The Engineering of Sport
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1 PROCEEDINGS OF THE 1ST INTERNATIONAL CONFERENCE ON THE ENGINEERING OF SPORT/SHEFFIELD/UNITED KINGDOM/2-4 JULY 1996 The Engineering of Sport Edited by STEVE HAAKE The University of Sheffield, United Kingdom UNIVERSITATSBI3LIOTHEK HANNOVER TECHNISCHE INFORMATIONSBIBLIOTHEK A. A. B ALKEM A / ROTTERDAM / BROOKFIELD /1996
2 Table of contents The Engineering of Sport, Haake (ed.) 1996Balkema, Rotterdam. ISBN Preface IX 1 Aerodynamics Going faster, higher and longer in sport with CFD 3 R.K.Hanna Cricket ball swing: A preliminary analysis using computational fluid dynamics 11 J. M. T. Penrose, D. R. Hose &E.A. Trowbridge Effect of cyclist's posture and vicinity of another cyclist on aerodynamic drag 21 M.M.Zdravkovich, M.W.Ashcroft, SJ.Chisholm &N.Hicks 2 Biomechanics The effect of an exercise regime on Lumbar Spine Curve 31 M. Hossein Alizadeh & J. Standring Reliability of indices of anterior tibio-femoral ligamentous function in the normal 37 and anterior cruciate ligament-deficient knee N.Gleeson, D.Rees & S.Rakowski Musical expertise: The dynamic movement of the trombone slide 43 M. Kruger, M. hammers, L.J. Stoner, D.Allyn & R. Fuller Finite element analyses of additional stressing during (light) sporting events following 51 total hip arthoplasty S.P.G.Madabhushi, AS.Usmani, D.R.Fairbairn & M.Rajalakshmi The influence of body weight on ski jumping performance 63 W.Muller & T.T.J.DeVaney Comparison of the powers at the lower limb joints during walking at different velocities 71 and their significance for a possible optimal walking velocity W.Wang, R.H.Crompton, Y.Li & M.M.Gunther
3 3 Design The modem tennis racket 79 H.Brody The design optimisation of poles for pole vaulting 83 S. C. Burgess Shuttlecock design and development 91 AJ.Cooke Design and prototype manufacture of a composite bicycle frame 97 D.Katsanis & S.M.Grove The design and development of a shuttlecock hitting machine for training badminton players 103 at all levels of the game IE Morgan How to win the America's Cup: Optimum control of a yacht having an optimally designed 111 sail T.Sugimoto 4 Instrumentation Accuracy of kinematic data collection, filtering and numerical differentiation 119 P.Dabnichki, SAritan, M.Lauder & D.Tsirakos Measuring the longitudinal force during javelin release 125 SJwnicki, P.Dabnichki & SAritan Experimental study of the perception of body position in space 131 I.Kobenz, T.T.J.DeVaney, W.Miiller, W.Habermann &M.Samastur Instrumentation of the Concept II ergometer for optimization of the gesture of the rower 137 P.Pudlo, F.Barbier & J.CAngue Three-dimensional kinematic analysis of upper extremity in the soft-tennis forehand drive 141 L-H.Wang, H.-W.Wu, Y.-W.Chang, F.-C.Su & K.-C.Lo The mechanical analysis of kicking during physical effort 147 Z Waskiewicz 5 Materials in sport Developments of manufacturing of metal matrix composites for applications in the sports 153 and leisure industries M. B. Barker, A M. Davidson & D. Regener Materials in mountaineering equipment: A look at how processing and heat treatment 161 influences the structure and properties of aluminium alloy karibiners J.R.Blackford The effect of microstructure on the impact dynamics of a cricket bat 169 CGrant &S. A Nixon VI
4 Materials selection for sports equipment 175 U.G. KWegst & M. F.Ashby 6 Mechanics Mechanics and design of a windsurfer mast 187 A/. Barker & J. L. Wearing Friction coefficient of golf balls 193 W.Gobush A motion based virtual reality training simulator for bobsled drivers 195 R. K. Huffman & M. Hubbard Mechanics of the modern target archery bow and arrow 205 S. H.Joseph & S Stewart The fatigue life of nylon monofilament asfishinggear material 211 H.Kanehiro, STakeda, T.Kakihara & KSatoh Bicycle chain efficiency 217 M. D. Kidd, N. E. Loch & R. L. Reuben The dynamic response of a golf club head 221 J. S. B. Mather & J. Immohr The development of protection systems for rock climbing 229 R. A Smith Experimental mechanics and artificial turf 239 CAWalker 7 Modelling of sport Parametric modelling of the dynamic performance of a cricket bat 245 C.Grant & S A Nixon Normal impact models for golf balls 251 S. H.Johnson & B. B. Lieberman A proposed mechanical model for measuring propulsive forces in front crawl swimming 257 M.ALauder & P.Dabnichki Analyzing championship squash match-play: In search of a system description 263 T.McGarry, M.A Khan & IM. Franks Derivation of a rope behaviour model for the analysis of forces developed during a rock 271 climbing leader fall M. Pavier Symbolic dynamics for motion analysis in sports 281 AJ. Subic & S. B. Preston VII
5 8 Motion analysis Static and dynamic accuracy determination of a three-dimensional motion analysis system 289 LWAlaways, M.Hubbard, T.M.Conlan & J. A Miles 3-D kinematic analysis of the forward stroke of white-water paddlers using 297 a paddle-ergometer A Kranzl, J. Kollmitzer & E. B. Zwick The accuracy of kinematic data collected from underwater three-dimensional analysis 303 M.ALauder, P.Dabnichki, R.M.Bartlett & SAritan 9 Vibration analysis Vibrations on the golf course 315 A Ekstrom The validation and updating of dynamic models of golf clubs 323 M.I. Friswell, G.Horwood, M.G. Smart & S.M.Hamblyn Engineering 'feel' in the design of golf clubs 333 AHocknell, R.Jones & S.Rothberg Cricket bat design and analysis through impact vibration modelling 339 S. Knowles, J. S. B. Mather & R. Brooks Author index 347 VIII
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