Data Analytics and Business Intelligence (8696/8697)

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1 http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 1/34 Data Analytics and Business Intelligence (8696/8697) Introducing and Interacting with R [email protected] Chief Data Scientist Australian Taxation Office Adjunct Professor, Australian National University Adjunct Professor, University of Canberra Fellow, Institute of Analytics Professionals of Australia [email protected]

2 R Tool Suite http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 3/34 Overview 1 R Tool Suite 2 RStudio 3 Introduction to R 4 Knitting

3 R Tool Suite The Power of Free/Libre and Open Source Software http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 4/34 Tools Ubuntu GNU/Linux operating system Feature rich toolkit, up-to-date, easy to install, FLOSS RStudio Easy to use integrated development environment, FLOSS Powerful alternative is Emacs (Speaks Statistics), FLOSS R Statistical Software Language Extensive, powerful, thousands of contributors, FLOSS KnitR and L A TEX Produce beautiful documents, easily reproducible, FLOSS

4 R Tool Suite Ubuntu http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 5/34 Using Ubuntu Desktop Operating System (GNU/Linux) Replacing Windows and OSX The GNU Tool Suite based on Unix significant heritage Multiple specialised single task tools, working well together Compared to single application trying to do it all Powerful data processing from the command line: grep, awk, head, tail, wc, sed, perl, python, most, diff, make, paste, join, patch,... For interacting with R start up RStudio from the Dash

5 RStudio http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 6/34 Overview 1 R Tool Suite 2 RStudio 3 Introduction to R 4 Knitting

6 RStudio Interface http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 7/34 RStudio The Default Three Panels

7 RStudio Interface http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 8/34 RStudio With R Script File Editor Panel

8 Introduction to R http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 9/34 Overview 1 R Tool Suite 2 RStudio 3 Introduction to R 4 Knitting

9 Introduction to R Simple Plots http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 10/34 Scatterplot R Code Our first little bit of R code: Load a couple of packages into the R library library(rattle) # Provides the weather dataset library(ggplot2) # Provides the qplot() function Then produce a quick plot using qplot() ds <- weather qplot(mintemp, MaxTemp, data=ds) Your turn: give it a go.

10 Introduction to R Simple Plots Scatterplot Plot MinTemp MaxTemp http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 11/34

11 Introduction to R Simple Plots http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 12/34 Scatterplot RStudio

12 Introduction to R Installing Packages http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 13/34 Missing Packages Tools Install Packages...

13 Introduction to R Installing Packages http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 14/34 RStudio Installing ggplot2

14 Introduction to R RStudio Shortcuts http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 15/34 RStudio Keyboard Shortcuts These will become very useful! Editor: Ctrl-Enter will send the line of code to the R console Ctrl-2 will move the cursor to the Console Console: UpArrow will cycle through previous commands Ctrl-UpArrow will search previous commands Tab will complete function names and list the arguments Ctrl-1 will move the cursor to the Editor Your turn: try them out.

15 Introduction to R Basic R Commands http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 16/34 Basic R library(rattle) head(weather) # Load the weather dataset. # First 6 observations of the dataset. ## Date Location MinTemp MaxTemp Rainfall Evapora... ## Canberra ## Canberra ## Canberra str(weather) # Struncture of the variables in the dataset. ## 'data.frame': 366 obs. of 24 variables: ## $ Date : Date, format: " " " ## $ Location : Factor w/ 49 levels "Adelaide","Alba... ## $ MinTemp : num

16 Introduction to R Basic R Commands http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 17/34 Basic R summary(weather) # Univariate summary of the variables. ## Date Location MinTemp... ## Min. : Canberra :366 Min. : ## 1st Qu.: Adelaide : 0 1st Qu.: ## Median : Albany : 0 Median : ## Mean : Albury : 0 Mean : ## 3rd Qu.: AliceSprings : 0 3rd Qu.: ## Max. : BadgerysCreek: 0 Max. : ## (Other) : 0... ## Rainfall Evaporation Sunshine WindGust... ## Min. : 0.00 Min. : 0.20 Min. : 0.00 NW :... ## 1st Qu.: st Qu.: st Qu.: 5.95 NNW :... ## Median : 0.00 Median : 4.20 Median : 8.60 E :... ## Mean : 1.43 Mean : 4.52 Mean : 7.91 WNW :... ## 3rd Qu.: rd Qu.: rd Qu.:10.50 ENE :......

17 Introduction to R Visualising Data Visual Summaries Add A Little Colour qplot(humidity3pm, Pressure3pm, colour=raintomorrow, data=ds) Humidity3pm Pressure3pm RainTomorrow No Yes http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 18/34

18 Introduction to R Visualising Data Visual Summaries Careful with Categorics qplot(windgustdir, Pressure3pm, data=ds) N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW NA WindGustDir Pressure3pm http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 19/34

19 Introduction to R Visualising Data Visual Summaries Add A Little Jitter qplot(windgustdir, Pressure3pm, data=ds, geom="jitter") N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW NA WindGustDir Pressure3pm http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 20/34

20 Introduction to R Visualising Data Visual Summaries And Some Colour qplot(windgustdir, Pressure3pm, data=ds, colour=windgustdir, geom="jitter") N NNE NE ENE E ESE SE SSE S SSW SW WSW W WNW NW NNW NA WindGustDir Pressure3pm http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 21/34

21 Introduction to R http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 22/34 Help Getting Help Precede Command with?

22 Knitting http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 23/34 Overview 1 R Tool Suite 2 RStudio 3 Introduction to R 4 Knitting

23 Knitting Our First KnitR Document http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 24/34 Create a KnitR Document: New R Sweave

24 Knitting Our First KnitR Document http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 25/34 Setup KnitR We wish to use KnitR rather than the older Sweave processor In RStudio we can configure the options to use knitr: Select Tools Options Choose the Sweave group Choose knitr for Weave Rnw files using: The remaining defaults should be okay Click Apply and then OK

25 Knitting Our First KnitR Document http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 26/34 Simple KnitR Document Insert the following into your new KnitR document: \title{sample KnitR Document} \author{graham Williams} \maketitle \section*{my First Section} This is some text that is automatically typeset by the LaTeX processor to produce well formatted quality output as PDF. Your turn Click Compile PDF to view the result.

26 Knitting Our First KnitR Document http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 27/34 Simple KnitR Document

27 Knitting Our First KnitR Document http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 28/34 Simple KnitR Document Resulting PDF Result of Compile PDF

28 Knitting Including R Commands in KnitR http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 29/34 KnitR: Add R Commands R code can be used to generate results into the document: <<echo=false, message=false>>= library(rattle) # Provides the weather dataset library(ggplot2) # Provides the qplot() function ds <- weather qplot(mintemp, MaxTemp, Your turn Click Compile PDF to view the result.

29 Knitting Including R Commands in KnitR http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 30/34 KnitR Document With R Code

30 Knitting Including R Commands in KnitR http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, [email protected] 31/34 Simple KnitR Document PDF with Plot Result of Compile PDF

31 Knitting Basics Cheat Sheet http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 32/34 LaTeX Basics \subsection*{...} \subsubsection*{...} \textbf{...} \textit{...} \begin{itemize} \item... \item... \end{itemize} % Introduce a Sub Section % Introduce a Sub Sub Section % Bold font % Italic font % A bullet list Plus an extensive collection of other markup and capabilities.

32 Knitting Basics Cheat Sheet http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 33/34 KnitR Basics echo=false eval=true results="hide" fig.width=10 fig.height=8 # Do not display the R code # Evaluate the R code # Hide the results of the R commands # Extend figure width from 7 to 10 inches # Extend figure height from 7 to 8 inches out.width="0.8\\textwidth" out.height="0.5\\textheight" # Fit figure 80% page width # Fit figure 50% page height Plus an extensive collection of other options.

33 That Is All Folks Time For Questions http: // togaware. com Copyright 2014, 34/34 Thank You Question Time This document, sourced from IntroRL.Rnw revision 430, was processed by KnitR version 1.6 of and took 2.2 seconds to process. It was generated by gjw on nyx running Ubuntu LTS with Intel(R) Xeon(R) CPU 2.67GHz having 4 cores and 12.3GB of RAM. It completed the processing :16:46.