps and bogs to remain undeveloped Formulate arguments the ecologists can use to argue their position 98 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems CHAPTER 3 Unit 1

4 Chapter Test B CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the number or phrase that best completes each statement or answers each question 1 Which would be the beginning of primary succession? A a woodland area growing from a grassland B lichen growing on cooled lava C new plant species growing in a flooded area D trees sprouting after a forest fire 2 The approximate percentage of Earth s freshwater contained in glaciers is A 3 percent B 31 percent C 69 percent D 98 percent 3 Which is a characteristic of the littoral zone of Lake Erie? A floating aquatic plants B free-floating autotrophs C low level of biodiversity D wide variety of fish species 4 Which zone has proven to be the most difficult for marine biologists to explore? A abyssal zone B aphotic zone C intertidal zone D photic zone 5 Which ocean zone would be most damaged by the construction of a new resort? A abyssal zone B aphotic zone C intertidal zone D photic zone Part B: Matching and Completion Matching Write the letter of the correct biome on the line next to its description Answers may be used only once or not at all 1 has a permafrost layer 2 dominated by spruce, fir, and pine trees 3 dominated by oak, maple, hickory, and beech trees 4 destination of an African safari tour 5 where the rate of evaporation exceeds the rate of precipitation 6 contains the greatest variety of tree species A boreal forest B desert C temperate forest D temperate grassland E tropical rain forest F tropical savanna G tundra Unit 1 CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 99

5 Name Date Chapter Test B Class CONTINUED Completion Write the correct term in the blank to complete each sentence below 7 Wolves preying on and reducing the deer population in a forest is an example of a(n) 8 The climates of Earth s tropical, temperate, and polar zones are primarily determined by 9 Biomes are primarily classified by their 10 The percentage of Earth s water that is considered freshwater is approximately!nnual 0RECIPITATION V 4EMPERATURE FOR 6ARIOUS "IOMES 1 Study the graph to the right Interpret the range of annual precipitation and the temperature range for a tundra biome 2 Biologists are surveying a biome with an average precipitation of 188 cm and an average temperature above 18 C Identify the biome they are surveying!nnual PRECIPITATION CM Part C: Interpreting Graphs RAIN 4EMPERATE RAIN SEASONAL 4EMPERATE "OREAL 7OODLAND SAVANNA 'RASSLAND 3HRUBLAND 4UNDRA $ESERT UMBER OF STEELHEAD # # 4OLERANCE OF 4ROUT 'REATEST NUMBER OF STEELHEAD #!VERAGE TEMPERATURE ª# # $ % #! " /PTIMUM ZONE 3 Study the graph above Identify the zones labeled A E A B 100 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems CHAPTER 3 Unit 1

6 Chapter Test B CONTINUED C D E Part D: Short Answer 1 Summarize all the components that would be found in a typical biological community within a temperate forest biome 2 Contrast weather and climate Part E: Concept Application 1 Several backpackers hiking up the tallest mountains in the Adirondack Mountains in New York plan to fish for trout in the high mountain lakes, but a local ranger informs them that trout do not live in the high peaks lakes Hypothesize why these mountain lakes have no trout Include the term oligotrophic lake in your discussion 2 Infer why an association of duck and geese hunters living in Pennsylvania would be interested in donating money to help the restoration process of the Florida Everglades Unit 1 CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 101

7 Chapter Test C CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems Part A: Multiple Choice In the space at the left, write the letter of the term, phrase, or sentence that best completes each statement or answers each question 1 Which explains why secondary succession generally occurs more rapidly in an area than does primary succession? A Average precipitation is higher B Moderate climatic conditions exist C Pioneer species are microscopic D Soil formation has already occurred 2 Conifer trees dominate boreal forests rather than tundra because of A a lack of permanently frozen soil B direct rays of light hitting the biome C mild climatic and weather conditions D the absence of better adapted trees 3 Which defines a biome as a desert? A a region of few or no trees B annual rainfall less than 10 cm/yr C area with no organic matter in soil D rate of evaporation higher than precipitation Part B: Completion 4 Which explains why few animal species live in a fast-flowing river? A Cold water lowers dissolved oxygen levels B Currents prevent accumulation of most organic matter C Few animals are adapted to withstand high-speed water D Frothing water reflects sunlight away from autotrophs 5 Which ecosystem has the greatest biodiversity? A bog B estuary C marsh D swamp 6 Which zone would support the greatest variety of coral reef ecosystems? A abyssal zone B aphotic zone C intertidal zone D photic zone Write the correct term in the blank to complete each sentence below 1 All the populations living in a pond would be an example of a(n) 2 Heavy precipitation, high winds, and a temperature of 15 C on a mountaintop is an example of 102 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems CHAPTER 3 Unit 1

8 Name Date Chapter Test C Class CONTINUED 3 Trees cannot take root in tundra biomes because of the existence of 4 Temperate forest plant life is dominated by 5 The terrestrial biome with the greatest biodiversity is a(n) 6 The location of the greatest percentage of liquid freshwater is Part C: Interpreting Graphs!NNUAL 0RECIPITATION V 4EMPERATURE FOR 6ARIOUS "IOMES!NNUAL PRECIPITATION CM 1 Study the graph to the right Compare and contrast the limiting factor(s) of tropical rain forest and tropical seasonal forest biomes UMBER OF STEELHEAD ª# ª# INTOLERANCE PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS "OREAL 7OODLAND SAVANNA 'RASSLAND 3HRUBLAND 4UNDRA $ESERT!VERAGE TEMPERATURE ª# 4OLERANCE OF 4ROUT 'REATEST NUMBER OF STEELHEAD /PTIMUM ZONE 4EMPERATE RAIN SEASONAL 4EMPERATE 2 Infer what the climate of a region would be like if it were transitioning from woodland grassland to savanna RAIN ª# ª# PHYSIOLOGICAL STRESS INTOLERANCE 3 Study the graph above Hypothesize the possible behaviors of a school of steelhead trout in water with a temperature of 10 C Unit 1 CHAPTER 3 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems 103

9 Chapter Test C CONTINUED Part D: Short Answer 1 Explain why there is a climatic difference between the cities of Anchorage, Alaska, and Kingston, Jamaica 2 Much of the world s original temperate grasslands have been destroyed by human activities Infer why temperate grassland biomes have been dramatically affected by human activities 3 Contrast the biodiversity found in the different lake zones Part E: Concept Application 1 The Gulf Stream is an ocean current of warm water that flows from the Caribbean Sea up the eastern coast of North America before crossing over to the British Isles The current brings warm water and air northward Scientists are concerned that global warming will cause polar ice to melt and form a cold water current that blocks the Gulf Stream Infer possible climatic effects resulting from substantial quantities of northern polar ice melting 2 Many mountains have a tree line, which is an imaginary line above which trees will not grow Hypothesize why some mountains have tree lines and what the trees at the tree line might look like 104 Communities, Biomes, and Ecosystems CHAPTER 3 Unit 1