CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION

Transcription

1 CHAPTER 1- INTRODUCTION 1.1 INTRODUCTION The Maharashtra State is having a 720 km coastline, of which Greater Mumbai District has approximately 114 km, Thane District 127 km, Raigad District 122 km, Ratnagiri District 237 km and Sindhudurg District 120 km. Mumbai Harbour or Front Bay, is a natural deep-water harbor in the southern portion of the Ulhas River estuary. The narrower, northern part of the estuary is called Thane Creek. The harbour opens to the Arabian Sea to the south. Vasai Creek is an estuarine creek, one of the two main distributaries of the Ulhas River in Maharashtra state of western India. The Ulhas splits at the northeast corner of Salsette Island into its two main distributaries, Vasai Creek and Thane Creek. Vasai Creek forms the northern boundary of Salsette Island, and empties west into the Arabian Sea; Thane creek empties southwards into Bombay Harbour. Mumbai, city witnesses a large influx of tourists all over the year for sightseeing, pilgrimage as well as seeking employment opportunities. The city offers a diverse platter of tourist attractions, shopping malls and beaches. Being a coastal city, Mumbai has many restaurants and hotels on the water front areas. Mumbai has long been considered as a major tourist destination and has been considered an ideal location for further developing water based tourism on account of its cosmopolitan nature, city life, Bollywood, Business houses and Heritage. The tourism infrastructure throughout the city is well evolved and has been undergoing constant renovation and up-gradation; however the marine tourism infrastructure hasn t kept pace with the present day requirement. 1.2 ABOUT PROJECT The proposed project is also one of the same kinds. The proposed project is for setting up a Passenger Jetty and a Boat Repair Facility near Mauje Versave (survey no 28/29), Tal. Vasai, Dist. Thane. The project is proposed by M/s. Hotel Beano Resorts, one of the leading hotels cum resorts in Mumbai. They have proposed to envisage a floating restaurant in the Vasai creek near village Mauje Versave. The passenger terminal/jetty will help people to reach the restaurant from the bank of the creek to the restaurant. Similarly they have also proposed to set up a water sports centre for recreational activities. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-1

2 1.3 SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EIA STUDY Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) of a project ensures accountability of all the environmental impacts of the various project activities right from the stages of project initiation. The study incorporates the various environmental issues into planning and design stages of the project. It further guarantees the initiation of the various steps for minimization of the identified project impacts and assures a careful consideration of the different project alternatives. An exhaustive EIA process is inclusive of the various steps as described below: a) Screening b) Scoping and consideration of alternatives c) Baseline data collection d) Impact prediction e) Assessment of alternatives, delineation of mitigation measures and environmental impact statement f) Environmental Management Plan g) Decision making h) Monitoring the clearance conditions The Rapid EIA of this Project is undertaken to achieve the following goals: Identification of the various project activities and their potential impacts on the environment. Generation of a comprehensive information database for the project planning team on the nature of environmental risks posed by the project activities, such as human health effect, habitat loss, pollution levels, and change in land use pattern among other issues. Careful consideration of the different alternatives for the project activities that may have serious consequences on the environment. Improving the overall decision-making process and ensuring that project options under consideration, are environmentally sound and sustainable. The key objectives of the study are delineated as follows: Including the viable environmental options into micro planning of the project Providing mitigation measures required for the successful implementation of the overall project. Providing an Environment Management Plan for the site, considering the likely environmental issues and mitigative action plans in the near future. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-2

3 Providing a Disaster Management Plan for making sound arrangements for emergency preparedness at the time of natural or man-made disasters. 1.4 REQUIREMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE The Ministry of Environment, Forests and Climate Change (MoEFCC) of the GoI is responsible for granting environmental clearance to developmental projects. The promoter of the project, before implementation, would have to approach the MoEFCC or its other authorised institution to get environmental clearance. The proposed project falls under the purview of EIA notification of 1994 by MoEFCC New Delhi and the sub sequent amendment in the same. The latest amendment in the EIA notification dated 14 th September 2006 for various developments and townships is applicable for the above project. 1.5 SCOPE OF EIA As per the Amendment in the EIA Notification of 14th September 2006, setting up of A Passenger Jetty does require environmental clearance from Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC), Government of India. EIA report has been prepared for this purpose. In order to assess the environmental impacts arising out of the proposed development of the project, Fine Envirotech Engineers (FEE) has carried out Rapid Environmental Impact Assessment for various environmental components and outlined a detailed Environmental Management Plan (EMP). The baseline data (summer 2015) of economic resources and monitoring data for physical and ecological resources have been used in preparation of this report. The data collected during the study period is presented in this report along with identification, prediction, and evaluation of impacts due to the project activities. An environmental management plan is delineated to mitigate adverse impacts. 1.6 OBJECTIVES Assessment of existing environmental resources viz., physical, ecological and economic in the study area Identification of potential impacts on various environmental components due to activities envisaged during construction and operational phases of the proposed project PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-3

4 Prediction and evaluation of significant impacts on the major environmental components Sensitivity analysis for key issues to determine significance of impacts Preparation of environmental impact statement based on the identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts Delineation of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) outlining preventive and control strategies for minimising adverse impacts due to construction and operational phases of the proposed project Economic analysis considering cost and benefits of environmental impacts and mitigation measures Formulation of environmental quality monitoring programme for all phases of the proposed project 1.7 STUDY AREA To decide whether a proposed action is likely to cause significant adverse environmental effects may be marine and/or land, the concept of EIA is practiced. Before proceeding to establish baseline environmental status, it is important to know the boundary limits and framework, where data can be effectively utilised in impact assessment. The study area is considered to be 10 km radial distance around the centre of project site as per the guidelines of Ministry of Environment and Forests (MoEFCC) for development of project. 1.8 APPROACHES AND METHODOLOGY The methodology adopted for baseline data collection, identification and prediction of impacts for various environmental components are presented below: Establishing Baseline Environmental Status Baseline data describing the existing environmental status of the identified study area is determined using the procedures prescribed by guideline of MoEFCC. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-4

5 Physical Resources a) Air Quality and Climate Design of Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Network The air quality status in the study area is assessed through a network of ambient air quality monitoring locations. The baseline studies for air environment include identification of site and project specific air pollutants prior to implementation of the project. The EIA report is based on baseline air quality data collected during of summer season. The baseline status of the air environment is assessed through a systematic air quality surveillance program, which is planned based on the following criteria: Topography / terrain of the study area Densely populated areas within the region Location of surrounding industries Representation of regional background Methodology for Ambient Air Quality Monitoring Ambient Air Quality Monitoring (AAQM) was carried out at pre-identified locations. Maximum numbers of sampling locations were selected close to the proposed site and in the downwind direction i.e. in N-E sector considering predominant wind direction of S-W. AAQM was carried out as per CPCB guidelines to determine a finer cross-sectional distribution of air pollution in an industrial developed region. The conventional parameters such as Suspended Particulate Matter (PM10), Respirable Suspended Particulate Matter (PM 2.5), Sulphur Dioxide (SO2) and Oxides of Nitrogen (NOx) were monitored on site, at each of these sites. A temporary laboratory was setup at the project site for chemical analysis of representative air samples. An automatic weather monitoring station was also installed at project site, keeping the sensors free exposed to the atmosphere and with minimum interference with the nearby structures. The micro-meteorological data like wind speed, wind direction, temperature and relative humidity were collected using the weather station and cloud cover was recorded manually for the study period. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-5

6 b) Noise Noise standards have been designated for different types of landuse, i.e. residential, commercial, industrial areas and silence zones, as per The Noise Pollution (Regulation and Control) Rules, 2000, Notified by Ministry of Environment and Forests, New Delhi, February 14, The ambient noise standards and safe noise exposure limits are presented in Report respectively. Different standards have been stipulated during day time (6 am to 10 pm) and night time (10 pm to 6 am). The residential, commercial, industrial areas and silence zones close to the project site and in the study area have been identified. These locations have been chosen away from the major roads and major noise sources so as to measure ambient noise levels. Equivalent noise levels (Leq) have been measured twice a week during study period at each monitoring location during day time and night time. Eight observations have been made at each noise monitoring location c) Surface and Ground Water With regard to water environment, two aspects are considered in EIA, the raw water availability and its quality. The water requirement and availability in the region has been assessed. Surface and groundwater quality has been determined and compared with Drinking Water Standards and other relevant standards. One sample was collected at each location for establishing the baseline water quality. In addition, samples from coastal/creek waters were also collected for characterization. d) Topography and Soil Soil samples were collected in the study area at 0-20 cm depth. The general parameters of soil analysis, in context of impact assessment, are texture, ph and conductivity (10% slurry), cation exchange capacity, infiltration rate (permeability), bulk density, porosity, water holding capacity, organic content and NPK constituents. Soil sample were analysed for relevant parameters and assessed using the methods prescribed in books on Soil Analysis by M.L. Jackson and C.A. Black Anticipated Environmental Impacts The environmental impacts due to proposed project have been identified, predicted and evaluated. In the present study the mathematical models that have been used for predictions include PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-6

7 Assimilative capacity based approach to determine permissible air pollution load so as not to exceed ambient air quality standards stipulated by CPCB Wave divergence for stationary noise sources, Federal Highway Administration (FHWA) models for noise levels of vehicular sources For impact on water, land and biological components of environment, the predictions have been made based on available scientific knowledge and judgment. Social Impact have been assessed Environmental Management Plan Environmental Management Plan (EMP) is drawn after identifying, predicting and evaluating the significant impacts on each component of the environment with a view to maximizing the benefits from the project. Post-project Environmental Monitoring programme is also delineated in the report. Table 1.1: GENERAL STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT Chapter - 1 This chapter provides purpose of the EIA INTRODUCTION report, background information of the project, stage of EIA report preparation, and scope, methodology and brief outline of EIA report. Chapter - 2 2DESCRIPTION THE PROJECT OF This chapter provides the following details: Type of project Need for the project Project location Project details including associated activities required for the project. Chapter - 3 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL This chapter presents the information on study area, information on existing environmental STATUS resources, findings of field studies undertaken to establish the baseline environmental status PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-7

8 Chapter - 4 ANTICIPATED ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS MITIGATION MEASURES & and has been organized into the following subsections: Air Environment Biological Environment Noise Environment Socio-economic Environment Water Environment Land Environment This chapter details the identification, prediction and evaluation of impacts on each resource. The impacts of the project are predicted using available computer models during construction and operational phase. The significance of impacts is determined based on applicable environmental guidelines. It describes the overall impacts of the proposed project and identifies the areas of concern, which need mitigation measures. Chapter - 5 Chapter 6 ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAM In this chapter the study has been done for of the alternatives for building material, energy conservation and transportation methods. The study of alternatives helps in many ways e.g. availability of good quality alternative building materials at local level will save not only time and money but it will also facilitate sustainable development. Technical aspects of monitoring the effectiveness of mitigation measures (Measurement methodologies, frequency, location, data analysis, reporting schedules, emergency procedures, detailed budget and procurement schedules) PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-8

9 Chapter - 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES This chapter includes Disaster management Plan; Risk Assessment. Chapter - 8 PROJECT BENEFITS This chapter explains the improvements in the physical infrastructure and social infrastructure and employment potential. Chapter - 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN (EMP) This chapter provides recommendations for Environmental Management Plan (EMP) including mitigation measure for minimizing the negative environmental impacts of the project. Environmental monitoring requirements for effective implementation of mitigation measures during construction as well as operation of the project have also been delineated along with required institutional arrangements for their implementation. Budgetary cost proposed for pollution mitigation and environmental management are also provided. Chapter- 10 SUMMARY OF OBSERVATIONS AND RECOMMENDATIONS This Chapter summarizes the key issues and certain recommendations based on EIA study for successful implementation & execution of the proposed NMSEZ project. Chapter - 11 DISCLOSURE OF THE CONSULTANTS ENGAGED This chapter explains the names of the consultants engaged with the brief resume and the nature of the consultancy engaged. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-9

10 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES Construction Phase Rapid EIA Operational Phase BES EIA & Mitigation Period (1 season) Parameters Monitored Air Noise Temperature Humidity Temperature Wind velocity Of water And wind direction Surface Water Bore Well PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 1-11

11 CHAPTER 2-PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION The proposed project is also one of the same kinds. The proposed project is for setting up a Passenger Jetty and a Boat Repair Facility near Mauje Versave (survey no 28/29), Tal. Vasai, Dist. Thane. The project is proposed by M/s. Hotel Beano Resorts, one of the leading hotels cum resorts in Mumbai. They have proposed to envisage a floating restaurant in the Vasai creek near village Mauje Versave. The passenger terminal/jetty will help people to reach the restaurant from the bank of the creek to the restaurant. Similarly they have also proposed to set up a water sports centre for recreational activities. 2.2 PROJECT DESCRIPTION M/s. Hotel Beano Resorts has proposed to set up boat repair yard, water tourism, water sports & Passenger jetty near Mauje Versave (survey No 28/29), Tal. Vasai, Dist. Thane. The project covers an area of 5058 sq.mt. The project lies in CRZ I and CRZ III areas adjacent to Vasai creek. The main purpose and benefit of the project are: - To provide boat repair yard for maintenance of small sized boats. To provide water sports and water tourism centre in Mumbai. To develop for the first time a floating restaurant of its kind. To increase environmental aesthetic value with green belt, landscaped gardens, recreational point, etc. Proper designing of internal road network To implement all necessary environmental rules and regulations The proposed construction will have following potential project components includes: Energy Water Sewage disposal Fire-fighting system Infrastructure facilities Land use pattern Solid Waste management PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-1

12 The design of the lay out has been done with proper architectural planning considering flat terrain entire plot. The plotting is so made that every plot can enjoy lush green landscape and vegetation cover. 2.3 NEED OF THE PROJECT The proposed project is very essential due to following points which are positive and favorable from various points of views: 1. The proposed jetty project will develop the areas adjacent to the Vasai creek. 2. The project does not displace any rural population. 3. The project envisages employment potential and economic prosperity to local population of the surrounding villages. 4. The fallow and wasteland will be converted to evergreen piece of environment friendly settlement. 5. There will be no hazardous pollution or danger to the environment. 2.4 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT The major components of the passenger jetty and boat repair yard include the following structures which will be constructed from pre-fabricated concrete structures. The structures are listed below RCC platform for passenger terminal building and drive way Passenger jetty Floating jetty Floating platform Water sports centre Repair Shed Floating restaurant The associated facilities that are required to be constructed are listed below Passenger jetty Ferry Terminal on RCC platform 1. Ground level structure as a ferry terminal and the associated offices for ferry operations 2. Waiting rooms for passengers 3. Retail outlets, restaurants and cafes for passengers 4. Security check areas PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-2

13 Emergency service facilities Berthing jetty (slips) for ferries and yachts Sewage treatment plant for sewage that from yachts, ferries and passengers using the ferry terminal Water tanks for storage of water to be supplied to ferries and yachts Diesel storage tanks for refueling ferries Battery charging stations for yachts and ferry batteries Given below are some of the highlights of the project Aesthetics: Aesthetics will be a blend of contemporary & Indian Architecture. Statement: The design, use of material & massing of the structures shall be Iconic symbol of seaside architecture matching high quality design, visual f lair & unique functions. This structure will celebrate contemporary surf life styles of coastal architecture. Structures : Boat repair yards and passenger jetty with supporting common amenities like toilets etc. along with public park with aesthetically designed landscape. 2.5 PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND RATIONALE This project intends to achieve the following objectives- A. Creating tourism enhancing infrastructure: Addressing the high tourism demand is one of the primary objectives of the proposed infrastructure. Well planned infrastructure is expected to create increased demand from tourists/customers. This is also likely to create the necessary conditions for the increasing connectivity to other destinations nearby. B. Creating an additional revenue sources: It is forecasted that the revenues from water sports, passenger levy, shop / restaurant operation fee, battery charging, diesel, water, and sewerage will lead to cash collection. Additional revenue can be generated from parking fees collected (two wheeler and four wheeler parking). C. Development of the leisure boating industry in Maharashtra and Mumbai The Yachting Association of India has made several attempts to request the authorities to developed infrastructure for developing leisure boating activities. This jetty can be a positive step towards achieving this goal. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-3

14 2.6 GEOGRAPHICAL SETTINGS Mauje Versave is located in Vasai Taluka in Thane District in Mumbai, having geographical coordinates 19 17'27"N and 72 54'54"E. Salient features of the Project Site are as follows: Sr.no. Particulars Details Distance (km) 1. Geographical location 19 17'27"N 72 54'54"E Nature of terrain Flat Nearest railway station Thane Railway station 13 km 4. Nearest highway NH km 5. Nearest airport Chattrapati Shivaji Terminus 20 km Airport 6. Nearest village Mauje Versave 3 km 7. Nearest town/city Thane City 10 km 8. Rivers/Creek/ sea Vasai Creek 0.5km 9. Hills/valleys NA National Parks/Sanctuary NA PROJECT COST The estimated cost of the project will be Rs Crores 2.8 APPROACH AND ACCESSIBILITY The proposed project is located in Vasai Taluka in Thane district. Geographically it is located at latitudes N and E. The passenger jetty is proposed to be set up adjoining Vasai Creek which flows along the Ghodbunder road in Thane. The location is well connected by National & State highways. State Highway 42, commonly referred to as Ghodbunder Road or G.B. Road, runs entirely through the district of Thane and skirts the Vasai Creek for most of its route and overlooks the forest from across the creek.. It is one of the major roads leading out of Thane city and connects to the Eastern Express Highway, becoming National Highway 3. It also connects to the Western Express Highway to become National Highway 8 at Ghodbunder leading to Gujarat. National Highway 8( Delhi Jaipur) connects the national capital Delhi to the financial capital Mumbai, as well as important cities Gurgaon, Ajmer, Udaipur, Ahmedabad, Surat, Jaipur, Kotputli and Vadodara runs at a distance of 0.2 km from the project site. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-4

15 2.9 LAND USE The proposed project plot is polygonal in shape with flat terrain. The total plot area is 5850 sq. Mt. Out of the total area sq.mt lies in CRZ I where as sq.mt lies in CRZ III. The area statement is shown as below in table no. : Fig 2.1: Location Plan PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-5

16 Fig 2.2: GOOGLE IMAGE OF THE SITE PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-6

17 Fig 2.3: LAYOUT PLAN PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-7

18 Fig 2.4: CRZ AREA PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-8

19 FIG 2.5: MASTER LAYOUT PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-9

20 FIG.2.6: CROSS SECTION DRAWING OF PROPOSED JETTY PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-10

21 TABLE NO. 2.1: AREA STATEMENT PROFORMA-A A AREA STATEMENT SQ.MT 1. AREA OF PLOT i) S.NO.28 PT ii) S.NO TOTAL DEDUCTIONS FOR a) ROAD SET BACK AREA b) PROPOSED ROADS C) ANY RESERVATIONS TOTAOL (a+b+c) 3. BALANCE AREA FOR THTE PLOT (1 MINUS 2) DEDUCTIONS FOR a) RECREATION GROUND (IF DEDUCTABLE) 5. NET AREA OF PLOT (3 MINUS 4 ) 6. ADDITIONS FOR FLOOR SPACE INDEX 2(a) ROAD SET BACK 2(b) PROP ROAD 7. TOTAL AREA (5 PLUS 6) FLOOR SPACE INDEX PERMISIBLE FLOOR SPACE INDEX CREDIT AVAILABLE AS DEVELOPMENT RIGHTS (RESTRICTED TO 100% OF THE BALANCE AREA VIDE ITEM NO.03 ABOVE) 10. PERMISSIBLE FLOOR AREA (7 x 8) PLUS 9 ABOVE 11. EXISTING FLOOR AREA 12. PROPOSED AREA EXCESS BALCONY AREA TAKEN IN F.S.I 14. TOTAL BUILT UP AREA PROPOSED ( ) F.S.I CONSUMED 0.06 B. BALCONY AREA STATEMENT i) PERMISSIBLE BALCONY AREA PER FLOOR ii) PROPOSED BALCONY AREA PER FLOOR iii) EXCESS BALCONY AREA PER FLOOR iv) TOTAL EXCESS BALCONY AREA FOR ALL FLOORS C. TENEMENT STATEMENT i) PROPOSED AREA (ITEM A. 12 ABOVE) ii) LESS DEDUCTION OF NON-RESIDENTIAL AREA (SHOP.ETC.) iii) AREA AVAILABLE FOR TENEMENTS ( i MINUS ii) iv) TENEMENTS PERMISSIBLE (DENSITY OF TENEMENTS 450/HECTARE) v) TENEMENTS PROPOSED vi) TENEMENTS EXISTING TOTAL TENEMENTS OF THE PLOT D. PARKING STATEMENT i) PARKING REQUIRED BY RULE CAR PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-11

22 SCOOTER / MOTORCYCLE OUTSIDERS (VISITORS) ii) LOCK-UP GARRAGES PERMISSIBLE iii) LOCK-UP GARRAGES PROPOSED CAR SCOOTER/ MOTORCYCLE OUTSIDERS (VISITORS) iv) TOTAL PARKING PROVIDED E. TRANSPORT VEHICALS PARKING i) SPACES FOR TRANSPORT VEHICLES PARKING REQ. BY RULES ii) TOTAL TRANSPORT VEHICLES (PARKING SPACES PROVIDED) TABLE NO. 2.2: AREA STATEMENT Area statement SQ.MT Total area of plot 5850 FSI 0.20 Built up Area Permissible 1170 Built up Area Proposed POTENTIAL PROJECT COMPONENTS The said project will be very beneficial from tourism point of view for the city of Mumbai. Any such infrastructure development should be environmentally sustainable and should have taken into consideration all important aspects of environment. Particularly in this project, the major environmental component which may have impacts includes water environment, air quality, noise pollution and vegetation that may be cut/fell during construction. In case of water environment it can be said that the quality of Vasai creek adjoining the project site will not be further affected during the construction phase. The water quality during the construction phase may get affected due to the debris that may fall/slip into the river. This may result in the formation of a layer of suspended solid particles on the surface of river water affecting the Dissolved Oxygen concentration having serious impacts on the aquatic life. Also, there can be increased levels of turbidity affecting the light penetration capacity of water and aesthetic value of the river. However, in this case all these possibilities are negligible as there will be no demolition of any kind of existing structures. Thus, there will be no run-off of debris into the creek adjoining the site. In case of air environment, there may be temporary effect on the existing air quality due to increased vehicular traffic during construction phase for the transport of raw materials PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-12

23 required for construction of the jetty. This will be mitigated by using sinages to avoid congestion and for smooth movement of traffic in addition to the above, traffic wardens kept at vantage positions to permit easy moment of traffic. Also the construction timings will be set such that it will not overlap with the peak traffic hours. By adopting the above techniques, issues such as traffic congestion, honking and Vehicular Air Pollution will be minimized and thus it will not pose great effect on Baseline environmental conditions. In case of Noise Environment, increased vehicular traffic and honking will be major contributors to the increased noise levels adjoining the project location. However by adopting the above measures honking will be reduced to a great extent. Thereby probability of incremental noise levels can be avoided. In the process of any such jetty project in CRZ areas and approach on the landward side important issue to be tackled will be destruction of marine vegetation and felling of mangroves present at the site. However, in this case the project site is devoid of mangroves. Also a buffer area of 50 m will be left so no damage is caused to the nearby mangroves. Thus, overall the project seems to be environmentally sustainable and further sustainability in this case will be achieved through additional studies WATER REQUIREMENT Water is an important component of any kind of developmental project. Water is required both during construction as well as operation phase. The major water requirement areas during the construction activity are as follows: 1. Construction activities 2. Domestic purpose-labor use Estimated amount of water that will be required during the various construction activities is estimated to about m3/day. This will be met by using tanker water. During the construction phase, the laborers will be employed residing in the adjoining areas. Thus it is not envisaged to have any kind of labor camp on site or off site. Thus, the water required by the laborers will only be for drinking purpose. About 100 laborers will be employed during the construction phase. Thus the water requirement for drinking purpose will be around 5m 3 /day. This water will be supplied by authorized potable water supplying agencies in thane. During operation phase, water will be required for the following purposes- PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-13

24 AREA PURPOSE Quantity (KLD) Passenger Jetty Boat repair Domestic Flushing Maintenance 3.5 facility Floating restaurant Domestic Flushing Maintenance 8.5 Total 12 Water has to be stored in a sump and it has to store water for two days in case of emergency. The water stored in the sump will be pumped to the overhead tanks using high HP pumps. The sump and the pumps will be provided beside the overhead tanks on the RCC platform. The flushing water demand will be satisfied by treated water from the sewage treatment plant. Overhead tanks are provided for firefighting which are filled by treated water from STP if required. So if water is not available it can be filled as fast as possible and lack of power at times doesn t affect the water supply FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT It is one of the most important project components and has been properly included in the planning of the project ELECTRIC SUPPLY The electrical supply will be taken from MSEB at a sub-station as per the maximum requirement. For the initial operations, the electric supply for lighting purpose only will be taken DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE The total water required for during operational phase will be about 12 KLD. Out of which 80% of the water will be converted into sewage and this will be treated in sewage treatment plant (STP). The estimated capacity of each STP provided is mentioned in the table below. The tertiary treated sewage will be used for landscaping and flushing. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-14

25 Table 2.5: SEWAGE GENERATION DURING OPERATION PHASE Sr. No Item Details 1 Total Sewage generation rate (klpd) Capacity of STP (klpd) No. of STP 1 4 STP Technology MBBR Based Technology The treated water from STP will be reclaimed & used for Flushing & 5 Objective landscaping purpose within project area that will result in minimum consumption of fresh water. 6 Treated water available from 80% generation rate (klpd) Total recycled water (Flushing + Gardening) (klpd) 6.5 m3/day 8 Balance treated water after recycling(klpd) 2.2 m3/day for floor cleaning 9 Sludge Generated The sludge generated will be sent to authorized sludge collector or will be given to farmers for agricultural purpose(only after ensuring that the parameters of the sludge is safe to be used as fertilizer) Mode of disposal: The treated water from STP will be reclaimed & used for Flushing & landscaping purpose within project area that will result less consumption of fresh water. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-15

26 Fig 2.7: STP FLOW DIAGRAM PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-16

27 Table 2.6: CHARACTERISTIC OF TREATED WASTE WATER SR.NO PARAMETERS AFTER AFTER AFTER UF BIOLOGICAL ACTIVATED FILTRATION TREATMENT CARBON 1 ph 6.5 to to to TSS mg/l < 10mg/l Nil 3 BOD 50-30mg/l 10 mg/l < 5mg/l 4 COD mg/l 100 mg/l 30 mg/l 5 Oil & Grease < 5 mg/l < 5 mg/l < 5 mg/l Technical Details of STP: Process Scheme of MBBR (Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor): Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor (MBBR) processes improve reliability, simplify operation, and require less space than traditional wastewater treatment systems. MBBR technology employs thousands of polyethylene biofilm carriers operating in mixed motion within an aerated wastewater treatment basin. Each individual bio-carrier increases productivity through providing protected surface area to support the growth of heterotrophic and autotrophic bacteria within its cells. It is this high-density population of bacteria that achieves high-rate biodegradation within the system, while also offering process reliability and ease of operation. This technology provides cost-effective treatment with minimal maintenance since MBBR processes self-maintain an optimum level of productive biofilm. Additionally, the biofilm attached to the mobile biocarriers within the system automatically responds to load fluctuations. Process Benefits Compact Design A fraction of the size of conventional systems Expandable Capacity can be easily upgraded by simply increasing the fill fraction of biofilm carriers Single Pass Process No return activated sludge stream required PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-17

28 Load Responsive Actively sloughed biofilm automatically responds to load fluctuations Minimal Maintenance No F/M ratios or MLSS levels to maintain MBBR processes are an excellent solution for common wastewater applications including: BOD Reduction Nitrification Total Nitrogen Removal Moving Bed Biofilm Reactor systems deliver a flexible, cost-effective, and easy-to-operate means to address current wastewater requirements and the expandability to meet future loads or more stringent discharge requirements within a compact design. Storm water drainage system is proposed. The drains will ultimately be connected to the existing storm water drains SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT The total solid waste generated during the construction of the jetty, boat repair yard and the floating restaurant is estimated to be 350kg/day. Most of this waste will be of non-biodegradable in nature and will be segregated at the source. All the reusable material will be used back for construction. However the waste/scrape will be sent to designated sites for landfilling. The estimated waste generated during the operation phase from the boat repair yard and restaurant is estimated 175 kg/day. The quantity of biodegradable waste is estimated to be 105 kg/day while the non-biodegradable waste generated will be 70 kg/day. Segregation or sorting of waste at its source will be practiced in order to encourage reuse/ recycling and to minimise the negative effects of the waste and increase its economic value. Separate bins will be placed to collect bio degradable and non biodegradable waste. In the parking place and other open areas also dedicated bins will be placed. Daily collection of waste will take place from all the bins. Daily sweeping and collection of waste from roads and other common facility area would also be done daily in the morning by the same operator. For waste collection either carts or a dedicated truck could be used. Separate collection for bio degradable and non biodegradable wastes could be ensured. Solid waste generated by the project would be collected and disposed by the Municipal Corporation. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-18

29 Method of Disposal Biodegradable Non biodegradable Other Organic: Tea Leaves, Eggshells, Old Food, Henna Paste, Vegetable Peels. Recyclable: Paper, bottles,, glass, note books, safety pins, caps of mineral water bottles etc. PET mineral water bottles, nitrogen sealed packaging for chips, tetra packs, thermocole, carbon paper, plastic coated visiting cards, and sachets. Collection Segregation Disposal & Provision will be made for segregation of the biodegradable and the nonbiodegradable wastes and they will be stored in different colored bins. Biodegradable waste will be composted whereas other will be given to authorized agencies. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-19

30 WASTE MANAGEMENT Waste Fraction Collection Storage Transportation Treatment Disposal Mechanism Construction waste By trucks, At source Itself Vehicles Recovering metals(steel), As a soil covered in lorries PVC pipes landfilling. Filling up low lying areas. Hazardous waste By trucks, At source itself By close vehicle Combustion in a specially designed Land filling, lorries in an isolated incinerator plant with pollution Environment controlling devices. Biodegradable waste Community Dumping By Vehicles Composting, Anaerobic Landfilling bins, Municipal ground/compost digestion(biogas),mechanical corporation ing plant biological treatment (MBT), Vehicles depending upon Biological Mechanical Treatment disposal,(bmt),pyrolysis,gasification Non-Biodegradable By Vehicles At Material By Vehicles Cleaning of the recyclables and then Only the discarded Waste recovery/ marketing it to dealers. materials which have no Recycling recyclable value should Facility be send to the landfill PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-20

31 HUMAN RESOURCES During the operation phase, the proposed landing facility is expected to employ about approximately 30 nos (no.s directly + no.s indirectly) people of various skills. The priority of employment would be given to local residents depending up on the skill. However, skilled official/technician and other such personnel will be hired from outside area INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING Maximum possible number of passengers: Number of passengers to be handled at any given time, variations during the day/season, maximum required capacity: This factor is directly related with space requirement and utilization on the terminal for waiting areas, ticketing counters, toilets, number operations staff, parking area, capacity of utility services like fresh water, sewage treatment, waste disposal, power requirement, and disaster management plans. Number of boats to be handled: Number of boats to be handled at any given time and variations during the day/season, their dimensions, draft requirements, and utility services requirements. The size of the jetties shall be in accordance with the size and number of vessels that need to be accommodated. The jetty sizing shall also consider future growth in demand if anticipated. Wave heights, wind speeds and tidal variation: The tidal variation (difference in high and low tides) in the Vasai is in the range of m.As a result, the jetty needs to be so designed that it is functional during high as well as low tides. Furthermore, the embarkation jetty needs to be a floating structure with a draft such that it does not beach during a low tide. There should not be any requirement of dredging as this escalates the cost of operation of the jetty. The jetty design also needs to take into account wave forces for determining the structure sizes. Since the concrete floating jetties have minimum maintenance and longer life (upto 50 years) as compared to the steel jetties this report recommends use of concrete floating jetties. The floating jetties need to be anchored/ moored so that they do not shift latterly due to current, tides or waves Maximum tidal variation to avoid submergence: The design of fixed part of the jetty on piled foundations also needs to consider the maximum tidal variation and wave height to PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-21

32 avoid submergence during extreme weather conditions. The piles and jetty structure need to be designed for maximum wind speeds and wave/tidal heights encountered in a 100 yr return period. The impact forces of breaking/diffracting waves also need to be considered for pile design. As this portion of the jetty is fixed, it needs to be designed as an all-weather structure. Site geotechnical details: Detailed soil investigation will be required to be carried out during construction phase to ascertain the soil conditions. Number and types of utility services required: The facility shall be designed taking into account all the different types of utility services required like electric supply, fresh water supply, sewage treatment plant, telephone connectivity for administration building, wi-fi connectivity options etc. Dimension of the water sports boats: The dimensions, capacities and number of boats are given in table below. These details are important to design the berths and the number of berths as well. Types of boats for water sports and their specifications 1. Water sports boat PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-22

33 2. Cruising boat 3. Water bike Length of the jetty: The length of the jetty is so designed such that sufficient draft is available for the launches and catamarans, while berthing. An optimal distance of 385m is selected for the length of the jetty in this regard. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-23

34 Safe embarkation and disembarkation for passengers: The floating pontoons will serve to provide stability to passengers embarking or disembarking from a ferry vessel. There will be nearly 16 simultaneous berthing slots, leading to a high utilization and minimum congestion. This design is also such that passengers do not have to jump over vessels to get into their vessel. Access to ferry services by old and handicapped persons: The terminal and jetty is so designed that handicap and old customers wanting to use the ferry services can do so without any trouble. Utilities for passenger jetty and ferry terminal Being a public use facility, the ferry terminal will require special attention given to design and planning of the utilities. The passenger jetty will require electricity and water as the most important utilities. The electricity points are to illuminate the jetty walkway for evening or night operations. The following utilities will be required for the ferry terminal. Waiting Area: A waiting area with sufficient seating arrangement shall be provided in the passenger terminal. The waiting area shall have 2 separate toilets for ladies and gents and a television sets. Sufficient number of electrical points shall be provided for phone/laptop charging purposes. Toilets: Two in Nos. sets of toilets shall be provided (separate for ladies and gents), one set inside the waiting area and the other accessible from other parts of the passenger terminal. Separate changing rooms and toilets shall be provided for the operating staff of the passenger terminal. Parking Area: A parking area (2900 sq. ft.) will be provided for passenger cars. Approximately 78 cars can be parked in this area. This shall also serve as the Assembly Point in case of emergencies. Ticketing Booth: A 8 window ticketing booths will be placed at the entry to the passenger terminal to cater for the peak passenger load. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-24

35 Open areas: The terminal shall have approximately sq. ft. of sea facing open area with benches placed along the periphery for enjoying the sea views from the jetty. Entry and Exit Routes: Separate entry and exit routes shall be provided on the fixed walkway for the passengers. The passenger terminal shall also have separate entry and exit routes at the side s with common access through the passenger terminal itself. Emergency exit routes shall be clearly marked with fluorescent arrows at all vantage points. Passenger berth design, layout and functional planning layout The jetty shall consist of a fixed passenger terminal.this area shall consist of the ticketing booths, recreational facilities like restaurants, shops, seating areas and amenities like toilets. This area shall also house all the machinery rooms for the services provided on the jetty in addition to a security control room/watch tower. The passenger terminal shall lead to a fixed piled walkway in turn leading to the floating berths. Only passengers with tickets for boarding vessels or exiting passengers shall be allowed on to this walkway. The fixed walkway shall lead to the boarding area consisting of floating berths. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 2-25

36 CHAPTER 3-DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE STUDY) 3.0 SCOPE OF WORK This section of the report gives description of the existing Environmental Studies within the project area, which constitutes the baseline for the study. Natural conditions are often critical when designing and constructing infrastructure works. The assessment of baseline studies of the appropriate environmental parameters, which may be affected by the project implementation, is a pre-requisite for any Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study. Monitoring surveys of the study area (project area) has been carried out in summer of 2015 during the months from March to May. Field monitoring for meteorological conditions, ambient air quality, water quality, noise quality, etc. has been carried out in one season, which constitutes major portion of the baseline environmental studies. In addition to these important parameters, certain aspects like land use, socio-economic studies, geo-technical investigations etc. are covered during the study period. This information is based on secondary information sources and constitutes remaining part of the baseline environmental studies. EIA is often mandatory requirement for planning of infrastructure and marine structures. The EIA determines the environmental consequences of the project prior to construction, assessment of environmental impact due to construction, its impact on existing baseline environmental parameters and also importantly on land use and socio-economic parameters. The entire data has been collected through actual physical surveys and observations, literature surveys, interaction with locals, government agencies and departments. This chapter describes the baseline environment settings in the area and will throw light, its effect on dayto-day environment. 3.1 BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STATUS In order to assess the existing environmental status in the project area, primary and secondary data on various environmental attributes viz. air quality, noise levels, water quality, soil, ecology, land use etc have been collected and presented in the following paragraphs. The entire project area is divided in to various environmental segments in order to establish PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-1

37 baseline environmental study. The various 5 locations selected on the merits of environmental settings in 10km radius is indicated in the following Table 3.1 TABLE 3.1: ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY AREA SR. No. STUDY LOCATION 01 At Site 02 Juchandra 03 Navghar 04 Gaimukh gaon 05 Ketkipada 06 Rai village The various parameters studied during environmental survey at above locations are indicated in the following Table 3.2 TABLE 3.2: ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS Sr. No Parameters 1. Meteorology Temperature, Humidity, Rainfall, Wind Direction,etc. 2. Air PM10, PM 2.5, SO X, NO X, CO 3. Water ph, COD, BOD, DO, etc. 4. Noise Noise levels 5. Socio-economy Socio-economy status, population, literacy etc. 6. Land Soil, Landuse pattern etc. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-2

38 FIG 3.1: MONITORING LOCATIONS MAP PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-3

39 3.2 TOPOGRAPHY & GEOLOGY Topography The proposed project will be developed in an urban area, where there will not be any distinct changes in the existing topographical nature. The entire project will be on the existing land. The region falls in Deccan lava terrain with small hillocks scattered in the eastern and northeastern part and south western part are considerably plain. The average elevation from the Mean Sea Level (MSL) is only 11m Geology Thane District, lies between 18 42' and 20 72' North Latitude and 72 45' and 73 48' east longitude, with an area of 9558 sq.km. Thane District has triangular shape. Pune District and Ahmadnagar district lie on the East. Nashik district is on the east and north-east, Gujarat and centrally administrated areas of Dadar and Nagar Haveli on its north, Arabian Sea forms the north-west boundary; while Mumbai and Suburban Mumbai districts lie on the south Climate The climate of this district is characterized, by humidity except in the south-west monsoon season. The year may be divided into four seasons, the cold season from December to February followed by the hot season from March to May and the south-west monsoon season from June to September followed by the post-monsoon season during October and November. The historical data collected from India Meteorological Department (IMD) and other secondary sources to represent the metrological conditions of the project area has been reviewed and presented below for various attributes such as Temperature, Wind, Cloud cover, Humidity, Rainfall, Cyclone, and Visibility Temperature The mean of the highest air temperature recorded in Vasai Taluka is 35 0 C in the months of March, April and May while the mean lowest is 16 0 C recorded in the month of January. Mean daily maximum and minimum temperatures are 31 0 C and 24 0 C respectively PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-4

40 TABLE 3.3: TEMPERATURE DETAILS Location Maximum temperature( o C) Minimum temperature ( o C) At site Juchandra Navghar Gaimukh gaon Ketkipada Rai village TABLE 3.4: TEMPERATURE OF VASAI TALUKA Month Mean Daily Maximum Temperature ( o C) Mean Daily Minimum Temperature ( o C) January February March April May June July August September October November December Annual TABLE 3.5: TEMPERATURE OF THANE DISTRICT Month Mean Daily Maximum Temperature ( C) Mean Daily Minimum Temperature ( C) January February March April May June July August September October November December Annual PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-5

41 3.2.5 Rainfall The south-west monsoon normally enters into the state in the first week of June and prevails till last week of September. The average yearly rainfall in the study area is about 2098 mm, of which 1965 mm (93.66%) is received during June to September under the influence of south-west monsoons. Usually maximum average monthly rainfall of 709 mm occurs in July. January and February are generally the driest month of the year. There is practically no rainfall from December to April Relative Humidity The relative humidity was observed to be high during the monsoon months from July to September. Mean yearly relative humidity at 0830 hours is 77% while the same at 1730 hours is 71%. The monthly average is lowest in February (62%) and highest in July to September (85%) Fog TABLE 3.6: RELATIVE HUMIDITY Relative Humidity Month Mean Maximum (%) Mean Minimum (%) January February March April May June July August September October November December Reportedly the region has zero foggy days and as such no affect to navigation on this count Cloud cover The skies are heavily clouded to overcast during the south-west monsoon season. In the rest of the year skies are mostly clear or lightly clouded. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-6

42 3.2.9 Winds Winds are generally light to moderate with some strengthening in wind force during the latter part of the summer season and in the south-west monsoon season. Winds are south-westerly or westerly in the south-west monsoon season. In the post-monsoon season winds are light and variable in direction in the mornings and north-easterly or easterly in the afternoons. In the cold season, winds blow from directions between south-west and north-west in the mornings and between north and east in the afternoons. In the hot season winds are from directions between South west and North West. TABLE 3.7: WIND DIRECTION AND WIND SPEED Month Morning 08:30 hrs Evening 17:30 hrs. Direction Average Speed (kmph) Direction Average Speed (kmph) January NE 5.7 NW 5.7 February NE 6.9 NW 6.9 March NE 7.8 NW 7.8 April S 9.0 NW 9.0 May SW 9.3 W & NW 9.3 June W 11.8 W 11.8 July W 12.7 W 12.7 August W 10.5 W 10.5 September W 7.7 NW 7.7 October E 4.8 NW 4.8 November E 4.8 NW 4.8 December E&W 4.9 NW Rainfall Monsoon generally sets in around the second week of June and continues till late September. July and August are the wettest months all over the region. There is hardly a day without rain, in these two months. Towards the later part of the season, there are breaks in between, when the oppressive hot weather is associated with high humidity along the coast. The average rainfall in the region is nearly 2000 mm. Average monthly rainfall is indicated in Table 3.7 PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-7

43 TABLE 3.8: NORMAL RAINFALL (Based on 50 years data) Month Rainfall in mm January 4.1 February 2.0 March 1.5 April 1.5 May 18.3 June July August September October 64.5 November 17.5 December 2.3 Annual Source: India Meteorological Department 3.3 AIR ENVIRONMENT Assessment of prevailing ambient air quality status in the vicinity of the proposed project site is an indispensable part of environmental impact assessment study for the proposed Project. The baseline studies for air environment covers reconnaissance, identification of specific air pollutants expected to have significant impacts from the proposed project and assessing their prevailing levels in ambient air at representative locations within the impact zone around the project site. The baseline status of air environment in this case has been assessed through reconnaissance in project area and a systematic air quality surveillance programme. As the transport/dilution of air pollutants are regulated mainly by the wind, conditions, sampling network was designed according to predominant wind pattern the project site during study period. The basic considerations for designing air quality surveillance programme include: Selection of representative sampling locations primarily guided by the topography and micro-meteorology of the region, Representation of regional background Proper representation of crosswind Adequate sampling frequency, and Monitoring of project specific air pollutants in addition to criteria pollutants PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-8

44 All these aspects were given due consideration in devising optimal scheme for a quality sampling programme for baseline air quality Ambient Air Quality Survey The prime objective of ambient air quality survey around the proposed project site is to establish the prevailing pre-project air quality status in the project area. The pre-project ambient air status within the impact zone (10 Km radial) has been assessed during summer season through 6 sampling stations identified based on above criteria. The relative location of ambient air quality sampling stations details given in table 3.1. The conventional air pollutants namely suspended particulate matter (PM10 and PM2.5),, sulfur dioxide (S02), and oxides of nitrogen (NOx) were identified to monitor the current air quality status. All these pollutants were monitored as 24 hourly averages, The high volume samplers with cyclone separators were used for collection of air samples for particulate matter by drawing air at ( m3/min) flow rate and gaseous pollutants at sampling flow rate of 0.5 to 1.0 ppm. Gravimetric method was followed to determine to SPM and RSPM concentrations. Standard wet chemical (Spectrophotometric) methods have been followed to measure the concentrations of individual gaseous pollutants. Air quality monitoring was carried out at five locations along the proposed project area in all the season. a) Selection of Monitoring Stations The monitoring stations were selected considering the spatial relationship of various land use along the project road & wind direction in accordance with BIS guidelines [IS:5182 (part- 14)-1985]. This project neither in construction phase nor in operational phase will not have far reaching effect on environmental settings in 5-10 km radius area, although surveys have been carried out up to 10 km with emphasis up to 2 km radius from the project area. b) Monitoring Methodology Monitoring of ambient air quality was carried out as per CPCB guidelines. The NOx concentration was analyzed as per modified West & Geake method & SO 2 concentration analyzed as per Jacob & Hochheiser method. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-9

45 Pollutant Sulphur Dioxide (SO 2 ) (g/m 3 ) Nitrogen Dioxide (NO2) (g/m 3 ) Particulate Matter (Size less than 10 m) or PM10 g/m 3 Particulate Matter (Size less than 2.5 m) or PM2.5 g/m 3 Carbon Monoxide (CO) (mg/m 3 ) TABLE 3.9: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY STANDARDS (CPCB) Concentration in Ambient Air Time Industrial, Ecologically Weighted Residential, Sensitive Area Average Rural And (Notified by Methods of Measurement Other Areas Central Govt.) Annual * Improved West & Gaeke method 24 hours** Ultraviolet Fluorescence Annual * Modified Jacob & Hochheiser method. (Na 24 hours** Arsenite) Chemiluminescence - Gravimetric Annual * TOEM - Beta Attenuation 24 hours** Gravimetric Annual * TOEM - Beta Attenuation 24 hours** Non dispersive infra red 8 hours** 2 2 (NDIR) Spectroscopy 1 hour 4 4 PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-10

46 FIG 3.2: IMPACT NETWORK ON AIR ENVIRONMENT PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-11

47 The ambient air monitoring has been carried out at all the five segments mentioned. The average values depicted in the Table no TABLE 3.10: AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR MONITORING REPORT LOCATION At At At At At the At Rai Juchandra Navghar Gaimukh Ketkipada site village Standard PARAMETER PM PM SOx NOx CO <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 <0.4 < (All Parameter Units Are µg/m3) Standard from The Air (Prevention and Control of Pollution) Act, 1981 FIG 3.3: AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS PM10 PM2.5 Sox Nox 0 site Juchandra Navghar Gaimukh Ketkipada Rai village PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-12

48 3.3.2 Results and Conclusions The results of the monitoring at and around the project site were as follows: PM10: The PM10 conc. observed at site was 25.00µg/m 3, at Juchandra was µg/m 3, at Navghar was µg/m 3, at Gaimukh was µg/m 3, at Ketatkipada was µg/m 3 and at Rai village was µg/m 3. The minimum value was observed at Rai Village (i.e µg/m 3 ) & max value observed at Juchandra (i.e µg/m 3 ) which was well within standard range. PM2.5: The PM2.5 conc. observed at site was µg/m3, at Juchandra was µg/m3, at Navghar was µg/m3, at Gaimukh was µg/m3, at Ketatkipada was µg/m3 and at Rai village was µg/m3. The minimum value was observed at Navghar (i.e µg/m3) & max value observed at Juchandra (i.e 58µg/m3) which was well within standard range. SOx: The SOx conc. observed at site was µg/m 3, at Juchandra was µg/m 3, at Navghar was µg/m 3, at Gaimukh was µg/m 3, at Ketatkipada was µg/m 3 and at Rai village was µg/m 3. The minimum value was observed at Juchandra (i.e µg/m 3 ) & max value observed at Navghar (i.e µg/m 3 ) which was well within standard range. NOx: The NOx conc. observed at site was µg/m 3, at Juchandra was µg/m 3, at Navghar was µg/m 3, at Gaimukh was µg/m 3, at Ketatkipada was µg/m 3 and at Rai village was µg/m 3. The minimum value was observed at Juchandra (i.e µg/m 3 ) & max value observed at Navghar (i.e µg/m 3 ) which was well within standard range. CO: The CO conc. observed at all the locations was below 0.4µg/m 3. This value is well below the standard limit. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-13

49 3.4 WATER ENVIRONMENT Introduction The portion of water that is available for consumption and other usage is relatively a small proportion of the quantity available in rivers, lakes and ground water. The crisis regarding water resources development and management thus arises because most of the water is not available for use and moreover, is characterized by its highly uneven spatial distribution. Accordingly, the importance of water has been recognized and greater emphasis is being laid on its optimum use and overall effective management. The Environment Impact Assessment studies in the area of water resources are focused towards ensuring sustainable use of water. The existing water resources, both surface and ground water with respective significance were identified within the study area (10 km radial distance) around project site. The representative sampling locations for surface water and ground water were selected to assess the existing (pre-project status) of water quality in the impact zone. Physico-chemical, nutrient, demand, and bacteriological parameters having relevance to public health and aesthetic significance were selected to assess the water quality status with special attention to project intake water source and the receiving body of the treated effluent keeping in view the discharge from the proposed project. The standard methods prescribed for surface and groundwater samplings as well as the analytical methods prescribed for individual parameters were followed in this study Surface Water The Surface water body adjacent to the project site is Vasai Creek. The prevailing (pre-project) status of water quality has been assessed through identification of water resources and appropriate sampling locations for both surface and ground water in study area depending on topography. The water samples collected were analyzed for Physicochemical, nutrient and demand parameters, bacteriological and biological characteristics and the respective results are given in Tables Ground Water Survey in the selected sample villages around the project site (within 10 km radius) revealed that most of the villages use hand pumps for drinking/domestic purposes. Ground water is PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-14

50 reported to be encountered at a depth between m. Total 3 samples were collected and analyzed to assess the baseline status of groundwater quality in the study area as shown in Table The data on Physico-chemical nutrient and demand parameters, metals, bacteriological and biological characteristics of groundwater samples collected from various locations are given in Tables TABLE 3.11 WATER QUALITY SAMPLING LOCATIONS Sr. No. Sampling Location SURFACE WATER 1. Vasai Creek GROUND WATER 2. Gaimukh Gaon Baseline Status-Surface Water The nearest water body located close to the project site is the Vasai creek. However upcoming project will not affect these water bodies directly or indirectly. The sewage generated during construction and operation phases will be treated and recycled back into the project and in no case neither untreated nor treated sewage will be discharged. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-15

51 TABLE 3.12: WATER ANALYSIS REPORT Parameters Surface water Ground water Units Physical Parameters Temperature C Chemical parameters Aluminum <0.01 Mg/l Total Carbon Mg/l Boron 0.02 Mg/l Silicon as SiO % Sodium absorption ratio ph Selenium as Se <0.01 Mg/l Copper as Cu <0.01 Mg/l Lead as Pb <0.01 Mg/l Arsenic as As <0.01 Mg/l Conductivity µs/cm Free and saline Ammonia <1 Mg/l Nitrite as NO Mg/l Oil & Grease 7 Mg/l Chromium as Cr <0.01 Mg/l Colour 1 Hazen Turbidity 150 NTU Total Dissolved Solids Mg/l (TDS) Total Hardness as CaCO Mg/l Sulphate as SO Mg/l Fluoride as F 1.2 Mg/l Nitrate as NO Mg/l PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-16

52 3.5 NOISE QUALITY Introduction As mentioned earlier the project area is near the busiest road. It experiences slightly higher noise levels during peak hrs. i.e. from day-time and in the evening period from 5 pm to 7 pm. Noise levels have been monitored at all the 6 locations and the results are presented in the Table Noise levels are attributed to the vehicular traffic in the project area. There are no industrial activities, which will lead to higher noise levels. The heavy traffic during peak hours is due to the arterial location of the project site. The higher noise levels are observed only during congestion time. During construction phase there will be a slight increase in noise levels within the plot area, which will not affected to the nearby residential or commercial establishment. Adequate measures will be taken to mitigate such effect. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-17

53 FIG 3.4: IMPACT NETWORK ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-18

54 TABLE 3.13: AVERAGE OF NOISE DATA FOR PROJECT AREAS SR. NO. LOCATIONS Leq Day time Leq Night time 01. At the site At Juchandra At Navghar At Gaimukh At Ketkipada Rai village The Table 3.13 indicates average of noise data for project areas whereas Table 3.14 depicts Permissible Noise Levels (CPCB Standards) FIG 3.5: NOISE LEVELS MONITORING DATA Leq Day time Leq Night time Site Juchandra Navghar Gaimukh Ketkipada Rai village PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-19

55 TABLE 3.14 : PERMISSIBLE NOISE LEVEL (CPCB STANDARDS) Area Category of Area Permissible Limit L eq Day time L eq Night time A Industrial Area B Commercial Area C Residential Area D Silence Zone Note - 1 Day time is reckoned in between 6.a m and 10 p.m. Note - 2 Night time is reckoned in between 10 p.m. and 6 a.m Results & Discussion Noise levels in Day time: The noise level at the site during day time was db, at Juchandra was db, at Navghar was db, at Gaimukh gaon was db, at Ketkipada was db and at Rai village was db. The min noise level during day time was observed at the Site (i.e db) & the max noise level was observed at Gaimukh Gaon (i.e 67.09dB) which was not within the standard range since the surveyed site was at the junction of Ghodbunder road and also due to its proximity to the MIDC area. Noise levels in Night time: The noise level at the site during day time was db, at Juchandra was db, at Navghar was db, at Gaimukh gaon was db, at Ketkipada was db and at Rai village was db. The min noise level during day time was observed at the Site (i.e db) & the max noise level was observed at Gaimukh Gaon (i.e 67.09dB) which was not within the standard range since the surveyed site was at the junction of Ghodbunder road and also due to its proximity to the MIDC area. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-20

56 3.6 LAND USE Impacts on land environment from ship repairing facility could be mainly attributed to disposal of solid/hazardous waste either onto land (direct impacts) or into water bodies, which are also used as irrigation water resources (indirect impacts). Accordingly, for Environmental Impact Assessment, it is pertinent to study characteristics of soil resulting changes in soil due to disposal of harmful substances on land and the resultant behavior of the surrounding soil environment. The Pre-project status with respect to soil characteristics (physical & chemical), land use pattern in the impact zone around the proposed project site forms the baseline status of land environment. The land classification of the study area along with land use pattern in different villages as per census/revenue records was obtained. The land use pattern in the study area is dominated by unirrigated land. 3.7 TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT The traffic density and its management play an important role in any such development project, which are proposed near any busy junction. The proposed project is near to the junction and shall not affect the traffic management during construction as well as operational phases. In order to have a smooth traffic pattern, the proposed project will have adequate no. of entry and exit points for plying construction vehicles. This will facilitate the traffic congestion in the area and belong to reduce vehicular pollution due to it. It is envisaged that it will have considerable increase in no. of vehicles in the surrounding area/ roads. The vehicular traffic on these roads includes commercial vehicles (trucks, tempos, dumpers and other heavy vehicles), light vehicles, domestic vehicles. The major traffic flow occurs between 8 am to 12 pm during daytime and 4 pm to 8 pm during evening peak hrs. The additional traffic envisaged due to the project would also occur in this time duration only. This junction has a major traffic signal system. This has resulted in systematic flow or traffic in all directions. There are few schools, in this area but the school bus is plying from the internal roads and does not contribute heavily on the routine traffic. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-21

57 FIG 3.6: IMPACT NETWORK ON LAND ENVIRONMENT PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-22

58 3.8 SOIL Soil is here defined as the top layer if the land surface of the earth composed of small rock particles, humus (organic matter), water and air and geology concerns the rocks beneath the soil. Some types of development have effects on the underlying geology, and almost all have an effect on the soil. Soil is a major factor affecting plants, including agricultural crops, and plants provide the food and habitats for animals. Thus, avoiding major impacts of a development on the soil can go long way towards preventing the degradation of a whole ecosystem. The soil investigation was carried out in and out the site to establish the basic characteristics in terms of texture, alkalinity and presence of heavy metals in the soil to access the anticipated impacts from the proposed project. Soil samples have been collected using auger from a depth of 60 cm from the project site and adjoining locations. As per IS , the area of the site has been classified as volcanic rocks and minor basic intrusive. The general area of the project consists mostly of nearly horizontal dispersed lava flows of Deccan Trap Basaltic formation of Cretaceous to Eocene age. Layers of Volcanic Brecica overlying the Basaltic formations are commonly encountered in the area. As per IS 1893, the site fall under seismic zone III, which corresponds to a Modified Mercalli Intensity of VII. The basic horizontal seismic coefficient corresponding to this zone is 0.04 g (where g is the gravitational acceleration). No fault lines are known to occur on immediate vicinity of the site Reconnaissance Topographically, the project region exhibits highly arid characteristics supporting very scanty vegetation and a low density of trees and shrubs indicating a very low level of micronutrients on the soil. There exists rocky topsoil with under laying rocky strata Baseline Status Soil samples were collected at 3 locations within 10 km radial distance around the project site. The soil locations list is presented in Table Standard methods were followed for collection and analysis of soil samples for physico-chemical characteristics. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-23

59 TABLE 3.15 SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR SOIL QUALITY MONITORING Sr. No. Sampling Location 1. Navghar 2. Ketkipada 3. Gaimukh gaon 4. Rai villge TABLE 3.16 PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL Sr. Parameters Unit Navghar Ketkipada Gaimukh Rai villge No. gaon 1. PH (10% Solution) 2. Water Holding % Capacity 3. Permeability cm/hr Bulk Density g/cm Moisture % Potassium g/kg Chloride g/kg Total Kjehdal g/kg Nitrogen 9. Available g/kg Phosphorus 10. Boron mg/gm BDL BDL BDL BDL 11. Chromium mg/gm Copper mg/gm PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-24

60 3.8.3 Soil Characteristics Physical characteristics of soil are delineated through specific parameters, viz. particle size distribution, bulk density, porosity and texture. The particle size distribution in terms of percentage of sand, silt and clay in all samples are used to derive predominant soil texture in the study area. It was observed that laterite and rocky is predominant. The site for the proposed project is uneven with rock out crops. The sub soil is hard with rock out crops seen at many places. Bulk density of the soil in the region is found to be gm/cm 3, which is considered as moderately good. The water holding capacity varies between 8-34%. The Physico-chemical characteristics of soil extract prepared from 1:1 soil and water composition are presented in Table It is apparent from Table 3.20 that ph of soil samples are in the range of 6.01 to Soil permeability is in the range of 3.4 cm/hr to 66cm/hr. It was found to be highest at Navghar i.e. 66 cm/hr, whereas in Ketakipada it was 3.5 cm/hr. The heavy metals concentrations observed in soil samples from study area are presented in Table Some of these metals are termed as micronutrients useful for plants growth. The total Kjedahl Nitrogen is in the range of g/kg to g/kg. Potassium content in the soil is in the range of g/kg, where as available phosphorous varies between g/kg to g/kg. 3.9 ECOLOGY AND BIO-DIVERSITY Terrestrial Ecology Proposed project is located on the western coast near Tarapur industrial area. The forests in the study area can be grouped under the following types: Tropical Southern moist teak bearing forests. Tropical Southern moist mixed deciduous forests. Western sub-tropical hill forests. Mangrove scrub forests. Tropical Southern moist teak bearing Forests: Major part of the forests comprises of this type. Within this main type considerable local variations in composition and quality of crop are observed. These variations are due to the edaphic factor in some cases but in majority of PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-25

61 them, the other factor like topography, biotic influences, and past treatment are responsible for such variations. This association is mostly found in the Bhatane Palghar range on the foothills of the Western Ghats. The soil is shallow and poor in humus content. The Ain and Bonda are the most common species in these forests in the study area. The other species associated are Kakad, Shemat, Kuda and Takla but their proposition is not much. Undergrowth is sparse, while climbers are rare. The Western Sub-Tropical Hill Forests: This type is found on the higher slopes of the Western Ghats on the Gambhirgad hills in Udhava. The area is exposed to strong winds with the result that the height growth of the trees is poor except in the valleys. It is a semi evergreen type of forest with many evergreen species in the over wood and with Underwood and under growth almost exclusively of evergreen species. The floristries are as under. Common species observed in the project area includes Mango (Mangifera Indica), Karanj (Pongania pinnata), Kokam (Garcinia indica), Jambul (Syzygium cumini), Shisham (Dalbergia latifolia), Asana (Brideliaretusa), Hirda (Terminalia chebula), Beheda (Terminalia belerica), Bher Jambhul etc; Five local types may be distinguished for the purposes of description of the forest and its management. The following forest types are observed in the study area. Teak forests Ain forests Mixed forests Babul Forests Casuarina Forests The poorest quality of forests is found in forests situated adjacent or in proximity of villages and developing large townships. Forests in such areas have been subjected to great pressure by surrounding populations. Some hillocks which are very near to the townships have become barren lands and denuded of vegetation completely. Where the forests have been subjected to the heavy pressure of tahal lopping, non-teak species have disappeared. There is almost pure Teak in such areas but of very poor quality owing to the constant exposure of soil and lack of humus. In areas where grazing is heavy and such is the case of the entire accessible tract, natural regeneration and advance growth are absent. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-26

62 Teak Forest: The forests having more than 20% of Teak in over wood are called as Teak forests. On deep, rich and well drained soil, most valuable species economically i.e. the teak occur and forms about 20 to 30 % of the crop. On poorer sites with shallow soils and particularly in areas which are subjected to frequent fires and severe damages due to hacking etc., the proportion of teak is more than 50 % but the growth is not so good. Almost pure teak forests are confined to Teak plantations, but most of them have been cut on account illegal tree felling. On better sites, the associates of teak are valuable timber species like Ain, Khair Hed, Kalam, Bibla etc. are found. However, in poorer sites, associates are drier species like Dhavada, Kakad, Shemal etc. Ain Forest: The forests having more than 50 % of Ain over wood are called as 'Ain forests'. In part of the areas, Ain accounts are more than 50 % of the crop. This forest type is very common in woodland or even in reserve forest where areas have been largely used for cultivation. This type occurs, on almost all malki land near woodlands and reserve forest. The occurrence of the species in cultivated area and encroachments indicates that the species has capability of surviving against the injuries or increased opressure, probably owing to its high coppicing power in the earlier stages and its suitability to the edaphic, climatic and other ecological or environmental conditions existing in this tract. Mixed Forest: The forests with less than 20 % teak and none of the species being more than 50 % would be called as mixed forest. This type of the forest has low proportion of teak in the crop. It occurs in the areas which have not been subjected to adverse effects of biotic factors like fires, grazing, over grazing, hacking etc. This forest occurs in the more moist areas like nalla banks and shaded valleys. Casuarina Forests: This forest type consists of the plantations of Casuarina equisitifolia (Suru) along the sea coast in Palghar, Dahanu and Bordi Ranges of the Division. These are pure Suru plantations and have no Underwood or undergrowth, whereas, older plantations are very successful and have been harvested in the past. These forests are also important from aesthetic point of view as they form good shelterbelts on the coast. Babul Forest: This type occurs in narrow strip along the Vaitarna River. Babul was raised artificially by sowing of seeds. The area is flat and has deep loamy soil. Almost pure crop of Babul was reported to be occurring as a result of regeneration efforts in the distant past. The crop is reported to have been regularly harvested. However, at present most of the areas PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-27

63 under this forest type are blank and efforts for regeneration have not been made. The list of common reported floral species in the study area is given in Table TABLE 3.17: LIST OF COMMON PLANTS OCCURRING IN THE PROJECT AREA Common Name Ain Alu Ashi Amba Amati (Wavding) Apta Asana Arjunsadada Athroon (Kakar-Bhekal) Avali Babul Bel Bakula Bava (Bhava) Beheda Bhendi Bhokar (Shelute) Bhutkesh (Lawsat) Bhitia (Alan or Bhutaksha) Biba Bibla Bondara Bor Chambuli Chera Chinch Trees Scientific Name Terminalia tomentosa Meyna laxiflora Morinda tinctoria Mangiferia indica Embelica robusta Bauhinia racemosa Brideli aretusa Terminalia arjuna Flacourtia ramontchi Emblica officinalis Acacia Arabica Aegle marmelos Mimusops elengi Cassia fistula Terminalia belerica Thespesia populnea Cordia dichotoma Mussaenda frondosa Elaeodendron glaucum Semecarpus anacardium Pterocarpus marsupium Lagerstroemia parviflora Ziziphus jujube Bauhinia vahlii Erinocarpus nimmoanus Tamarindus indica PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-28

64 Common Name Dandoshi Daiwas (Dahivel) Datir Dhaman Dhavada Gela Gol Hed Hirda Humb Jambul Kalamb Kadvai Katekumbhal Kavath Khair Khavas Kinhai Kirmira SHRUBS Adulsa Dhaiti Ghaneri Ghaypat Gultata Kanfuti Kaladhotra Karvandi HERBS Anantmul (Upalasari or Indian sarsaparilla) Scientific Name Dalbergia lanceolaria Cordia macleodii Ficus heterophylla Grewia tiliaefolia Anogeissus latifolia Randia dumatorum Trema orientalis Adina cordifolia Terminalia chebula Saccopetalum tomentosum Syzgium cuminii Stephegyne parvifolia Hymenodicatyon excelsum Sideroxylon tomentosum Limmonia acidissima Acacia catechu Sterculia colorata Albizzia procera Casearia tomentosa Adhatoda zeylanica Woodfordia floribunda Lantana camara Agave Americana Lantana alba Flemigia strobiligera Datura fastuosa Carrissa carandas Hemidesmus indicus PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-29

65 Common Name Bhigguli Burada Chikata Dinda Litchi (Van-bhendi) Papadi Rankel Ranhalad or sholi Rankanda Sarp mukha Sonki Tarota or Takala Vikhara talimkhana Alai/Alsi Bhuikohala Chilhari Gunj Gulvel (Amarvel) Kanguni Kantjaruel Kuhili Phulsun Sakalvel Ukshi Valbiwala Watvel Wagati Wag, Govinsi Bundhi or cher Scientific Name Indigoferaenn eaphylla Blumea lacera Desmodium palchellum Leea macrophylla Urena lobata Pavetta tomentosa Musa superb Curcuma aromatic Scilla indica Tephrosia purpurea Senecio graham Cassia tora Hygrophila amicularis CLIMBERS Dalbergia volubilis Impomoea digitata Caesalpinia sepiaria Abrus precatorius Tinospora cordifolia Celastrus paniculata Capparis sepiara Mucuna pruriens Spatholobus roxburghii Ventilago madraspatana Calycopteris floribunda Milletia recemosa Cocculus macrocarpus Wagatea spicata Capparis zeylanica BAMBOOS Oxytenanthera monostigma PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-30

66 Common Name Manvel Padhai or katas Ber Bhale Kusal Bhongrut (Phuleraphul) Bhuri Boru Chirika Dongari gavat Ghanya Gondvel Harali (Durva) Kunda Kothar Kusali Lavhala Marvel Pavnya Phool Rosha Sheda Scientific Name Dendrocalamus strictus Bambusa arundianacea GRASSES Ischaemum rugosum Heteropogon triticus Themeda quadrivalvis Aristida paniculata Andropogon Eragrostis tremula Chrysopogon fulvu Bothriochloa pertusa Andropogon pumilis Cynodon dactylon Ischaemum pilosum Woodrowia diandra Heteropogon contortus Mnesithea laevis Dichanthium annulatum Schima sulcatum Themeda triandra Cymbopogon schoenanthus Schima nervosum The project is being proposed on sea coast and there is no acquisition of private or forest land. There is no mangrove vegetation in the study area and no National Park or Wild Life Sanctuary in the study area. Fauna Proposed project is located on the western coast near Tarapur industrial area, which forms part of the Dahanu Forest Division. The wild life population in the Dahanu Forest Division is dwindling due to increased biotic pressure on their habitat. The major wild life species reported in the project area are given in the Table PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-31

67 TABLE 3.18: MAJOR WILD LIFE SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE PROJECT AREA Common Name Striped Hyena Wild Boar Common Langur Barking Deer Mouse Deer Indian Crocodile Common Garden Lizard Common Indian Monitor Common Wolf Snake Common Red Snake Common Indian Krait Indian Cobra Russell's Viper Litle Grebe Little Cormorant Purple Heron Smaller Egret Lesser Whisting Teal Common Pochard Ferruginous Duck Pariah Kite Shikra Indian White backed Vulture Grey Jungle Fowl White breasted Waterhen Pheasanttailed Jacana Redwattled Lapwing Scientific Name Mammals Hyaena hyaena Sus scrofa Presbytis entellus Muntiacus muntjak Tragulus meminna Reptiles Crocodilus Pallustris Calotes versicolor Varanus bengalensisis Lycodon aulicus Ptyas mucosus Bungarus caeruleus Naja naja Daboia russellia Avi Fauna Tachybaptus rujicollis Phalacrocorax niger Ardea purpurea Egretta inrermedia, Dendrocygna javanica Aythya ferina Aythya nyroca Milvus niigrans Accipiter badius Gyps bengalensis GalIus sonneratti Atnaurornis phoenicurus Hydrophasianus chirurgus Vanellus indicus PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-32

68 Common Name Common Greenshank Blue Rock Pigeon Indian Ring Dove Spotted Dove Emerald Dove Roseringed Parakeet Blossom headed Parakeet Scientific Name Tringa nebularia Columba livia Streptopelia decaocto Streptopelia chonensis Chalcophaps indica Psittacula krameri Psittacula cyanocephala Marine Ecology Biological characteristics of a water body are very important, since they determine the productivity of the aquatic ecosystem. Primary productivity is the most important biological phenomenon in nature on which the entire diverse array of life depends either directly or indirectly. It involves trapping of the radiant energy of the sun and its transformation into high potential biochemical energy through the process of photosynthetic activities using inorganic materials of low potential energy. It also helps in measuring the ability of an area to support a biological population and sustain a level of growth and respiration. Fish production is dependent on zooplanktons, which in turn are dependent on the phytoplankton. As a part of the EIA study, a detailed marine ecological survey was conducted in the project area. The survey involved the collection and analysis of marine water and sediment samples for the biological parameters like zooplanktons, phytoplankton and benthic fauna of the project area. Phytoplankton Phytoplankton is the chlorophyll bearing microscopic organisms which produce organic carbon through photosynthesis. The density and abundance of phytoplankton can be used as an indicator of the primary productivity of an aquatic ecosystem. Phytoplankton is very sensitive to pollution and responds quickly to environmental changes. The abundance and density of phytoplankton depends on the level of nutrient and light penetration. The zooplanktons feed on phytoplankton and their survival is also directly dependent on the standing crop of the phytoplankton. Zooplankton in turn is fed by the larvae juveniles and fishes and other benthic organisms in aquatic ecosystems. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-33

69 The dominant species observed during sampling were Astermophalus spp, Chaetoceros decipens, Cyclotella spp., Peridinium spp., Streptotheca thamensi, and Thalassiosira spp. Zooplankton Zooplanktons are microscopic free floating organisms which constitute an important link between primary producer and consumer of higher order in the aquatic food chain. Therefore, the population dynamics of zooplanktons represent the physico-chemical and biological conditions of water. The dominant species like Copepod spp., Lamellibranchs, Decapod larvae, and Polychaetes were found in the sampling locations during the study period. Benthos Benthos is a collective term referred to the organisms lying in or associated with aquatic sediment comprising bacteria, plants and animals from almost all phyla. Benthic fauna have been found to play a significant role in the trophic network, as they utilise all forms of food material available in the sea-bed or estuarine base and form an important link in the transfer of energy. Another important aspect of the benthic studies is the effect of the pollution on the standing crop and productivity. Abiotic relationship of benthos especially with the sedimentological features has explained most of the fluctuations in benthic abundance. The macro-benthos and meio-benthos observed in the sediments at sampling location during premonsoon season Fisheries The prevailing fishery status of the region around project area was evaluated based on data collected from Department of Fisheries, Government of Maharashtra. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-34

70 TABLE NO.19: MAJOR FISHES FOUND IN PROJECT SITE S. No. Name of Species Common name 1. Harpadon nehereus Bombay duck 2. Caridea Shrimps 3. Anchoviella Mandelli 5. Pampus argenteus Pomphret 6. Lepturacanthus Saval Ribbon fish, Wakti 7. Clarias gariepinus Cat fish, Shingada 8. Protonibea Diacanthus Ghol 9. Thrissocles Mustached Anehovy(Kati) 10. Scomberomorus guttatus Surmai 11. Rastrelliger kanagurta Bangda 3.10 REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT Since this development is on the main land where is no R & R applicable for this project. There are no encroachments on the site and therefore there is no displacement and rehabilitation for the project MANGROVE RESTORATION PLAN The project site being located near the creek side, some area of mangroves is like to get disturbed. However the project area shows very sparse mangroves around it some mangroves that will get affected will be due to the approach road to the site. A buffer area of 2m will be left around the site to ensure minimum damage. The mangrove plants that will be affected will be replanted or transplanted to suitable sites in the nearby area. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-35

71 FIG 3.7: MANGROVE REPLANTATION SITES Mangrove replantation sites PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 3-36

72 CHAPTER 4-SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4.1 INTRODUCTION The description of Socio-Economic Aspect is an integral part of any Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study. The study covered as a part of the EIA study is the area within 10 km of the project site which was demarcated as per the guidelines of the MoEFCC. The study area map is enclosed as Figure 3.10 in previous chapter. There is no private land acquisition in the project; hence, there will be no project affected families. 4.2 GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF VASAI TALUKA Vasai Taluka is a part of Thane district in Maharashtra. Geographically it is situated between East to Latitudes and North to Longitudes. On the eastern side there is Bhiwandi and Wada Taluka and on the west is the Arabian Sea. On the north the Vaitarna River separates Vasai Taluka from Palghar Taluka and on the south it is separated from Thane main land by the Vasai creek. Vasai has two small sea ports, one at Arnala in the north and the second at Vasai in the south. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-1

73 4.1 DEMOGRAPHIC FEATURES OF VASAI TALUKA 4.3 DEMOGRAPHIC STATUS OF VASAI TALUKA Population The population of Vasai Taluka as per 2011 census was 13,42,134. The urban population of Vasai Virar city was 1,221,233 of which 6,49,535 were males and 5,71,698 females. Its rural population was 1,20,901 of which 61,562 were males and 59,339 were females. As per Census India report on 2011, sex ratio of Vasai Virar city was 880 per 1000 males. Compared to India s sex ratio (940 females per 1000 males as per 2011 census) this ratio was less. But compared to the average sex ratio of Thane district (857 females per 1000 males) it was high. Comparative population of Vasai Taluka according to 2001 and 2011 census is shown in Table 3.2. It revealed that number of households has increased from 91,000 to 2,96,118. The total population has increased from 7,65,863 to 13,42,134. The urban area of Vasai Taluka is growing rapidly. The population growth was higher in urban area compared to rural area. In rural area it was found that population has reduced to 1,20,901 from 2,77,262 while that of urban area has increased to 12,21,233 from 5,18,601. The male female ratio has shown slight improvement i.e. from 880 females in 2001 to 887 females per 1000 males in PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-2

74 TABLE NO. 4.1: COMPARATIVE POPULATION OF VASAI Particulars 2001 census 2011 census* Gram panchayat Families 91,000 2,96,118 Population 7,65,863 13,42,134 Rural 2,77,262 1,20,901 Female 1,30,634 59,339 Male 1,46,628 61,562 Urban 5,18,601 12,21,233 Female 2,41,919 5,71,698 Male 2,76,682 6,49,535 Male-Female ratio Source: 2001: GOI census commission, 2011: Tehsil office, Vasai, * Provisional Literacy Rate Literacy rate is an important indicator of economic and human development of the area. In education field, the average literacy rate of urban area i.e. Vasai Virar city is remarkable. It was % of which male and female literacy was % and % respectively. The rural literacy rate was % whereas male literacy rate was % and female was %. Compared to India s literacy rate which was found to be 74.04% according to 2011 census Vasai Taluka s literacy rate was much higher. TABLE NO. 4.2: VASAI TALUKA S LITERACY RATE Details Total Male Female Urban Population 12,21,233 6,49,535 5,71,698 Rural population 1,20,901 61,562 59,339 Total population 13,42,134 71,1097 6,31,037 Urban literacy rate Rural literacy rate Average sex ratio Child sex ratio Source: Tehsil office Vasai Poverty A special survey was conducted during 2002 to 2007 to study poverty status of Village Panchayats of Vasai Taluka. Table 3.5 shows poverty details of the same. The total PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-3

75 households in all village panchayats were classified into two categories i.e. Above Poverty Line (APL) families and Below Poverty Line (BPL) families. The data revealed that of total 63,123 families, majority i.e. 50,783 households were in APL group and 12,340 households were BPL families. There were 19.55% of the families that were below poverty line. It was the second lowest in the district. The average poverty of Thane district was recorded as 45.08%. The standard of living of villages was found to be comparatively better. This was due to availability of local employment in primary and secondary sectors. This region is connected to Mumbai city by western railway line. Therefore many people daily travel to city for work. TABLE 4.3-POVERTY DETAILS Nos. of Villages Panchayat Total Nos. of Families Total Nos. of APL Families Total Nos. of BPL Families 72 63,123 50,783 12, Religious history Vasai has always been the largest contributor of scholars for the Vedic Religion, Jain- Buddhist sects and priests to the Bombay Archdiocese. This place is known for one of the four famous sarovars, Nirmal Sarovar of Vedic religion called Mahasmashan during times of Lord Parashurama. It was one of the 84 Gacchas of Jains. It was the centre of learning for the Maitreya Buddhist sect. The sacred place with three tombs each of 5 th, 7 th and 38 th Jagadguru Shankaracharyas namely Vidyaranya Swami, Padmanabha Tirtha Swami, and Narayan Upendra Swami were in this region. The diocese has also contributed India's First Catholic saint St. Gonsalo Garcia. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-4

76 4.4 ECONOMIS STATUS OF VASAI TALUKA Agriculture: Traditionally Vasai was agricultural dominating area along with trading centre. Natives of this region were mostly into fishing, horticulture, farming and industrial area. It had rich agricultural region with rice, betel, plantain, cotton, sugarcane, vegetables and flowers cultivation. Today rural population of Vasai Taluka is engaged in agricultural activities. The main crop grown is Paddy or Rice. Other crops grown are pulses like Wal, Chavali, Urid, Sunflower, Vari, etc. Various fruits and vegetables are grown in this area. Vasai is famous for varieties of banana such as rajeli, tambeli, mutheli and velchi. Dried banana is the speciality of Vasai. Other fruits grown are mangoes, papayas, guavas, watermelon, coconuts etc. Wild fruits like bor, wild berries lychees are grown in forest area of the Taluka. Vegetables like onions, tomatoes, spinach, fenugreek, coriander leaves, cabbage, groud etc. are grown. Flowers like mogra, juhi, kagda, roses etc. are grown in this area. According to 2001 census the total cropped area was 73,300 ha of which 12,200 ha was paddy cropping land, 3,000 ha was used for pulses production, 13,000 ha was for vegetables and fruits production. The area under forest cover was 21,800 ha, 2,200 ha was follow land, 18,300 ha was cultivable area and 55 ha land was well irrigated area and there were 9,000 total wells TABLE NO. 4.4: TOTAL CULTIVATED LANDS IN HECTARES Particulars 2001 census Total cropped area Cropping paddy Pulses 3000 Vegetable/fruits Forest land Follow land 2200 Cultivable area Well irrigated area 55hec Wells Industries PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-5

77 There are many factories coming up in eastern part of Vasai. Many multinationals have started their business in different parts of Vasai. Valiv is industrially developed area along with small industrial pockets near Virar, Vasai and Nallasopara. The major industries in the area are chemicals, electronics, pharmaceutical, plastic, printing press, spare parts, salt pans, artificial fibres, textiles, paints, edible items etc. There is many small scale as well as large scale industries in Taluka. Apart from this many small entrepreneurs and especially women entrepreneurs are emerging in interior parts of Vasai Marine activities: Vasai Taluka has big coastal region on its west, Vaitarna river is on the north and on south is Vasai creek. Fishery is one of the major economic activity of the people located at coastal region of Taluka. There are many salt pans in this area. Counch shells are also obtained in the sea Mineral resources: Various minerals are found in Vasai Taluka. Bauxite deposits are found in the Tungar hills. Sand is found in bed of Ulhas creek used for construction. There is Black rock called Basalt in Vasai. There are mineral oil fields located in the sea Trade: Vasai was well known trading centre since Portugal period. The town of Sopara was the centre of the Indian ocean trade. Trade was conducted from this port to Srilanka and also to the Arab land. But this harbour has been silted up and trade shifted to Vasai. The trade included horses, fish, salt, timber, and quarried basalt and granite. In pre-independence period Vasai was known for its bettle leaves i.e. Pan exports to Pakistan. This export activity came to end in post independence period. The place has further prospered in other agri produce exchange like bananas and flowers. With industrialisation various businesses developed in Taluka. Today trade in Vasai comprises of agricultural as well as industrial products catering local, regional, state, national and international markets too Transport: The National Highways passing through the Taluka are Mumbai-Pune-Bangalore; Mumbai- Agra; and Mumbai-Ahmedabad-Delhi. Several important state highways also pass through the PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-6

78 Taluka. Around 65% of the total inhabited villages covering 77% of the rural population have access to transport services. The first electric locomotives of Bombay Baroda and Central Indian Railway started operating on two tracks between Borivali and Virar stations in There are four railway stations on the Mumbai Suburban Railway viz. Naigaon, Vasai Road, Nallasopara and Virar. There are two small sea ports in Taluka one at Arnala in the north and the other at Vasai in the south Civic administration: The present administration process of Vasai Taluka is looked after by Municipal Corporation and the Gram panchayats. There is ongoing fight among the villagers and the system. The Vasai-Virar Municipap Corporation (VVMC) was formed on 3 July 2009 by amalgamating four Municipal Councils: Vasai, Nallasopara, Navghar-Manikpur and Virar along with another 53 adjoining village panchayats. The VVMC comprised 89 wards at the time of formation in Although, 53 village panchayats were merged to form the Vasai-Virar Municipal Corporation, 49 village panchayats opposed it. Later, following protests, the Maharashtra state government agreed to exclude 35 village panchayats from the VVMC, and on 21 st April 2011, after further protests, 29 village panchayats were excluded by the government. But simultaneously, it also decided to add two more village panchayats, to the VVMC Educational status: Average literacy rate of Vasai city is remarkable. It was percent recorded in 2011 census, of which male and female literacy was 94.86% and 86.90% respectively. This high rate of education is due to number of educational institutions in the Taluka. Table 3.8 shows details of educational institutions in Vasai. There were 213 Zilla parishad schools along with 80 private schools. There are two ashram schools and three part time schools. It had 37 junior colleges, six degree colleges, four D.Ed. colleges, two B. Ed. Colleges, two ITI colleges, one Art College and three Engineering colleges. The contribution of Christian missionaries in educational development in early period of this region was significant. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-7

79 TABLE 4.5- EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN VASAI TALUKA Sr. no. Type of institution Frequency 1 Primary schools (Z.P.) Private schools 80 3 Ashram schools 02 4 Part time schools 03 5 Junior colleges 37 6 Degree colleges 06 7 D.Ed colleges 04 8 B.Ed colleges 02 9 ITI colleges Art college 01 Engineering colleges 03 Source: Panchyat Samiti Vasai (BDO office- 2011) Medical facilities: The Taluka has a network of government-run health facilities consisting of the district hospital, with rural hospitals and primary health centres, sub-centres and dispensaries providing basic healthcare to the rural population. Around 16% of the villages had these primary health facilities covering 35% of the rural population. It had 1.18 beds per 1,000 persons in urban medical institutions. There was one government blood bank. Along with these there were large numbers of private hospitals and dispensaries providing medical facilities to people. TABLE 4.6 : HOSPITALS IN VASAI TALUKA Sr. no. Types Frequency 1 Zilla parishad hospital 01 2 Primary health centres 08 3 Sub centres 38 4 Blood bank 01 Source: Panchayat Samiti Vasai (BDO office-2011) Social development indicators: PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-8

80 Human Development Index (HDI) is an important indicator of development of the country. Social indicators in this index play an important role. Table 3.10 shows social indicators of Vasai Taluka based on 2001 census. It revealed that the population under BPL was 19 percent, the infant mortality rate was 11%, maternal mortality rate was 0.3 percent, birth rate was 17.3 percent and death rate was 3.4 percent. The indicator status of Taluka at general level was better considerably. TABLE 4.7: SOCIAL INDICATORS Social indicators 2001 Below poverty line 19% Infant mortality rate (IMR) 11 Maternal mortality rate 0.3 Birth rate 17.3 Death rate CONCLUSION Vasai Taluka is enriched with beauty of nature and culture. On its east are beautiful green mountains with waterfall and in west is Arabic sea. Historical sites, landscapes, the greenery and pleasant climate is an add on advantage of the vicinity. There is continuous growth in population. The cities are growing rapidly. The rise in population was due to large numbers of migrants from nearby urban area. Where urban areas showed rising trends while the growth trend of rural areas has declined. The population of Vasai Taluka is divided into several castes and ethnic communities. They stay together in peace and harmony. Vasai comprises of agricultural as well as industrial sector along with progressive service sector. There has been tremendous development visible in Vasai. It is recognised as wealthy agricultural region and industrially developed area. The standard of living of villages was found to be comparatively better. High employment status, less number of people under poverty line, remarkable literacy rate, higher participation in economic activities and social indicators show progress and prosperity of Vasai Taluka. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-9

81 Figure 3.2 Map of Vasai Taluka PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 4-10

82 CHAPTER 5-IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 5.1 INTRODUCTION Based on the project details and the baseline environmental status, potential impacts that are expected to accrue as a result of the proposed project have been identified. The assessment for quite a few disciplines is subjective in nature and cannot be quantified. Wherever possible, the impacts have been quantified. However, for non-tangible impacts, a qualitative assessment has been done so as to formulate appropriate management measures for them as well. This Chapter deals with anticipated positive as well as negative impacts due to the construction and operation of the proposed passenger jetty, boat repair yard and water sports centre at Mauje Versave. As a part of the study, impacts on various aspects of environment have been assessed. The impacts have been categorized for construction as well as operation phases. 5.2 IMPACT DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Construction activities normally spread over pre-construction, preparatory construction, machinery installation and commissioning stages and end with the induction of manpower and startup. Pre-construction phase basically involves completion of all legal formalities with respect to the No Objection Certificates from the various statutory bodies, surveys / studies required, acquisition of land, settlement of all issues related to compensation, if any, finalization of contract for procurement of machinery / equipments, recruitment and hiring of requisite skilled, semi-skilled manpower and labour, provision of space and other facilities like water supply, disposal of wastewater and solid waste etc. on temporary basis for the contracted labor to be employed and provision for storage of machinery and materials to be used for construction. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-1

83 Preparatory construction phase mainly consists of transportation of machinery, equipments and materials to the site for construction, clearing and leveling of land, construction of foundations, buildings and approach roads. Machinery installation and commissioning in involve activities like fabrication work, cutting, welding and construction of buildings and other facilities, lying of cables and pipelines etc Air Quality Ambient air quality at all the sites was monitored for baseline conditions. The results are already presented in the report. Looking in to the results it is estimated that air quality may not be further deteriorated due to development of this project. The project will certainly ensure better air quality due to its activities. This is ascertained due to the fact, that the project will promote proper planning of traffic management, monitoring of air quality, use of better and cleaner fuel etc. that will have certain positive impact. There will be certainly enhancement in the air quality due to this project. This has been confirmed from the traffic studies also, and increased traffic volumes but use of cleaner fuel and advent of international standards and diversion of traffic through marine environment, it will certainly have positive impacts. Impacts on air quality due to construction activities The major pollutant in the construction phase is SPM being air-borne due to various construction activities. The vehicular movement generates pollutants such as NOx, CO and HC. But, the vehicular pollution is not expected to lead to any major impacts. The fugitive emissions due to vehicular movement will be 8 to 12 kg/km travelled by the vehicle. The soils in the project area are sandy in texture, and are likely to generate substantial quantities of dust. However, the fugitive emissions generated due to vehicular movement are not expected to travel beyond a distance of 200 to 300 m. The windblown dust is also likely to be substantial, especially during the summer months. Since, there is no habitation in the vicinity of the site the major impact on air environment during the construction phase is not expected to be significant as far as air pollution is concerned. The combustion of diesel in various construction equipments could be one of the possible sources of incremental air pollution during the construction phase. Thus, the operation of construction equipment is not expected to have any major impact on the ambient air quality as a result of the project. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-2

84 Transportation of construction material Vehicular movement from the transportation of construction material in the area is likely to increase temporarily during the construction period. However in the operation phase, the increased traffic will have very little impact due to the improved infrastructure and road network. During construction phase, there will be increased vehicular movement. Lot of construction material like sand, fine aggregate are stored at various sites, during the project construction phase. Normally, due to blowing of winds, especially when the environment is dry, some of the stored material can get entrained in the atmosphere. However, such impacts are visible only in and around the storage sites. The impacts on this account are generally, insignificant in nature. The increase in vehicular density is not expected to significant. In addition, these ground level emissions do not travel for long distances. Thus, no major adverse impacts are anticipated on this account. MITIGATION MEASURES A vegetative cover at both ends of the project and also along internal roads will certainly reduce the air pollution. This vegetation cover will also act as a barrier for any penetration of air quality and odor in the nearby area. Approach roads will be covered with green belt on both the sides to avoid any air quality problems to the nearby residents. Road Furniture/Signboards will be put along the approach roads and at project building requesting motorists to avoid idling or/and stoppage of the vehicles at non-designated places Land environment The main impact on land environment is on account of acquisition of land. Pre-construction activities generally do not cause significant damage to environment. Preparatory activities like the use of existing access road, construction of storage sheds, staff quarters, etc. being spread over a large area, would have no further significant impact once the land is acquired and its existing use changes. Clearing, stripping and leveling the sites, construction of bunds PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-3

85 for protection from flooding, earth filling and excavation for foundations, will lead to some improvement of the habitat Water environment The water body situated in the project area is the Vasai creek. Construction activities can have a significant impact on the physicochemical parameters of the water. Substantial quantities of water would be used in the construction activities. With regard to water quality, waste water from construction activities and runoff from construction site would mostly contain suspended impurities. Also, a large quantity of construction material like stones, pebbles, gravel and sand would be needed for construction. All the reclamation material available in the sea/creek bed would be used. It is proposed to extract reclamation material from borrow areas in the sea/creek bed. The extraction of these materials may affect the marine water quality due to increase in the turbidity levels. The cumulative impact of all the above operations is increase in turbidity levels. During construction phase, about 60 nos. workers are likely to work for the project site. Thus there will be generation of effluent from the labor camp. This can cause contamination of adjacent water body. Increased suspended sediments can affect young fish, if suspended sediments become trapped in their gills increased fatalities of young fish have been observed in highly turbid water. Adult fish are likely to move away from or avoid areas of high suspended solids, such as dredging sites, unless food supplies are increased as a result of increases in organic material. The increase in turbidity could marginally affect the fisheries in the area. The increase in turbidity results in a decrease in the depth that light is able to penetrate the water column which may affect submerged plants, by temporarily reducing productivity and growth rates. MITIGATION MEASURES Storm water drainage will be provided along the project area. Drainage facilities throughout the project area will be supplied to avoid any public health nuisance. During construction all the care will be taken to avoid any water body issues. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-4

86 Drainage arrangements are suggested in tune with the site conditions in the form of drainage layer, longitudinal, cross, chute, toe and sub-surface drains in the full width of formation or below the shoulder so as to keep the pavement well drained. Adequate care should be taken so that excess suspended solids in the wastewater are removed before discharge into water body. The effluent is proposed to be treated by collecting the waste water and runoff from construction sites and treating the same in settling tanks. All materials would be dumped inside a properly constructed containment embankment (to be used as stacking area), thereby reducing the turbidity levels in the open sea area Noise Quality Once the construction phase is over noise quality will be further improved and will be limited only at certain points within project area. There will not be any noise pollution on the approach roads due to decongestion. The approach road will be of high quality and broad, which will not have impact on increase in noise levels. The principle source of noise along the project area is expected from vehicles. Since there is smooth movement without any obstruction and proper dispersion, there will not be any increase in the noise levels. However, noise levels on the existing roads are expected to be reduced considerably. Noise due to operation of construction equipments The major sources of noise during construction phase are due to operation of various construction equipments. The noise levels generated by various construction equipments are given in Table 5.3. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-5

87 TABLE 5.1: AVERAGE NOISE LEVELS GENERATED BY THE OPERATION OF VARIOUS CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS Equipment Noise level (db(a)) Floating pontoon with mixer machine and 70 crane Winch machine 80 Transit mixer 75 Dumpers 75 Generators 85 Batching plant 90 Dredger 85 Booster pumps 85 Under the worst case scenario, considered for prediction of noise levels during construction phase, it has been assumed that equipment required during construction phase is operating at a common point. Likewise, to predict the worst case scenario, attenuation due to various factors too has not been considered during noise modeling. Modeling studies were conducted to assess the increase in noise level due to operation of various construction equipments, and the results of this exercise are given in Table 5.4.It would be worthwhile to mention here that in absence of the data on actual location of various construction equipments, all the equipment have been assumed to operate at a common point. This assumption leads to over-estimation of the increase in noise levels. Also, it is a known fact that there is a reduction in noise level as the sound wave passes through a barrier. Walls of various houses or other structure will attenuate at least 30 db (A) of noise. In addition there is noise attenuation due to the following factors. Air absorption Rain Atmospheric in-homogeneities Vegetal cover Thus, no increases in noise levels are anticipated as a result of various activities, during the project construction phase due to the following: PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-6

88 Assumption that all equipment are operating from a common point leads to overestimation of increase in noise level Attenuation of 30 db(a) of noise by wall of any structure Noise attenuation due to various factors. Noise due to increased vehicular movement During construction phase, there will be significant increase in vehicular movement for transportation of construction material. At present, there is no vehicular movement near the barrage site. During construction phase, the increase in vehicular movement is expected to increase up to a maximum of 5 to 6 trucks/hour.. TABLE 5.2: INCREASE IN NOISE LEVELS DUE TO INCREASED VEHICULAR MOVEMENT Increase in Increase in noise Noise levels due ambient noise Ambient level due to to increased Distance level due to noise level increased vehicular (m) increased db (A) vehicular movement db vehicular movement db (A) (A) movement db (A) As mentioned earlier, there will be significant attenuation due to various factors, e.g. absorption by construction material, air absorption, atmospheric inhomogeneties, and vegetal cover. Thus, no significant impact on this account is anticipated. Appropriate measures have been suggested as a part of Environmental Management Plan (EMP) report to minimize impacts on wildlife. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-7

89 Noise generated due to drilling The noise levels monitored at a 10 m distance from the source and operator s cabin is given in the Table 5.3. TABLE 5.3: NOISE GENERATED DUE TO DRILLING Equipment Noise level at source db (A) Standing idle (inside cabin) Standing idle (10 m radius) On load (inside cabin) On load (10 m radius) The noise levels during various construction activities have been compared to various standards prescribed by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA), which are being implemented in our country through rules framed under Factories Act. It can be observed (Refer Table 5.6) that for 8 hour duration, equivalent noise level exposure should be less than 90 db (A). Impacts of noise on labour The effect of high noise levels on the operating personnel has to be considered as this may be particularly harmful. It is known that continuous exposures to high noise levels above 90 db(a) affects the hearing acuity of the workers/operators and hence, should be avoided. To prevent these effects, it has been recommended by Occupational Safety and Health Administration (OSHA) that the exposure period of affected persons is limited (Table 5.4). TABLE 5.4: MAXIMUM EXPOSURE PERIODS SPECIFIED BY OSHA Maximum equivalent Unprotected exposure period per day for 8 continuous hrs/day and 5 days/week Noise level db(a) PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-8

90 110 ½ 115 ¼ 120 No exposure permitted at or above this level MITIGATION MEASURES Noise barriers in terms of thick vegetation cover wherever required will be used for attenuation of noise. Signboards will be put along the approach roads and at terminal building requesting motorists to avoid unusual use of horns and also for avoiding idling noise. Continuous Noise monitoring will be carried out during operational phase to collect comparative data Impacts on cultural/religious/historical monuments No monuments of cultural, religious, historical or archaeological importance are reported in the project area. Thus, no impact on such structures is envisaged Impacts on aquatic ecology There are very few studies on the impact of aquatic noise on the marine animals. The marine animals can sense the noise in the infrasonic range between 5 and 35cycles/second which is much different from the human audible range (20-20,000 cycles/second). Most of the work on noise pollution has been done in the audible frequencies Noise generated by boat movements may interfere with their communication lines. It has been reported that boats movement may scare some of the fishes and their immediate reaction is restricted to avoid the area. However, as soon as the boat passes that area, they return. Therefore, it is apparent that the impact of ship movement on noise levels is purely temporary and may cause only marginal impact on the marine fauna especially fish. Quantification of such impact is not possible mainly because of our lack of knowledge on the effect of noise on fishes and the noise level measurement is carried out in the audible and ultrasonic range. For the land reclamation and to increase the width and depth of the navigation channel dredging would be carried out in the project site. As a result of the dredging, impacts on marine ecology are anticipated. In the areas to be dredged, the existing marine life would be adversely affected. The area to be dredged would, however, small recolonize in short duration PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-9

91 after the cessation of dredging activities. However, these areas would have regular ship traffic, which leads to significant disturbance as compared to the pre-project status. This means that though the dredged stretches are likely to get recolonized, the ecology is not expected to develop upto the pre-project levels. Impacts on benthos and benthic organisms The dredging and dumping generally affect the benthos. These are related to removal of the benthic organisms from the dredging site and burial of benthic organisms at the dumping site. The dredged material takes away most of the benthos along with it and while dumping it most of the organisms present are buried under the deposited material. During dredging operations, the removal of material from the sea bed also removes the animals living on and in the sediments (benthic animals). This will result in reduced number and diversity of benthic organisms at the dumping site. With the exception of some deep burrowing animals or mobile surface animals that may survive a dredging event through avoidance, dredging may initially result in the complete removal of animals from the excavation site. However, benthic fauna did not contain any rare or endangered species and consisted of common species only. It can be expected that these species will colonize within a short time from dislodging. In areas to be covered under maintenance dredging well-developed benthic communities are not expected to occur in or around the area. Since, the significant macro-and meio-fauna is not developed in the area, hence dredging is not expected to lead to significant adverse impacts. Impacts due to settlement of suspended sediments Sediments dispersed during maintenance dredging and disposal may resettle over the seabed and the animals and plants that live on and within it. This blanketing or smothering of benthic animals and plants may cause stress, reduced rates of growth or reproduction and in the worse cases the effects may be fatal. Generally sediments settle within the vicinity of the dredged area, where they are likely to have little effect on the recently disturbed communities, particularly in areas where dredging is a well-established activity. Hence, impacts on this account are not expected to be significant in areas to be covered under maintenance dredging. However, in other areas to be dredged, too, settlement of suspended sediments will be just PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-10

92 after they have been freshly disturbed hence; adverse impacts on this account are not anticipated. Impact on phytoplankton and primary productivity Biomass of phytoplankton depends mainly on the availability of light in nutrient rich waters. Dredging and disposal may lead to increased turbidity and consequent reduction of light penetration for short periods. This may affect primary productivity and plankton biomass. However, turbidity due to dredging and dumping will be observed only in a localised area and only for a very short duration. Hence these impacts are not of any concern. Impacts on fisheries The most important impact on fishes may be suspended solid load or changes in the food chain. The high turbidity due to heavy suspended solid load during dredging or disposal of dredged materials results in clogging of gills of fishes thereby causing asphyxiation. But since fishes are free swimming they very well avoid such areas and move to safer areas. Once the turbidity disperses due to current and wave disturbances, they come back to the area. Due to this capability of the fishes there is virtually no impact on fishes and fisheries by dredging and disposal. The study also did not show the existence of breeding grounds for fisheries Impacts on Land use Pattern of the Area The construction and operation of the project will provide an impetus to the industrialization and urbanization in the area. Thus, some of the agricultural lands are likely to be put to nonagricultural use. Port area would require lot of ancillary developments like shops, restaurant, repair shops, etc. in and around the port area. This will lead to conversion of barren land into commercial use. In some areas, even agricultural land could also be diverted by the locals to avail greater economic opportunities presented as a result of the port development Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment The role of any industrial development is to be evaluated not only by its impact on the ecosystem but also by its contribution to the improvement in the quality of life. Economic benefits of a port are manifold. Both negative and positive impacts are expected during construction phase of the proposed project. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-11

93 5.2.9 Impact on local economy The construction phase would lead to generation of temporary employment opportunities such as requirement of manpower/vessels to trans-ship the materials, ground clearing, road laying works etc. These activities would temporarily increase the income levels of the local population Solid Waste During construction phase, solid waste such as excavated soil, debris, metal waste and oil & grease from construction machines will be generated. This waste may contaminate soil which will be restricted to a small area. Excavated topsoil will be used for backfilling, plantation and as soon as construction is over, all wastes from the site will be cleared with due care, meeting regulatory requirement, if any. During the construction phase, hydraulic oil, fuels and lubricating oils will be used. There is potential for accidental spills while re-fuelling or servicing vehicles and through the breakage due to wear and tear. Procedures for maintenance of equipment will ensure that this risk is minimized and cleanup response is rapid if any spill occurs. During construction phase, waste oil will be generated as and when lubricating oil is changed. Waste oil will be collected through the drain ports and stored in leak proof steel drums. The waste oil drums will be properly identified with label of what is contained both in local language (Marathi) and English. It will be mainly disposed off by selling to appropriate vendors as per Hazardous Waste Management and Handling Rules (2000). Municipal waste will be minimal as most of them belong to local area. The waste so generated will be collected and segregated and will be sent to municipal waste disposal site allocated by the local administrative authorities. Hence impacts will be insignificant, reversible and for short duration only. The impacts will be confined to the construction site only Employment The labor strength engaged in the construction will be about 100 persons depending upon construction activities, since many items of construction are labor intensive. Most of the PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-12

94 unskilled and semi-skilled labor will be by and large available from the nearby villages and towns. Thus, impact on the physical and aesthetic resources will be minimal. Further local skilled, semi skilled and unskilled laborers will get direct and indirect employment during the construction phase. This might also result in a steep rise in agricultural wages in the surrounding villages, especially at the time of harvesting for short duration. Hence, the short-term positive impacts on socio-economic conditions of the area are anticipated during the construction phase. 5.3 IMPACTS DURING PROJECT OPERATION PHASE Air Environment 1. Emergency Power Supply System - Dg Sets To enable the unit to shut down safely during complete A.C supply failure in the station, certain important plant auxiliaries will be provided with a reliable A.C power supply through a separate source. For this purpose, quick starting diesel generator set with automatic mains failure (AMF) will be provided for each unit. The rating of the DG set will be as per requirement. The diesel generator will feed an emergency switch gear, to which all the essential loads such as the A.C emergency bearing lube oil and seal oil pumps, turning gear motor, battery chargers, emergency lights, and essential instrument power supply feeders will be connected. When the normal A.C supply is restored, these essential loads will be manually changed over to the normal power supply. An interconnection will be provided between emergency switchgear of the two units to provide emergency supply to the other unit in case of failure of DG of one unit. Emissions from emergency DG sets have been considered as point source. The major emissions generated from the proposed DG sets are SO 2 and NOx. 2. Emissions-Particulate Matter In the proposed DG Sets, fuel oil will be used and hence very small quantity of dust/soot will be generated during the combustion process. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-13

95 5.3.2 Noise Environment Once the construction phase is over noise quality will be further improved and will be limited only at certain points within project area. There will not be any noise pollution on the approach roads due to decongestion. The approach road will be of high quality and broad, which will not have impact on increase in noise levels due to smooth traffic movement. The principle source of noise along the project area is expected from vehicles. Since there is smooth movement without any obstruction and proper dispersion, there will not be any increase in the noise levels. However, noise levels on the existing roads are expected to be reduced considerably. MITIGATION MEASURES Noise barriers in terms of vegetation cover wherever required will be used for attenuation of noise. Signboards will be put along the approach roads and at terminal building requesting motorists to avoid unusual use of horns and also for avoiding idling noise. Continuous Noise monitoring will be carried out during operational phase to collect comparative data Water Environment Water requirement during operational phase will be very minimal. All the care will be taken to avoid any permanent impact on the water quality during operational phase. The entire sewage generated from the project will be treated properly. No permanent impact is anticipated on water quality due to the project. In addition to this there is also provision for; RAIN (STORM) WATER DRAINAGE The rain (storm) water removed from the building roofs and yard area grade level surfaces will be directed through the open ditches and culverts to the storm drainage piping. All ditches will be concrete lined and located along the roads. All drainage ditches will be located to provide the shortest practical drainage path while providing efficient drainage for the yard. Grade level will be contoured such that storm water runoff will be directed on the ground by sheet flow, to well defined drainage paths leading to the ditches. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-14

96 5.3.4 Land Environment Presently major part of the proposed site consists of hilly area. There is no reserve forest or ecologically sensitive area within 10 km radial distance around proposed project site Solid Waste Management The wastes generated from the project are segregated and disposed of in the scientific manner. The domestic solid waste from the project will be considerable and require proper management plan. Either landfill finally by Municipal Cooperation or will be given to authorized waste handling Socio Economic Environment The proposed plant area is not inhabited, hence will not pose any problems of rehabilitation or resettlement of people. Setting up of proposed project will create certain impacts with beneficial as well as adverse effects on the socio economic environment. The approach for prediction of impacts on socioeconomic component of environment through four methods, i.e. (i) qualitative description, (ii) quantitative description, (iii) application of statistical techniques and (iv) relative comparisons of the effects of alternatives. Application of these methods for impact prediction will vary depending upon the socio-economic profile and specific factors within the population category that might be affected. Qualitative description refers to the approach used by individual professionals or interdisciplinary teams to describe the effects of development based on general knowledge of generic types of impacts and case studies. It is necessary to identify the extent of these impacts for further planning of control measures leading to mitigation of the adverse impacts. The impacts due to proposed project on parameters of human interest (socio-economic) have been assessed in terms of the potential socio-economic impacts due to operation of the proposed project. Critically analyzing the baseline status of the socio-economic profile and visualizing the scenario with the proposed project, the impact on socio-economic component will be of varied nature as summarized below: PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-15

97 5.4 BENEFICIAL IMPACTS The proposed project is expected to generate marginal direct and indirect employment as daily wage labourers will be employed in construction and transportation activities, supply of materials, auxiliary and ancillary works. The project has favorable ranking by majority of the local people and is looked upon as a step for further development of the area. Increase in infrastructure resources due to the proposed project by way of additional transport, communication, recreation facilities and other basic amenities. The civil amenities like market, medical facilities, education, sports/cultural activities likely to improve at the neighboring villages through the community welfare measures. 5.5 ADVERSE IMPACTS During the construction period, there will be short term socio-economic impacts, which include in floating population (contractual labor), marginal strain on civic amenities like drinking water, sanitation, road transport and other facilities to meet work force requirements. The project activity will create unavoidable pollution impact in the area during the construction period (air, noise) The adverse impact due to environmental pollution from the proposed project during operation phase, may be mitigated through necessary precautionary measures in design stage as well as through implementation of proper environmental management plan If comprehensive onsite and offsite disaster management plans are not chalked out through risk assessment and implemented, the likely hazards will cause damage to the socioeconomic environment of the region. It is anticipated that the adverse impacts on parameters of human interest could be mitigated by proper implementation of the control measures indicated in the Environmental Management Plan for the proposed project. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-16

98 5.6 IMPACT/RISK EVALUATION The evaluation of the impacts of the proposed project on the environment both in terms of quality and quantity has been made. The environmental impact evaluation of possible impacts as a result of proposed project activities on various environmental parameters is primarily based on careful study of plant operations, surrounding environment etc. The aspects such as air, water, land, noise and related issues of environment have been assessed on the basis of project operations for similar projects. The environmental impacts identify the possible relationship of proposed project operations with respect to environmental parameters. These relationships can be beneficial or adverse and can be further classified as short term, long term and reversible, irreversible, local or regional. The results indicate a definite positive impact of setting up of proposed project. To summarize, most of the plant activities are not likely to adversely affect the environment quality of area surrounding of the project. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-17

99 Table 5.5: ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES CONSTRUCTION PHASE Sr. No. Environmental Parameters Impact Attributes Degree of Impacts Mitigation Measures Implementing Organization Disturbance in Mild Will be achieved by Promoter through prospective 1 Physiography relief feature systematic planning and designing of the project activities contractor No adverse Mild Will be achieved by Promoter through prospective 2 Land resources impact systematic planning and contractor implementation No adverse Negligible Will be achieved by Promoter through prospective 3 Human impact systematic planning and contractor resources resources No impact Negligible Cutting of larger girth size Promoter, Forestry Dept. involving 4 Ecological anticipated to trees are avoided by suitably NGOs and local people, resources threatened or adjusting the road Flora & Fauna endangered plant alignment, if required. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-18

100 species as well as marine Plantation of trees (at 1:2 ecology in the ratio) will be done with the project activity. indigenous plant species Green strips of native species like Neem, Babul, Coconut, etc. will be generated along the roadsides at selected locations near inhabitants centers. Removal of trees Moderate Loss of vegetation will be Promoter through prospective 5 Environmental & green strips kept minimum as far as contractor aesthetics along the road possible during site values have impacts on clearance. landscape & aesthetic values of the area Removal of Moderate Shifting and elevation of Promoter and local Authority. 6 Utility & utility line like utility lines will be done in PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-19

101 infrastructural electrical poles, consultation with concerned facilities telephone poles, Government Organisations. transformer, HT & LT lines No wells and Negligible Whenever possible, care is Promoter through prospective 7 Sub-surface hand pumps are taken to avoid its relocation contractor hydrology existing in by judicious engineering project area road design 8 Religious places Temporary alternative water sources will be provided in case drinking water means are affected Not much Negligible Systematic planning and Promoter through prospective 9 Geology affected implementation contractor Contamination Mild Installations of lavatory for Promoter through prospective PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-20

102 10 Surface of water from solid wastes and sewage generated due to construction labour camp construction workers at a minimum distance of 200 m from water bodies and provision for composting the domestic refuse contractor Short-term Moderate Trucks carrying soil sand Promoter through Prospective 11 Air quality deterioration of stone, will be covered to Contractor air quality due to avoid spilling generation of fugitive dust. Fugitive dust sources will be sprayed with water to suppress dust. Emissions from vehicles & machinery will be checked regularly & maintained properly to confirm to National and State Emission Standards PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-21

103 Increased noise Mild All the equipments will be Promoter through Prospective 12 Noise level levels due to duly lubricated, maintained Contractor project activities in good working condition to minimize noise levels. Stationary construction equipments will be placed as far as possible from dense habitation. Green belt barrier Provision of protection devices (ear plugs) to be provided to the workers operating in the vicinity of high noise generating machineries. No endangered Negligible Proper care will be taken to Promoter through Prospective 13 Ecological species found maintain eco-balance Contractor resources PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-22

104 Flora & Fauna Land acquisition Mild Proper management Promoter through Prospective 14 Land use is as per the planning will be achieved Contractor government regulation and policy. Mild impacts on local land use may be visualized Impacts on Mild Supply of safe drinking Promoter through prospective 15 Construction community water to the construction contractor workers camp health camp Provision of adequate drainage system to avoid undesirable water logging Provision of hygienic facilities to construction workers camp is made. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-23

105 A system of regular disposal of domestic waste & sewage Short term Mild Proper traffic diversion and Promoter through prospective 16 Accident impacts from management during contractor hazards and road accidents construction. safety Proper warning signs will be used at construction site PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-24

106 OPERATION PHASE Sr. Project Related Issues Actions to be Taken Responsible Organisation No. Involve land use planning agencies like Promoter and contractor 1 Prevention of Road side Squatters or indirect Urban Sprawls the Revenue Department at all levels during operation stage. Plan and control development activity. Removal, cleaning of squatter and temporary hutments of construction workers once construction activities has been completed. Adequate number of proper & legible Promoter and contractor 2 Road Safety and Traffic Management signs will be installed along the road. Prepare and administer a monitoring system on road/ accidents. 3 Air Quality Monitor periodically ambient air quality at selected sites. Confinement and absorption of the pollutants at source by creating vegetation along the length. Enforcing different control measures to Promoter and contractor in consultation with MPCB PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-25

107 4 Noise level 5 Water Quality 6 Soil Characteristics check pollution (e.g catalytic converters, unleaded petrol, proper serving etc.) Monitor periodically ambient noise level at selected sites. Minimization of use of horns near sensitive locations/ silence zones with the help of sign boards at proper places. Provide noise barriers with roadside plantation. Monitor periodically water quality for establishing the change of water quality, if any, and assessing its potentiality of surviving aquatic flora and fauna and for irrigation use. Periodic monitoring of soil quality at specified distance for assessing contamination by vehicular emissions. Checking the overflow of spillage from the carriageway by promoting growth of vegetation cover along the road shoulders and preventing overflow to green belt. Promoter and contractor in consultation with MPCB Promoter and contractor and MPCB Promoter and contractor PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-26

108 7 Maintenance of Avenue trees 8 Human Health and Safety Plantation will be undertaken by the concession company on an aggressive note along the whole stretches on the both sides of the road. Employment of local population for maintenance avenue plantation. Vulnerable stretches, which are prone to accidents, will be identified. Adopt Safety measures and other control measure for regulating traffic in such areas by : Installing proper road signs, marking along the whole stretch of the tolled highway in the form of cautioning, informatory and mandatory signs of gantry mounted overhead sizes. Installing precautionary roads signs for controlling vehicle a speed in urban areas and curve stretches. Promoter and contractor in consultation with authorities and State forest Department Promoter and contractor in consultation with MPCB. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-27

109 PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE(SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI,DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 5-28

110 CHAPTER- 6 ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 6.1 THE NEED Monitoring is an essential component for sustainability of any developmental Project. It is an integral part of any environmental assessment process. Any Development project introduces complex inter-relationships in the project area between people, various natural resources, biota and the many developing Forces. Thus, a new environment is created. It is very difficult to predict with complete certainty the exact post-project environmental scenario; hence, monitoring of critical parameters is essential in the post-project phase. Monitoring of environmental indicators signal potential problems and facilitate timely prompt implementation of effective remedial measures. It will also allow for validation of the assumptions and assessments made in the present study. Monitoring becomes essential to ensure that the mitigation measures planned for environmental protection function effectively during the entire period of projects Operation. The data so generated also serves as a data bank for prediction of post-project scenarios in similar projects. Environmental monitoring during the construction phase shall comprise checking: Appropriate permits, certificates, authorizations and Compliance with the EMP and governmental regulations This can be ensured through use of checklists for: Site Establishment. Monthly Audit. Site Closure. Environmental Management Plan implementation monitoring during the construction phase. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-1

111 Monitoring Checklists are given below: PROJECT START-UP CHECKLISTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Personnel on site are environmental aware of various issues of interest Telephone numbers of emergency services are available on site Solid waste management system has been established at both construction site and labor camp Wastewater management system has been establish at both construction site and labor camp Necessary fire fighting equipment is available and in good working order. Weekly Checklists YES/NO COMMENTS ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Construction camp is neat and tidy and the laborers facilities are of the acceptable standard. Waste collection and removal system is being monitored. YES/NO COMMENTS PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-2

112 Sufficient fire fighting equipment is available at the construction site and is in good working order. All construction vehicles are in good working order and have a valid PUC certificates. Dust control measures (wherever necessary) are in place and are in working efficiently. Noise control measures (wherever necessary) are in place and are effective in controlling erosion. Erosion control measures (wherever necessary) are in place and effective in controlling erosion. Monthly Checklists: ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Environmental management is reviewed in the monthly review project review meeting at site. All new personnel on site are imparted training on environmental awareness. YES/NO COMMENTS PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-3

113 Construction activities are undertaken according to the approved method statements. Fuel flammable material storage areas comply with general fire safety requirements. Public complaints have been recorded and dealt with the satisfactory manner. Site Closure Checklist: ENVIRONMENTAL ASPECTS Contractor has cleared everything not forming the part of the permanent works. Re-vegetation has been satisfactorily completed. All areas disturbed during construction have been brought back to the near original condition in accordance with the conditions. YES/NO COMMENTS 6.2 AREAS OF CONCERN From the monitoring point of view, the important parameters are resettlement and rehabilitation of project-affected persons, marine water quality, ambient air quality, noise, etc. An attempt is made to establish early warning system which indicate the stress on the environment suggested monitoring parameters and programmers are described in the subsequent sections. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-4

114 6.3 WATER QUALITY The chemical characteristics of the water quality should be monitored as well as the biological, parameters. Both surface and bottom waters should be sampled and analyzed. The parameters to be monitored are as follows: Water Quality Physico-Chemical Parameters ph Conductivity TDS Turbidity DO BOD Phosphates Nitrates Sulphates Chlorides Cadmium Chromium Cyanides Lead 6.4 SOIL QUALITY The soil sample is collected in and around the site to establish the baseline characteristics of the study area. Soil sample is collected using the auger from the depth of 60 cm from the project site. Soil sample collected from the project site is analyzed for the physical and chemical characteristics. The parameters analyzed are as follows: Moisture ph Electrical Conductivity Cation Exchange Capacity Alkalinity PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-5

115 Organic Carbon Chlorides Available Nitrogen Available Phosphorus Available Potassium Heavy Metals: Iron Copper Zinc Lead Cadmium Chromium Magnesium Calcium Sodium Sodium Absorption Rate 6.5 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY Construction Phase Ambient air quality monitoring is recommended to be monitored at three stations close to the construction sites. The monitoring can be conducted for one season. Monitoring can be conducted twice a week for 4 consecutive weeks. The parameters to be monitored are PM10, PM2.5, S0 2, NO x and CO Operation Phase Micrometeorology An essential part of air quality monitoring would be to establish a small automatic Meteorological observation station to record daily continuous synoptic data. Arrangements for recording temperature, humidity, visibility, wind direction and speed, cloud cover, rainfall and meteorological phenomena like storms would be required to be established at the terminal site. The ambient air quality monitoring will have to be conducted at three locations; PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-6

116 Air quality could be monitored for one season. High volume samplers can be used for this purpose. The frequency of monitoring shall be twice a week for 24 hours for four consecutive weeks. The parameters to be monitored are PM10, PM2.5, SO 2 and NO x. The ambient air quality monitoring during project Operation phase can be carried out by project staff. Sufficient provision has been earmarked for purchase of monitoring of: Ambient air quality and micro- meteorological instruments and equipments. 6.6 NOISE Personnel involved in the work areas, where high noise levels are likely to be observed during project construction and operation phases. For such in-plant personnel, audiometric examination should be arranged at least once per year The project staff arid a noise meter can be purchased will carry out the noise level monitoring during construction and operation phases. Neighbourhood (up to radius of 1 km) It is recommended that during project operation phase, monitoring of sensitive areas like schools and Medicare centres be conducted within a distance of 1 km radius of the site to ascertain noise levels at receptors. 6.7 BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT The ecological survey was carried out to establish the baseline ecological conditions of the region. The list of flora and fauna found in the study area is to be given. Sites of greenbelt development should be monitored once in every month during Project operation phase to study the growth of various species and to identify the needs if any, such; as for irrigation, fertilizer dosing, pesticides, etc. Project staff can conduct monitoring. 6.8 SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME The summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme for implementation during Project construction and operation phases is given in Tables-6.1 and Table 6.2 respectively PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-7

117 Table 6.1: The Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme for Implementation during Project Construction Phase S. Aspects No. 1. Marine water Physicochemical parameters Biological parameters 2. Sediments Physicochemical parameters Biological parameters 3. Ambient air quality Parameters to be monitored Light penetration, ph, Salinity, EC, TDS, Turbidity, Phosphates, Nitrates, Sulphates, Chlorides. Chlorophyll, Primary Productivity, Phytoplankton and Zooplankton Texture, ph, Sodium, Potassium, Phosphate, Chlorides, Sulphates, Arsenic, Lead, Mercury, Hexavalent Chromium, OC Benthic Meio-fauna, Frequency of monitoring Once in three months Once in three months Once in three months Once in three Benthic Macro-fauna months PM 10, PM 2.5, SO 2 & NO 2 - Summer, Postmonsoon and winter season. - Twice a week for 4 consecutive weeks per season 4. Noise Equivalent Noise Level During peak construction activities Location 3 to 4 sites 3 to 4 sites 3 to 4 sites 3 to 4 sites Close to constructio n site(s) Constructio n Site(s) PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-8

118 Table 6.2: The Summary of Environmental Monitoring Programme for Implementation S. Aspects No. 1. Marine water Physicochemical parameters Biological parameters 2. Sediments Physicochemical parameters Biological parameters 3. Effluent from Coal stack yard 4. Ambient air quality during Project Operation Phase Parameters to be monitored Light penetration, ph, Salinity, EC, TDS, Turbidity, Phosphates, Nitrates, Sulphates, Chlorides. Chlorophyll, Primary Productivity, Phytoplankton, Zooplankton Texture, ph, Sodium, Potassium, Phosphate, Chlorides, Sulphates, Arsenic, Lead, Mercury, Hexavalent chromium, OC Benthic Meio-fauna, Benthic Macro-fauna ph, EC and TDS PM10, PM2.5, SO 2 & NO 2 Frequency of monitoring Once in every month Once in three months Once in every month Once in three months Once in every month - Summer, Postmonsoon & Winter seasons. - Twice a week for 4 consecutive week per season Location 3 to 4 sites 3 to 4 sites 3 to 4 sites 3 to 4 sites Effluent outlet from Coal stack yard Villages 5. Noise Equivalent Noise Level Once per month Project area and sites within 1 km of the project area 6. Greenbelt Development Rate of survival and growth of various species Once per month Various plantation sites. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 6-9

119 CHAPTER 7-RISK ANALYSIS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN 7.1 INTRODUCTION Emergency/disaster is an undesirable occurrence of events of such magnitude and nature that adversely affect operations, cause loss of human lives and property as well as damage to the environment. Jetties and related infrastructure are vulnerable to various kinds of natural and manmade disasters. Examples of natural disaster are flood, cyclone, tsunami, earthquake, lightning, etc., and manmade disasters are like major fire, explosion, sudden heavy leakage of toxic/poisonous gases, civil war, nuclear attacks, terrorist activities, sabotage, etc. It is impossible to reasonably forecast the time and nature of disaster, which might strike a common user infrastructure. An effective disaster management plan helps to minimize the losses in terms of human lives, assets and environmental damage and resumes working condition as soon as possible. 7.2 APPROACH TO THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN Modern approach to disaster management involves the following two steps; Risk Identification Risk Evaluation Risk identification entails: Identification of hazardous events in the installation, which can cause loss of capital equipment, loss of operation, threatens health and safety of employees, threaten public health and damage to the environment. Identification of risk in Jetty processes & areas to determine effective risk reduction measures Risk evaluation involves calculation of damage potential of the identified hazards with probable damage distances, termed as consequence analysis. Quantitative risk assessment PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-1

120 further evaluates the actual risk due to a probable event occurring over a period of time by factoring in the probability of the event occurring, or frequencies of occurrence of the event. Action plan depends largely on results of risk assessment data and may include one or more of the following: Plan for preventive as well as predictive maintenance Augment facilities for safety, fire fighting, medical (both equipment and manpower) as per requirements of risk analysis. Evolve emergency handling procedure both onsite and offsite. Practice mock drill for ascertaining preparedness for tackling hazards/emergencies at any time of the day. 7.3 SCOPE An important element of mitigation is emergency planning, i.e. recognizing that accidents are possible, assessing the consequences of such accidents and deciding on the emergency procedures, both onsite and offsite, that would need to be implemented in the event of an emergency. Emergency plans are likely to be separate for on as well as off site matters, but they must be consistent with each other, i.e. they must be related to the same assessed emergency conditions. While an on-site plan will always be the responsibility of the works management, different legislation may place the responsibility for the off-site plan elsewhere. 7.4 OBJECTIVE The overall objectives of the emergency plan will be: To localize the emergency and, if possible eliminate to and To minimize the effects of the accidents on people and property. Elimination will require prompt action by operators and works emergency staff using, for example, fire-fighting equipment, emergency due to collision and submergence etc. Minimizing the effects may include rescue, first aid, evacuation, rehabilitation and giving information promptly to people living nearby. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-2

121 7.5 IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF HAZARDS This stage is very crucial to both on-site as well as off-site emergency planning and requires works management systematically to identify what emergencies could arise in their plant. These would range from small events, which can be dealt with by works personnel without Outside help to the largest event for which it is practical to have a plan. The assessment of possible incidents should produce a report indicating: The worst events considered; The route to those worst events; The time scale to lesser events along the way; The size of lesser events if their development is halted. The relative likelihood of events. The consequences of such events 7.6 PLANNING DURING CONCEPTUAL STAGE Proper planning of a DMP at the conceptual stage, although this is also responsibility of individual industry, helps in enhancing the safety of the equipment and worker. This eventually helps to minimize the loss of life and property, which are the direct consequences of accidents. In order to achieve this, following things need to be taken into account Risk associated with the proposed facility Safety measures Siting of facility Layout of the facility Emergency preparedness and response procedures PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-3

122 Emergency planning and response procedures Emergency rarely occurs. Therefore, activities during emergencies require coordination of higher order than for planned activities, carried out according to fixed time schedule or on a routine day-to-day basis. To effectively coordinate emergency response activities, an organizational approach to planning is required. The important areas of emergency planning are Organization, Responsibilities, Procedures, Communication and Transport, Resource Requirements and Control Centre. Developer level emergency plan requires additional planning over and above those considered under above plans, which should be properly integrated to ensure better coordination. The emergency planning includes anticipatory action for emergency, maintenance and streamlining of emergency preparedness and ability for sudden mobilization of all forces to meet any calamity. 7.7 DISASTERS & RISKS The project is consists of main area on which constructing of the proposedjetty. In this scenario of vehicular movement, few risks and disasters are involved. This disaster could be natural as well as related to other sources. It is always important to chalk out strategies and planning to overcome these disasters at any given time. Natural Disaster: Earthquake India is one of the earthquake-prone countries in the world, wherein the damaging earthquakes of magnitude 5.0 or larger occur quite frequently in one area or another. The recent earthquakes in Maharashtra and Madhya Pradesh demonstrated that the areas considered safe till now, are really not so safe from earthquakes. The Mumbai area has been declared as earthquake prone under seismic zone III. The buildings and structures, which should be prioritized for study of the deficiencies and retrofitting irrespective of their ownership, are as follows. Priority I-Buildings Instructional, laboratory and library buildings of education, institution (school, colleges, institutes and universities) Hospitals including wards, dispensaries, clinics etc PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-4

123 Telephone exchanges, fire stations, water supply and pump houses Congregation halls, cinemas and theatres etc Residences of VIP s and top administrative officers in the districts (collector, SP, CMO and the like needed in immediate after math of severe intensity earthquake Other than these structures and infrastructures such a water tanks and towers, telephone exchanges, bridges and culverts comes under Priority I. Priority II Banks, post offices, police stations and other service building etc. Electric power houses and substations etc. Monuments, heritage, buildings and museums etc. The central and state government should make the thorough study of above buildings and infrastructure mandatory for all concerned to act in a given time of frame. As an intensive, insurance premiums for buildings constructed with seismic resistant features as per Indian standards or seismically retrofitted afterwards, should be reduced as compared to those not so strengthened. To achieve efficiency, in implementation of strategies for disaster, prevention and mitigation, innovative approaches, mechanisms and methods for transfer of technologies from R and D organizations to different groups are to be developed and implemented. Manmade disaster -Fire Incidents of Fire mainly caused due to overloading, short circuit, leakage of cooking gas in the restaurant, etc.any small fire if not extinguished immediately, can cause large scale damage and may have a cascading effect. An instrumented release detection system A quick responsive containment and control system requiring well planned safety and fire fighting system. Well organized trained manpower to handle the process equipment & systems safely. Well trained personnel to handle safety and fire fighting equipment to extinguish fire inside the installation promptly as well as tackle any type of emergency. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-5

124 Mitigation measures for fire Area Isolation Area isolation (or equipment isolation) has a function to isolate by closing an inlet and outlet valve of area in case of hazardous conditions such as a fire breaking out. This action shall be also taken with one push button on ESD console by operator manually. The valve locations shall be established to ensure safe area protection by P&ID review and/or safety design. Fire Fighting In case of the occurrence of hazardous events such as breaking a fire alarm glass and gas leakage, a fire protection system such as deluge system, clean agent system, high expansion foam system and fixed dry chemical system shall be activated manually, remotely or automatically. Automatic activation shall be initiated by multi detectors with voting system. Manual and Remote Operation Operator can manually operate push buttons or switches in the front of the local fire fighting control panel after the operator recognized hazardous situations such as fire occurrence, flammable gas or LNG spill detector detection. FSGDS workstation or aux. console that will be located in CCR and JMR shall have the function relating with manual operation of the fire fighting systems in order to remotely activate them in the control rooms. Automatic Operation The fire fighting system like water curtain between loading/ unloading arm & ship tanker on jetty, high expansion foam system for impounding basins, dry chemical system for LNG tank & jetty and clean agent system for substation and control buildings shall be initiated automatically. In addition, to avoid a spurious activation of detectors, voting system shall be applied. Automatic initiation by confirmed detection with voting logic involves time delay (for example 0 to 120 seconds) so that operators can interfere in its activation. Water Spray In case two detectors out of all detectors (two gas detectors, one flame detector and one LNG spill detector) in the same area are activated, water spray (deluge system) shall be activated automatically. Since water spray protects the equipment as the countermeasure against the PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-6

125 heat radiation from fire, it is considered to be activated by gas or spill detection. However, HP pump have dyke, the leaked LNG spill shall be collected in the impounding basin. Water spray will accelerate the evaporation of collected LNG. To avoid this confliction, water spray at HP pump area shall be activated after the flame detectors detect the fire. Dry Chemical When confirmed detection of 2oo2 flame detectors in the same area is initiated, dry chemical shall be activated automatically. Foam for Impounding In the case of initiation of two out of all detectors (two flammable gas detectors, one flame detector and one LNG spill detector) in the same area, foam system for impounding basin shall be activated automatically. Building Alarms Building fire alarms shall be composed of internal fire alarm bells, external horns and external colour coded visual alarms. They shall be installed and connected according to their respective legal requirements. Some of the preventive & pre-emptive measures, which are to be taken during operational life, are as follows: a) Safety measures Following safety measures need to be implemented while working in the Jetty to avoid emergency and hazardous situation. Follow specified procedures and instructions for start-up, shut down and any maintenance work. Follow permit to work system. Identify correctly the part of the pipeline in which work is to be done. Isolate the part, machine properly on which work is to be done. Release pressure from the part of the pipeline on which work is to be done. Remove flammable liquid/gases thoroughly on which work is to be done. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-7

126 Use non sparking tools. b) Jetty Inspection Apart from planned inspection, checks and tests should be carried out to reduce failure probability of containments. Pump house and pipeline during both their construction and operational life. Pressure relief valves to avoid fail danger situation. The safety relief valves connected with pumps and piping should be checked and calibrated at regular intervals according to specification. Critical trips, interlocks, & other instruments should be checked regularly to avoid fail danger situation. Vapour detection, heat detection & fire fighting system should be checked regularly to ensure proper functioning for avoiding emergency situation. Lightning protection system. c) Performance or Condition Monitoring A systematic monitoring of performance or condition should be carried out especially for pumps and associated equipment, which may be responsible for serious accidents/disaster in case the defined limits are crossed. Vibration, speed and torque measurements for pumps, etc. Thickness and other flaw measurements in metals of pipelines, etc. Many types of non-destructive testing/condition monitoring techniques are available. X-ray radiography, acoustic emission testing, magnetic particle testing, eddy current inspection techniques etc. are used for detection of flaws and progression of cracks in metals. The above condition monitoring techniques should be applied regularly by internal/external agencies. Immediate corrective measures should be taken if any flaws are detected. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-8

127 d) Preventive Maintenance A schedule for preventive maintenance for moving machineries like pumps, compressors, etc. should be prepared based on experience in other similar operations as well as instruction of the suppliers. The schedule should be followed strictly during operation as well as planned shutdown period. e) Entry of Personnel Entry of unauthorized personnel will be strictly prohibited inside the Jetty liquid cargo battery limit. The persons entering the liquid cargo area will not carry matches, lighters etc. and hot work will not be permitted except in designated areas with utmost precaution. 7.8 DISASTER CONTROL/RESPONSE PLAN Disaster may arrive without any warning, unexpectedly in spite of all precautions and preventive measures taken. However, an efficient control/response plan can minimize the losses in terms of property, human lives and damage to the environment can be the minimum Objectives of the Plan The plan should be developed to make best possible use of the resources at the command of the jetty as well as outside resources available like State Fire Services, Police, Civil Defence, Hospitals, Civil Administration, neighbouring institution and industries. It is not possible for the jetty to face a disaster single handed and calls for use of all available resources in the surrounding area. Advance meticulous planning minimizes chaos and confusion, which normally occur in such a situation and reduce the response time of Disaster Management Organization. The objectives of Disaster Management Plan are to: Contain and control the incident. Rescue the victim and treat them suitably in quickest possible time. Safeguard other personnel and evacuate them to safer places. Identify personnel affected/dead. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-9

128 Give immediate warning signal to the people in the surrounding areas in case such situation arising. Inform relatives of the casualties. Provide authoritative information to news media and others. Safeguard records & information about the organization. Preserve damaged records & equipment needed as evidence for any subsequent enquiry. Rehabilitate the affected areas. Restore the facilities to normal working condition at the earliest Components of the DMP An onsite emergency is one, which is having negligible effects outside the jetty premises and can primarily be controlled by internal facilities and resources available. Some help may be required from external agencies or local authorities. All the consequence footprint of the scenarios identified in the Consequence Analysis chapter indicates that the effects of the incidences will be well within the boundary, which can be mitigated by following the Onsite DMP. An offsite emergency will affect the neighbouring areas and population outside the Jetty premises and would require substantial contribution from local authorities and institutions like police, civil defence, state hospital and civil administration in addition to state fire services. Offsite DMP will be needed in case of natural disaster of large magnitude such as tsunami and cyclone Onsite Emergency as Statutory Requirement The principal strategy of emergency control at the proposed Jetty is prevention of the identified major hazards. Since hazards can occur only in the event of loss of containment, one of the key objectives of detail engineering, construction, commissioning and operating of the Jetty is total and consistent quality assurance. The second control strategy adopted for potential emergencies is surveillance of handling and storage of hazardous substances. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-10

129 Yet another control measure adopted is early detection of any accidental leak of hydrocarbon and other flammable vapours by gas detectors and by trained and vigilant operating staff and activation of well-structured, resourced and rehearsed emergency plan to intercept the incident with speed and ensure safety of employees, assets, public and environment as a matter of priority Content of the Onsite DMP Information to be provided by any MAH installation or an Isolated Storage has been prescribed in schedule 11 of the MSIHC Rules. This DMP has been prepared, in so far as is practicable, in accordance with the guidelines stipulated in the Rules. Details that need to be furnished in the Onsite DMP per schedule 11 of MSIHC Rule, 1989 are: Name and address of the person furnishing the information. Key personnel of the Organization and responsibilities assigned to them in case of an emergency. Outside Organization if involved in assisting during an onsite emergency: - Type of accidents - Responsibility assigned. Details of liaison arrangement between the Organizations. Information on the preliminary hazard analysis: - Type of accidents. - System elements or events that can lead to a major accident. - Hazards. - Safety relevant components. Details about the site: - Location of dangerous substances. - Seat of key personnel. - Emergency control room. Description of hazardous chemicals at Jetty site: - Chemicals (quantities and toxicological data). - Transformation if any, which could occur. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-11

130 - Purity of hazardous chemicals. Likely dangers to the Jetty Enumerate effects of - - Stress and strain caused during normal operation. - Fire and explosion inside the Jetty and effect, if any, of fire and explosion outside. Details regarding - Warning, alarm, safety and security systems. - Alarm and hazard control plans in the line with disaster control and hazard control planning, ensuring the necessary technical and organizational precautions. - Reliable measuring instruments, control units and servicing of such equipments. - Precautions in designing of the foundations and load bearing parts of the building. - Continuous surveillance of operations. - Maintenance and repair work according to the generally recognized rules of good engineering practices. Details of communication facilities available during emergency and those required for an offsite emergency. Details of fire fighting and other facilities available and those required for an offsite emergency. Details of first aid and hospital services available and its adequacy. An outline of these details is provided in the pages following under the headings stated above, in so far as the headings apply to the proposed Jetty Key Personnel of the Jetty and Responsibilities in the Event of Emergency It is to be understood that the first few minutes after the start of an incident are most vital in prevention of escalation. Therefore the personnel available at the site on round-the-clock basis will play an important role. Some of them will be the identified Key Persons. Since the liquid berths and Pump House are to be operated by highly skilled officers/operators with the help of Jetty In-Charge/Dy. Jetty Manager, in the emergency he will also act as Chief Controller for incidence and he will nominate different Emergency Coordinators to control emergency situation. The role of various coordinators is to assess the situation from time-to-time, take appropriate decisions in consultation with the Chief Controller and to provide timely resources to the Key Persons to fight the emergency. Key Persons as far PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-12

131 as is possible are available during shift on a round the clock basis. An organogram of the officers at the liquid cargo operations during emergency is presented as Figure 7.2. Chief Emergency Controller Co-ordinator Fire & Safety Co-ordinator Engineering Coordinator Communication & Medical, Coordinator Finance Co-ordinator TransJetty & Materials Coordinator Figure 7.1: Organization Chart for Onsite Emergency Management Team Key Personnel The senior most officer present in the Jetty at the time of the incident will be the designated the Chief Emergency Controller. Duties and Responsibilities of Key Persons and coordinators a. Chief Emergency Controller He will rejetty at the Emergency Control Centre and will assume overall responsibility of the works and its personnel. His duties will be: (i) To assess the magnitude of the situation and decide whether a major emergency exists or is likely to develop, requiring external assistance. (ii) To inform district emergency chief (i.e. District Collector). (iii) To exercise direct operational control over areas other than those affected. (iv) Assess the magnitude of the situation and decide if staff needs to be evacuated from the assembly points to identified safe places. (v) To continuously review and direct shutting down of Jetty sections and operations in consultation with the other key personnel. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-13

132 (vi) To liaise with senior officials of Police, Fire Brigade, Medical and local administration, and pass on information on possible effects on the surrounding areas, outside the factory premises. (vii) To liaise with various coordinators to ensure casualties are receiving adequate attention and traffic control movement within the work is well regulated. (viii) To arrange for a log of the emergency to be maintained in the Emergency Control Centre. (ix) To release authorized information to press through the Media Coordinator. (x) To control rehabilitation of the affected persons and the affected areas after the emergency. b. Fire and Safety Coordinator The main responsibilities of Fire and Safety Coordinator will be: (i) To immediately take charge of all fire fighting operations upon sounding of the alarm. (ii) To guide the fire fighting team and provide logistics supply for effectively combating the fire. (iii) To barricade the area at appropriate locations in order to prevent the movement of vehicular traffic. (iv) To operate the Mutual Aid Scheme and call for additional external help in fire fighting. (v) To organize relieving groups for fire fighting. (vi) To inform the Chief controller and give All Clear signal when the fire emergency is over. c. Engineering Coordinator Responsibilities of Engineering Coordinator will be: (i) To liaise with Chief Controller and various other Coordinators (ii) To stop/regulate all operations within the Jetty (iii) To switch off main Instrument Control Panel PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-14

133 (iv) To stop all engineering works and instruct contractors and their employees to leave the area (v) To assess the water level in the fire water reservoir and supply engineering tools, fire-fighting materials and equipments to various Coordinators (vi) To start all pumps to replenish water and switch on the fire engine for hot standby. (vii) To liaise with transjetty Coordinator to arrange for external water supply and fuel for generators/engines (viii) To attend mechanical fault/failure of fire water pump and facilities. (ix) To assess situation in consultation with Chief Controller and if required, start/provide electric supply to certain areas/points. d. Communication and Medical Coordinator Duties and responsibilities of the Communication and Medical Coordinator will be: (i) To liaise with Chief Controller and various other Coordinator. (ii) To take over entire communication system (external as well as internal). (iii) To arrange to distribute Walky-Talkie/ VHF sets to various other coordinators. (iv) To inform police, fire brigade, civil authorities, hospitals & request for speedy help. (v) To arrange for vehicles/ambulance for evacuation and causalities. (vi) To set and activate first aid centre and arrange to mobilize medical team (vii) Arrange to procure required drugs and appliances. (viii) Arrange to transfer causalities to other hospitals/first aid centre. (ix) To maintain a register for causalities (type of injury, number, hospitalization) (x) To inform families of the causalities Details of First Aid and Hospital Services Available Fully stocked first aid boxes shall be placed in the Jetty at strategic locations. A visiting medical practitioner will be made available on a part time basis during day. He will be available on call and round-the-clock for emergency duty. The onsite medical centre will be equipped with facilities for treatment of mechanical injuries, burn injuries and electric shock. An ambulance will be available in the Jetty round-the-clock. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-15

134 Personal Protective Equipment The following PPEs and other emergency handling equipment will be stocked in the MCR to be issued to the trained Key Personnel during an emergency. Fire proximity suit. Fire entry suit. Self contained Breathing Apparatus with one spare cylinder (30 minutes). Water gel blanket. Safety helmet. Rubber hand gloves for use in electrical jobs. Power tool. Resuscitator. The quantities available will be sufficient to meet the needs of emergency handling personnel Rehearsal and Testing 'Fire Drills' will be arranged periodically to test out the laid down system and facilities. The emergency handlers will also "act out" their individual roles in accordance with the emergency procedures laid down to demonstrate that the entire emergency response system can perform efficiently and accurately. Mock drills for emergency will be conducted twice a year. 7.9 OFFSITE ACTION IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY Offsite action will be carried out in coordination with external agencies, whose responsibilities are listed as follows: Police Fire Brigade Medical Services Technical Agencies Rehabilitation Agencies Electricity Board PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-16

135 Responsibilities of the Services 1] Police To control traffic & mob by cordoning off the area. Arrange for evacuation of people on advice from the Site Controller/District Collector. Broadcast/communicate through public address systems to the community on advice from the District/Sub Collector. Inform relatives about details of injured and casualties. 2] Fire Brigade Fighting fire & preventing its spread. Rescue & salvage operation. 3] Medical/Ambulance First Aid to the injured persons. Shifting critically injured patients to the hospitals. Providing medical treatment. 4] Technical/Statutory Bodies (Constitutes Factory Inspectorate, Pollution Control Board, Technical Experts from Industries) Provide all technical information to the emergency services, as required. Investigate the cause of the disaster. 5] Rehabilitation Arrange for evacuation of persons to nominated rescue centre and arrange for their food, medical and hygienic requirements. Coordinating with the Insurance Companies for prompt disbursement of compensation to the affected persons. Maintain communication channels of nearby industries like telephone; telex etc. in perfect working condition. 6] Electricity Board To regulate/re-connect the power supply to the Jetty if specifically asked for by the Jetty. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 7-17

136 CHAPTER 8- PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 INTRODUCTION The proposed project is also one of the same kinds. The proposed project is for setting up a Passenger Jetty and a Boat Repair Facility near Mauje Versave (survey no 28/29), Tal. Vasai, Dist. Thane. The project is proposed by M/s. Hotel Beano Resorts, one of the leading hotels cum resorts in Mumbai. They have proposed to envisage a floating restaurant in the Vasai creek near village Mauje Versave. The passenger terminal/jetty will help people to reach the restaurant from the bank of the creek to the restaurant. Similarly they have also proposed to set up a water sports centre for recreational activities. 8.2 NEED OF THE PROJECT The proposed project is very essential due to following points which are positive and favorable from various points of views: 1. The proposed jetty project will develop the areas adjacent to the Vasai creek. 2. The project does not displace any rural population. 3. The project envisages employment potential and economic prosperity to local population of the surrounding villages. 4. The fallow and wasteland will be converted to evergreen piece of environment friendly settlement. 5. There will be no hazardous pollution or danger to the environment. 8.3 SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT The major components of the passenger jetty and boat repair yard include the following structures which will be constructed from pre-fabricated concrete structures. The structures are listed below RCC platform for passenger terminal building and drive way Passenger jetty Floating jetty Floating platform PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 8-1

137 Water sports centre Repair Shed Floating restaurant The associated facilities that are required to be constructed are listed below Passenger jetty Ferry Terminal on RCC platform 1. Ground level structure as a ferry terminal and the associated offices for ferry operations 2. Waiting rooms for passengers 3. Retail outlets, restaurants and cafes for passengers 4. Security check areas Emergency service facilities Berthing jetty (slips) for ferries and yachts Sewage treatment plant for sewage that from yachts, ferries and passengers using the ferry terminal Water tanks for storage of water to be supplied to ferries and yachts Diesel storage tanks for refueling ferries Battery charging stations for yachts and ferry batteries 8.4 BENEFITS OF THE PROJECTS Aesthetics: Aesthetics will be a blend of contemporary & Indian Architecture. Statement: The design, use of material & massing of the structures shall be Iconic symbol of seaside architecture matching high quality design, visual f lair & unique functions. This structure will celebrate contemporary surf life styles of coastal architecture. Structures : Boat repair yards and passenger jetty with supporting common amenities like toilets etc. along with public park with aesthetically designed landscape. Generation of Employment:-The project will generate employment opportunities during construction and operation phase. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 8-2

138 Additional benefits- 1. The proposed project is expected to generate marginal direct and indirect employment as daily wage labourers will be employed in construction and transportation activities, supply of materials, auxiliary and ancillary works. 2. The project has favorable ranking by majority of the local people and is looked upon as a step for further development of the area. 3. Increase in infrastructure resources due to the proposed project by way of additional transport, communication, recreation facilities and other basic amenities. 4. The civil amenities like market, medical facilities, education, sports/cultural activities likely to improve at the neighboring villages through the community welfare measures. 5. The Water Sports Centre and the Floating Restaurant will act as good recreational centres for people all around the city. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 8-3

139 CHAPTER - 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 INTRODUCTION This portion of the report describes plan for improving the overall environmental management of the site using a combination of strategies and major options to be considered in the physical development of the proposed project, including support for the design process itself. The recommendations have three broad objectives: Mitigation of the adverse environmental and socio-economic impacts identified as a part of the EIA study. Recommendations detailing elements and approaches that can integrate environmental concerns in design, operations and development of necessary physical infrastructures. Provision of a framework for identifying and developing the proposed project as an environmentally friendly Residential and commercial destination complying with international standards for ecology, environment and planning. A judicious application of the recommendations will allow it to be used it as a broad survey of possibilities to inform each step of the development process: from vision building to completion. It may be noted that in addition to regular pollution control methods, the concepts of energy efficiency and pollution prevention are being planned at proposed project through various programs such as ISO 14001, OHS. Some of the following recommendations will cost less up-front and save money over time, while some may require a higher initial investment, but cut operating costs for the proposed township project. The recommendations to mitigate environmental impact as well as to significantly improve the environmental features of the proposed township project site have been presented under the following sub sections: PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-1

140 Ambient Air Quality Management Noise Pollution Management Water Quality Management Socio-economic Environmental Management Impact Mitigation through Improved Design processes and tools; Impact Mitigation through Improved Site planning; Impact Mitigation through Improved Physical infrastructure; Improving Eco Friendliness through Improved Building design; The section below is divided in two parts: Part A describes the recommendations to mitigate the likely environmental impact of the project activities; while Part B describes the recommendations (technological, management and practices) to improve the overall features of the proposed township project based on the international best practices and examples of similar sites around the world. 9.2 AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT Mitigative measures suggested for air pollution control are based on the baseline ambient air quality monitoring data and the predicted values of ambient air quality levels. From the point of view of maintenance of an acceptable ambient air quality in the region, it is desirable that air quality be monitored on a regular basis to check the existing quality vis-à-vis the standards prescribed by CPCB and in cases of non-compliance, appropriate mitigative measures are adopted. As per the results of ambient air quality monitoring data, the background concentrations of SPM, SO 2, CO, and NO x are well within the stipulated CPCB standards for residential and rural zones Controlling Fugitive Dust Dust is currently being generated during transportation, blasting, quarrying, road making, and other such operations. The suggested control measures are: PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-2

141 1. Quarrying sites. Dust suppression systems (water spraying) to be adopted at: Faces/sites before and after site preparation Faces/sites while loading. Dust extraction systems to be used in drill machines. Using sharp drill bits for drilling holes and drills with water flushing systems (wet drilling), to reduce dust generation. 2. Stock-piles Mist sprays should be provided at appropriate places for preventing dust pollution during handling and stockpiling of stones and loose earth. Over Burden (OB) waste dumps shall be sprayed with water, as they are the major source of air borne particulate matter/dust. OB waste dumps shall be reclaimed/ afforested to bind the loose soil and to prevent soil erosion. 3. Haulage Regular water spraying on haulage roads during transportation of stones and OB waste by water sprinklers. Transfer points for transporting stones and OB wastes shall be provided with appropriate hoods/chutes to prevent dust emissions. Dumping of stones and OB waste should be from an optimum height (preferably not too high) so as to reduce the dust blow Controlling CO levels The concentration of CO in the ambient air was below detectable limits at all the air quality monitoring locations. Expected increase in the CO concentration is very low. Movement of heavy and light vehicles, burning of fuel for generators are the major sources of CO in the site. All vehicles and their exhausts should be well maintained and regularly tested for pollutants concentration. Strict vigil should be kept in and around the operational area, for immediate action to control the fire. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-3

142 9.2.3 Controlling NOx levels NO x emissions in the site mainly occur during transportation of people, material and generator operation. The main reasons for NO x emissions from blasting of the stone quarrying areas are: Poor qualities of explosives with large oxygen imbalance enhance the NO X levels in the ambient air. This may be due to: Manufacturing defect. Use of expired explosives in which ingredients have disintegrated. Incomplete detonation, which may be due to low Primer to Column ratio. To ensure low NO x levels following control measures should be adopted: Use of good quality explosives having proper oxygen balance with regular monitoring. Regular updating of the date of manufacture/expiry to avoid confusions. A normal procedure should be formulated to check/visually inspect all explosives, and if disintegrated ingredients are spotted, the explosives should not be used, even if the date has not expired. To control NO x levels from traffic emissions, the vehicle maintenance should be regular and thorough. Where possible, vehicles should be run on Compressed Natural Gas (CNG) or batteries to reduce pollution load Occupational Health and Safety Measures To Control Dust Inhalation All the above precautions should be adopted to prevent dust generation at site and to prevent it to become air borne, however, some amount of dust will still be in suspended form. Dust masks should be provided to the workers, engaged at the strategic locations/dust generation points like drills, loading & unloading points etc. Dust masks would prevent inhalation of PM10 and PM 2.5 thereby reducing the risk of lung diseases and other respiratory disorders. Workers in the generator area need to be protected from fugitive emissions and other gasses like NO x, SO x, CO and HC Fire Hazards Following precautions are proposed to be undertaken to prevent the fire hazard: Care should be taken regarding the presence of any external source of fire in the vicinity of the diesel storage area such as smoking, naked fire, electrical sources of fire, fuel oil fire, etc. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-4

143 In case of electrical equipment operating in the vicinity or fuel oil being used or stored in the vicinity of diesel storage, provision for appropriate types of fire extinguishers on or near such equipment should be made, in order to extinguish the fire at the incipient stage. Storage of fuel oil for longer periods should be avoided. 9.3 NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL The ambient noise level monitoring carried out in 5 locations in and around the site at the residential and commercial areas shows that the daytime ambient noise levels are well within the stipulated limits of CPCB. The equipment systems should provide cabins to ensure that the operators and other work persons, in and around the operating equipment, have comfortable work stations. To keep the ambient noise levels within the permissible limits, the measures to be adopted are: Innovative approaches of using improvised machinery designs, with in-built mechanism to reduce sound emissions like improved silencers, mufflers and closed noise generating parts. Procurement of drill, loaders and dumpers and other equipment with noise proof system in operator's cabin. Confining the equipment with heavy noise emissions in sound proof cabins, so that noise is not transmitted to other areas. Regular and proper maintenance of noise generating machinery including the transport vehicles to maintain the noise levels. Provision has been made for noise absorbing pads at foundations of vibrating equipment to reduce noise emissions. Occupational Health and Safety Measures to Control Exposure to Noise To protect the workers from exposure to high levels of noise, following measures would be adopted: Provision of protective devices like ear muffs/ear plugs to workers who cannot be isolated from the source of high intensity noise, e.g. blasting. Confining the noise by isolating the source of noise as discussed above. Reducing the exposure time of workers to the higher noise levels by shift management. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-5

144 9.4 WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT Water Resources Efforts need to be made to develop a sustainable water utilization plan along with a careful look at the water demand of the project at its final stages of development. All water conservation measures need to be taken including all possible potential for reuse and recycling of water. These could be in the form of the following: Reuse of wastewater from one area into other areas like bathing for gardening after minimal treatment Treatment of other wastewater streams for reuse and development of closed loop systems for water Waste water Treatment/ Management The wastewater at the site comprises of waste water generated from the proposed Boat Repair Facility and Floating Restaurant. An ETP cum STP plant of capacity 12KLD has been proposed on site for the treatment of any kind of waste water generated. The treated water will then be utilized for landscaping, cleaning and flushing purpose. 9.5 ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL & MONITORING PROGRAMME For successful implementation of an EMP, it is important that an effective environmental monitoring cell is set up whose role would be to check the efficiency of the organisational set up responsible for implementation of EMP. There is a centre for environmental excellence, which is the overall umbrella institution responsible for the management and monitoring of the environment of the site. It is also proposed that there should be an Environmental Management Committee (EMC) and an Environment Monitoring Division (EMD) Environmental Management Committee (EMC) EMC should have overall responsibility for developing environmental policy (for management, monitoring, and procedures for integrating with other relevant agencies) and for monitoring and reviewing environmental management performance of the project, based primarily on the reports received from the Environmental Monitoring Division (EMD). PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-6

145 The overall objective of this environmental management structure, therefore, will be to promote and support active environmental management of the project site, complementing and supporting the improved information flow, which will be developed by the EMD Environmental Monitoring Division (EMD) A division for Environmental Monitoring within Centre for Environmental Excellence (CEE) at the project level should take the overall responsibility for co-ordination of the actions required for environmental management and mitigation, and for monitoring the progress of the proposed plans and actions to be taken. EMD should be under the overall supervision of a General Manager, CEE, and be responsible for monitoring the implementation of the various actions, which are to be executed by the agencies specified in the EMP. The Division will report on a regular basis to the General Manger. Other members of the Division should include representatives from relevant executive agencies (e.g. Land Acquisition Officer, Government Officials, and Local Panchayat Officials) and representatives of local interest groups and will also include a representation of a cross-section of NGO opinion and specific well-informed individual(s). Other NGOs with more specific areas of expertise may be coopted as appropriate, on a short-term or permanent basis. In addition, the Division should consist of a Geologist, an Environmental Engineer, a Sociologist, and a Botanist/Horticulturist. The EMD should prepare a formal report on environmental management and mitigation for the General Manager at six-monthly intervals. Reports on any urgent or significant issues may be prepared at shorter intervals. The Division should plan to meet formally at least twice a month during the construction phase prior to the start of full-scale operations, and at least once every month thereafter. It should review its meeting frequency and adjust according to needs and requirements. Apart from responsibilities listed above, the EMD will have the responsibility of the following: Collecting water and air samples, work zone monitoring; Analysing the water and air samples; Implementing the control and protective measures; Co-ordinating the environment related activities within MIL; PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-7

146 Collecting statistics of health of workers and villagers; Green belt development; and Monitoring the progress of implementation of EMP Responsibilities of Supervisors in the Environmental Management Team Manager (Environment) A person of the rank of General Manager should be co-ordinating link between the EMD and EMC. He will be responsible for planning and implementation of the control and protective measures. He will co-ordinate the environment related activities within the project as well as with the outside agencies. He should also have to co-ordinate with the outside agencies including contractors for organising, monitoring and controlling the works of green belt development, afforestation and other social and biological reclamation. He should also interact with the medical officer of the project and collect workers' sickness record to analyse the possible occurrences of occupational diseases. He will be responsible for monitoring the progress of implementation of environmental control measures and will be reporting directly to the General Manager. Environmental Engineer: The position should be responsible for collecting water and air samples, work zone monitoring for air pollutants, analysing water and air samples and as well as collecting statistics of health of workers and population of surrounding villages. The person should be responsible for maintaining the schedule, duration and parameters to be monitored. The position should be helped in the job by an Assistant Engineer, one Junior Officer and 2 workmen. The Assistant Engineer will also supervise the implementation of environmental protection measures viz. water sprinkling/ spraying creation of storm water drains, garland drains, culverts and other protective measures/ arrangements. Geologist: The position will be responsible for supervising and guiding environmental team on geological, aspects in the pollution management, such as groundwater, etc. Botanist/Agricultural Scientist/Horticulturist: PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-8

147 The post will be the overall in charge of biological reclamation and plantation scheme to be carried out in and around the areas where the vegetation has been removed for developmental work. The position will be responsible for green belt development, avenue plantation, plantation in the colony, gardens and lawns both in core zone and the colony. The position should be taking decisions regarding the selection of plant/tree species having high survival rate based on the climatic conditions and soil characteristics. The proponent is responsible for setting up a nursery and acquiring saplings from local nurseries, if necessary and supervises and control the contractors engaged for plantation Monitoring Schedule and Parameters To evaluate the effectiveness of environmental management programme, regular monitoring of the important environmental parameters should be taken up. The schedule, duration and parameters that should be monitored and measured are shown in Table 9.1 Table 9.1: Monitoring Schedule and Parameters Description of Parameters Schedule and duration of monitoring Air Quality A In the vicinity of the construction activities One sample over 24 hours continuous B In the vicinity of residential and commercial areas duration, twice a week throughout the year. PM10, PM2.5, CO, SO 2, NO x Water Quality A Water quality of surface and ground water around the site [All parameters under Environment Protection Act 1986] B Drinking water must conform to Drinking Water Standard IS: : 1991 Ambient Noise level Inventory of flora Once in three months Quarterly Once in two years in project monitoring area PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-9

148 Description of Parameters Soil quality Socio-economic condition of local Population physical survey Schedule and duration of monitoring Once a year on all areas close to construction activities Once every year, for first five years For air, water and noise pollution control measures, it is suggested that samples be collected and tested all round the year with appropriate frequency at strategic places by suitable agencies. In case, it is found that any of the control parameters exceed the tolerance limit as fixed by the State/Central Pollution Control Board or any other statuary body, preventive measures should be taken and if required expert opinion should be sought for proper remedial measures. EMD should be responsible for the three major functions such as impact analysis, environmental pollution control and monitoring. However, the monitoring schedule and parameters to be monitored have been discussed further in the following paragraphs: Air quality monitoring: This includes identification of major dust and gaseous emission sources and estimation of the levels of emissions. The monitoring network consists of two types of stations with different objectives. Permanent air quality monitoring stations: Four permanent stations and three stations at an angle of around 120 in different directions of the project should be established. Air quality monitoring should be carried out in all season i.e. winter (January - February), premonsoon (March-May), monsoon (June-September) and post-monsoon (October-December). It should be done at least twice a week continuously for 48 hours duration for each pollutant, for not less than one month in each season (not less than 8 days per season). Micrometeorological parameters should be measured from the above stations during air quality monitoring. Dust fall for each season should be measured also at each permanent station. Air samples should be analysed for SO 2, NO X, CO, PM10 and PM2.5 initially. After knowing the trend of the air quality, the critical parameters should be analysed. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-10

149 Temporary air quality monitoring stations: Temporary stations should be established as and when required to identify the source of dust and gaseous emissions. The air samples should be analysed for parameters as mentioned above. Water quality monitoring: This should be done in each season. Permanent stations should be established to monitor the water quality and the depletion of ground water resources. After establishing the prominent pollutants from the trends of water quality, the same should be monitored regularly to control water pollution. To monitor groundwater level, stations should be established to assess the base line conditions. Five stations, one in the core zone and four others stations around the project should be established for monitoring water quality levels. Noise monitoring: Noise levels should be measured at the dam construction and quarrying sites, stationary and mobile sources, adjacent villages and colony, quarterly, both for day time and night time. Inventory of Flora: An inventory of flora should be taken once in two years time over the project monitoring area to corroborate the parity of the baseline flora. Soil quality monitoring: Soil testing should be done once in a year to find out the status of soil in the reclaimed area and adjoining villages. Samples should be analysed for necessary parameters for assessing the soil fertility, including ph, electrical conductivity, Phosphorus, Potassium, Nitrogen, etc and soil texture. Monitoring of Socio-economic condition of local population: For this purpose, surveys should be conducted once in two time in a year. To take stock of the situation during different phases of project implementation with the ultimate view of having an uplifted and satisfied neighbouring population. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-11

150 Table 9.2 Reporting of the Major- Parameters and Responsible Organization Sr. No Project Related Issue Action to be Taken Responsible Organisation 1 Provision of sanitation at workers Provide provisioned health, hygiene facilities for Contractor and promoter in colony construction worker camp. consultation with the state revenue Prepare and administer land use control measure. department 2 Utilities Initiate and complete the process of shifting the utilities Contractor and promoter in consultation with the local Electricity Department and Telecom Department 3 Reduction of vegetative cover NA NA 4 Road side Tree Plantation and Select species and prepare location plan for roadside P & C in consultation compensatory afforestation tree plantation. 5 Borrow pits and quarry sites NA NA development. 6 Sewerage disposal and solid waste at workers camp Install conventional treatment facility at Construction Workers Camp. Promoter and contractor Collection of domestic refuse and its suitable disposal. 7 Traffic management Secure assistance from local police for traffic control P & C PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 8-12

151 during construction phase. Safety measures will also be undertaken by installing road signs and making for safe and smooth movement of traffic 8 Noise Level Stationary equipment will be placed as far as possible form inhabited areas to minimise objectionable noise impacts Proper maintenance machinery and vehicles Construction activities strictly prohibiting between 10 pm and 6 pm near habitation Provision of using ear plugs by workers being exposed high noise levels Vegetative and solid barrier along inhabitant centre and sensitive receptor 9 Air Quality Vehicles and machineries will be regularly maintained so that emissions conform to National and State Standards. Vehicles carrying construction material will be covered by traps to avoid spilling and blowing by wind Asphalt mixing if required will be over 500 m away for many communities. Mixing equipment will be seated and be equipped with dust removal device P & C P & C PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-13

152 10 Water Quality NA P & C 11 Soil Erosion Strengthening of soil strata during open foundation P & C PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-14

153 OPERATION PHASE Sr. No. Project Related Issues Actions to be Taken Responsible Organisation 1 Prevention of Road side Squatters or indirect Urban Sprawls NA P & C in consultation with the 2 Road Safety and Traffic Management Adequate number of proper & legible signs will be installed along the road. Prepare and administer a monitoring system on road/ accidents. 3 Air Quality Monitor periodically ambient air quality at selected sites. Confinement and absorption of the pollutants at source by creating vegetation along the length. Enforcing different control measures to check pollution (e.g. catalytic converters, EURO II engines, unleaded petrol, proper serving etc.) 4 Noise level Monitor periodically ambient noise level at selected sites. Minimization of use of horns near sensitive locations/ silence zones with the help of State Revenue and Planning. P & C in consultation with Public Works Department and State Traffic Police. P & C in consultation with MPCB P & C in consultation with MPCB PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-15

154 sign boards at proper places. Provide noise barriers with roadside plantation. 5 Water Quality Monitor periodically water quality for establishing the change of water quality, if any, and assessing its potentiality of surviving aquatic flora and fauna and for irrigation use. 6 Soil Characteristics Periodic monitoring of soil quality (mainly Pb) at specified distance for assessing contamination by vehicular emissions. Checking the overflow of spillage from the carriageway. 7 Maintenance of Avenue trees Plantation will be undertaken by the concession company on an aggressive note along the whole stretches on the both sides of the road. Employment of local population for maintenance avenue plantation. 8 Human Health and Safety Vulnerable stretches, which are prone to accidents, will be identified. MPCB and BMC P & C in consultation with MPCB P & C in consultation with authorities and State forest Department P & C in consultation with MPCB.State Public Health Works PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-16

155 Adopt Safety measures and other control measure for regulating traffic in such areas by: Installing proper road signs, marking along the whole stretch of the tolled highway in the form of cautioning, informatory and mandatory signs of gantry mounted overhead sizes. Installing precautionary roads signs for controlling vehicle a speed in urban areas and curve stretches. Department (PWD) PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-17

156 9.6 BUDGETS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN The environmental cost is consists of monetary value of the mitigative measures adopted to minimise the negative impact of project on environment. Environmental cost is divided into two categories, i.e. capital cost and operation and maintenance cost. Capital cost is the cost of all the structural measures proposed for environmental protection during construction phase while the operation and maintenance cost include the cost of monitoring air, noise, soil and water and maintaining the structural measures over project life. Table 9.3 Environmental Management Cost No. Components Capital cost during construction (Rs. Lakhs) Recurring cost per annum during operation (Rs. Lakhs) 1. Sewage Treatment Plant Environmental Monitoring (Air, Water, Noise, Biological) Solid Waste Management Green belt Development Occupational Health & safety training. 6. Water supply Total EMP Cost PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 8-18

157 Table 9.4: MONITORING MATRIX-ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN SR.NO. TESTING OF AIR, NOISE, STP, SOIL, OWC FREQUENCY LOCATIONS AMOUNT 1 Ambient Air Monitoring for the parameters (24 h duration): Particulate Matter (PM 10 μm), Particulate Matter (PM 2.5 μm), SO2, NOx, Carbon Monoxide, Ammonia, Lead, Ozone, Arsenic, Nickel, Benzene, Benzo(a)Pyrene Quarterly 4 nos. 58,000 (particulate phase only) 2 Ambient Noise Monitoring (hourly reading for 24 hrs.) Quarterly 4 nos. 4,000 3 Testing of Water Sample for the Parameters: Colour, Odour, Turbidity, ph, Dissolved Solids, Alkalinity, Total Hardness, Calcium, Magnesium, Iron, Chloride, Sulphate, Nitrate, Fluoride, Total Viable Count, Total Quarterly 4 nos. 10,000 Coliforms, E. coli 4 Testing of STP Inlet for the parameters: ph, Suspended Solids, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Quarterly 4 nos. 10,000 Oil & Grease, Total Dissolved Solids, Chloride, Sulphate, Nitrate 5 Testing of STP Outlet for the parameters: ph, Suspended Solids, Biochemical Oxygen Demand, Chemical Oxygen Demand, Oil & Grease, Total Dissolved Solids, Chloride, Sulphate, Nitrate Quarterly 4 nos. 10,000 PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 8-19

158 6 7 Testing of Soil for the parameters: ph (1:5 Suspension), Electrical Conductivity (1:5 Suspension at 250 C), Organic Carbon, Calcium Carbonate, Available Nitrogen (as N), Available Phosphorus (as P), Potassium (as K), Manganese (as Mn), Boron (as B), Copper (as Cu), Iron (as Fe), Zinc (as Zn), Magnesium (as Mg), Sodium (as Na) Analysis of Organic Fertilizer for the parameters: Moisture, Colour, Odour, Particle size, Bulk density, Total Organic Carbon, Total nitrogen, Total Phosphorous, Total Potash, C:N ratio, ph, Conductivity, Arsenic, Cadmium, Chromium, Copper, Mercury, Nickel, Lead, Zinc, Pathogens Quarterly 4 nos. 12,000 Quarterly 4 nos. 52,000 PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 9-20

159 9.7 SOCIO ECONOMIC ENVIRONMENT The social management plan has been designed to take proactive steps and adopt best practices, which are sensitive to the socio-cultural setting of the region. Income Opportunity for Local Community The project provides an employment opportunity for the local community, as tender specification for construction and operation would include a favourable employment opportunities for the locals. The main principles are outlined below: Employment strategy would provide for preferential employment of local labour. General recruitment procedures will be transparent, public and open to all. Recruitment procedures will be publicized in advance. There will be no discrimination on basis of gender, caste or other factors. Contractors would be required to abide to employment priority towards locals and abide by the Indian labour laws regarding standards on employee terms and conditions. The Corporate Socio Responsibility is also of immense importance for these types of project. The PP shall include following in CSR issues: 1. Environmental Education through the local NGO. 2. Awareness programmes for local people through various programmes. 3. Arranging the donation programmes for local municipal/authority schools. 4. Employment opportunities for skilled and un-skilled locals in the area. 5. Awareness programmes to local students for ITI related opportunities. 6. Medical / health check up programmes for locals. 7. Blood donation campaign in the local areas. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 8-21

160 CHAPTER 10-EXECUTIVE SUMMARY 10.1 PROJECT BACKGROUND The proposed project is also one of the same kinds. The proposed project is for setting up a Passenger Jetty and a Boat Repair Facility near Mauje Versave (survey no 28/29), Tal. Vasai, Dist. Thane. The project is proposed by M/s. Hotel Beano Resorts, one of the leading hotels cum resorts in Mumbai. They have proposed to envisage a floating restaurant in the Vasai creek near village Mauje Versave. The passenger terminal/jetty will help people to reach the restaurant from the bank of the creek to the restaurant. Similarly they have also proposed to set up a water sports centre for recreational activities BRIEF DESCRIPTION M/s. Hotel Beano Resorts has proposed to set up boat repair yard, water tourism, water sports & Passenger jetty near Mauje Versave (survey No 28/29), Tal. Vasai, Dist. Thane. The project covers an area of 5058 sq.mt. The project lies in CRZ I and CRZ III areas adjacent to Vasai creek. The main purpose and benefit of the project are: - To provide boat repair yard for maintenance of small sized boats. To provide water sports and water tourism centre in Mumbai. To develop for the first time a floating restaurant of its kind. To increase environmental aesthetic value with green belt, landscaped gardens, recreational point, etc. Proper designing of internal road network To implement all necessary environmental rules and regulations The proposed construction will have following potential project components includes: Energy Water Sewage disposal Fire-fighting system PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-1

161 Infrastructure facilities Land use pattern Solid Waste management The design of the lay out has been done with proper architectural planning considering flat terrain entire plot. The plotting is so made that every plot can enjoy lush green landscape and vegetation cover NEED OF THE PROJECT The proposed project is very essential due to following points which are positive and favorable from various points of views: 1. The proposed jetty project will develop the areas adjacent to the Vasai creek. 2. The project does not displace any rural population. 3. The project envisages employment potential and economic prosperity to local population of the surrounding villages. 4. The fallow and wasteland will be converted to evergreen piece of environment friendly settlement. 5. There will be no hazardous pollution or danger to the environment SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT The major components of the passenger jetty and boat repair yard include the following structures which will be constructed from pre-fabricated concrete structures. The structures are listed below RCC platform for passenger terminal building and drive way Passenger jetty Floating jetty Floating platform Water sports centre Repair Shed PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-2

162 Floating restaurant The associated facilities that are required to be constructed are listed below- Passenger jetty Ferry Terminal on RCC platform Ground level structure as a ferry terminal and the associated offices for ferry operations Waiting rooms for passengers Retail outlets, restaurants and cafes for passengers Security check areas Emergency service facilities Berthing jetty (slips) for ferries and yachts Sewage treatment plant for sewage that from yachts, ferries and passengers using the ferry terminal Water tanks for storage of water to be supplied to ferries and yachts Diesel storage tanks for refueling ferries Battery charging stations for yachts and ferry batteries Given below are some of the highlights of the project Aesthetics: Aesthetics will be a blend of contemporary & Indian Architecture. Statement: The design, use of material & massing of the structures shall be Iconic symbol of seaside architecture matching high quality design, visual f lair & unique functions. This structure will celebrate contemporary surf life styles of coastal architecture. Structures : Boat repair yards and passenger jetty with supporting common amenities like toilets etc. along with public park with aesthetically designed landscape CRZ STATUS The project covers an area of 5058 sq.mt..the proposed project lies in CRZ I and CRZ III adjacent to Vasai Creek PROJECT COST The estimated cost of the project will be Rs Crores PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-3

163 10.7 LAND USE The proposed project plot is polygonal in shape with flat terrain. The total plot area is 5850 sq. Mt. Out of the total area sq.mt lies in CRZ I where as sq.mt lies in CRZ III. The area statement is shown as below in table no. : Area statement SQ.MT Total area of plot 5850 FSI 0.20 Built up Area Permissible 1170 Built up Area Proposed POTENTIAL PROJECT COMPONENTS The said project will be very beneficial from tourism point of view for the city of Mumbai. Any such infrastructure development should be environmentally sustainable and should have taken into consideration all important aspects of environment. Particularly in this project, the major environmental component which may have impacts includes water environment, air quality, noise pollution and vegetation that may be cut/fell during construction WATER ENVIRONMENT WASTE WATER MANAGEMENT SOLID WASTE MANGEMENT FUEL/ELECTRICITY REQUIREMENT INFRSATRUCTURE HUMAN RESOURCE PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-4

164 10.9 BASELINE ENVVIRONMENT STATUS In order to assess the existing environmental status in the project area, primary and secondary data on various environmental attributes viz. air quality, noise levels, water quality, soil, ecology, land use etc have been collected and studied. The entire project area is divided in to various environmental segments in order to establish baseline environmental study. The various 5 locations are selected on the merits of environmental settings in 10km radius SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT The description of Socio-Economic Aspect is an integral part of any Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) study. The study covered as a part of the EIA study is the area within 10 km of the project site which was demarcated as per the guidelines of the MoEFCC. There is no private land acquisition in the project; hence, there will be no project affected families. Vasai Taluka is enriched with beauty of nature and culture. On its east are beautiful green mountains with waterfall and in west is Arabic sea. Historical sites, landscapes, the greenery and pleasant climate is an add on advantage of the vicinity. There is continuous growth in population. The cities are growing rapidly. The rise in population was due to large numbers of migrants from nearby urban area. Where urban areas showed rising trends while the growth trend of rural areas has declined. The population of Vasai Taluka is divided into several castes and ethnic communities. They stay together in peace and harmony. Vasai comprises of agricultural as well as industrial sector along with progressive service sector. There has been tremendous development visible in Vasai. It is recognized as wealthy agricultural region and industrially developed area. The standard of living of villages was found to be comparatively better. High employment status, less number of people under poverty line, remarkable literacy rate, higher participation in economic activities and social indicators show progress and prosperity of Vasai Taluka IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES Based on the project details and the baseline environmental status, potential impacts that are expected to accrue as a result of the proposed project have been identified. The assessment for quite a few disciplines is subjective in nature and cannot be quantified. Wherever possible, the PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-5

165 impacts have been quantified. However, for non-tangible impacts, a qualitative assessment has been done so as to formulate appropriate management measures for them as well. The impacts are both positive as well as negative impacts due to the construction and operation of the proposed passenger jetty, boat repair yard and water sports centre at Mauje Versave. As a part of the study, impacts on various aspects of environment have been assessed. The impacts have been categorized for construction as well as operation phases ENVIRONMENT MONITORING PROGRAMME Monitoring is an essential component for sustainability of any developmental Project. It is an integral part of any environmental assessment process. Any Development project introduces complex inter-relationships in the project area between people, various natural resources, biota and the many developing Forces. Thus, a new environment is created. It is very difficult to predict with complete certainty the exact post-project environmental scenario; hence, monitoring of critical parameters is essential in the post-project phase. Monitoring of environmental indicators signal potential problems and facilitate timely prompt implementation of effective remedial measures. It will also allow for validation of the assumptions and assessments made in the present study. Monitoring becomes essential to ensure that the mitigation measures planned for environmental protection function effectively during the entire period of projects Operation. The data so generated also serves as a data bank for prediction of post-project scenarios in similar projects. Environmental monitoring during the construction phase shall comprise checking: Appropriate permits, certificates, authorizations and Compliance with the EMP and governmental regulations This can be ensured through use of checklists for: Site Establishment. Monthly Audit. Site Closure PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-6

166 Environmental Management Plan implementation monitoring during the construction phase RISK ANALYSIS AND DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN Emergency/disaster is an undesirable occurrence of events of such magnitude and nature that adversely affect operations, cause loss of human lives and property as well as damage to the environment. Jetties and related infrastructure are vulnerable to various kinds of natural and manmade disasters. Examples of natural disaster are flood, cyclone, tsunami, earthquake, lightning, etc., and manmade disasters are like major fire, explosion, sudden heavy leakage of toxic/poisonous gases, civil war, nuclear attacks, terrorist activities, sabotage, etc. It is impossible to reasonably forecast the time and nature of disaster, which might strike a common user infrastructure. An effective disaster management plan helps to minimize the losses in terms of human lives, assets and environmental damage and resumes working condition as soon as possible. Modern approach to disaster management involves the following two steps; Risk Identification Risk Evaluation Risk identification entails: Identification of hazardous events in the installation, which can cause loss of capital equipment, loss of operation, threatens health and safety of employees, threaten public health and damage to the environment. Identification of risk in Jetty processes & areas to determine effective risk reduction measures. Risk evaluation involves calculation of damage potential of the identified hazards with probable damage distances, termed as consequence analysis. Quantitative risk assessment further PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-7

167 evaluates the actual risk due to a probable event occurring over a period of time by factoring in the probability of the event occurring, or frequencies of occurrence of the event. Action plan depends largely on results of risk assessment data and may include one or more of the following: Plan for preventive as well as predictive maintenance Augment facilities for safety, fire fighting, medical (both equipment and manpower) as per requirements of risk analysis. Evolve emergency handling procedure both onsite and offsite. Practice mock drill for ascertaining preparedness for tackling hazards/emergencies at any time of the day ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN An Environment Management Plan is essential for improving the overall environmental management of the site using a combination of strategies and major options to be considered in the physical development of the proposed project, including support for the design process itself. The recommendations have three broad objectives: Mitigation of the adverse environmental and socio-economic impacts identified as a part of the EIA study. Recommendations detailing elements and approaches that can integrate environmental concerns in design, operations and development of necessary physical infrastructures. Provision of a framework for identifying and developing the proposed project as an environmentally friendly Residential and commercial destination complying with international standards for ecology, environment and planning. A judicious application of the recommendations will allow it to be used it as a broad survey of possibilities to inform each step of the development process: from vision building to completion. It may be noted that in addition to regular pollution control methods, the concepts of energy efficiency and pollution prevention are being planned at proposed project through various PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-8

168 programs such as ISO 14001, OHS. Some of the following recommendations will cost less upfront and save money over time, while some may require a higher initial investment, but cut operating costs for the proposed township project. The recommendations to mitigate environmental impact as well as to significantly improve the environmental features of the proposed township project site have been presented under the following sub sections: Ambient Air Quality Management Noise Pollution Management Water Quality Management Socio-economic Environmental Management Impact Mitigation through Improved Design processes and tools; Impact Mitigation through Improved Site planning; Impact Mitigation through Improved Physical infrastructure; Improving Eco Friendliness through Improved Building design; For successful implementation of an EMP, it is important that an effective environmental monitoring cell is set up whose role would be to check the efficiency of the organisational set up responsible for implementation of EMP. There is a centre for environmental excellence, which is the overall umbrella institution responsible for the management and monitoring of the environment of the site. It is also proposed that there should be an Environmental Management Committee (EMC) and an Environment Monitoring Division (EMD). The environmental cost is consists of monetary value of the mitigative measures adopted to minimize the negative impact of project on environment. Environmental cost is divided into two categories, i.e. capital cost and operation and maintenance cost. Capital cost is the cost of all the structural measures proposed for environmental protection during construction phase while the operation and maintenance cost include the cost of monitoring air, noise, soil and water and maintaining the structural measures over project life. PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-9

169 Table no. 9.1: Environmental Management Cost No. Components Capital cost during construction (Rs. Lakhs) Recurring cost per annum during operation (Rs. Lakhs) 1. Sewage Treatment Plant Environmental Monitoring (Air, Water, Noise, Biological) Solid Waste Management Green belt Development Occupational Health & safety training. 6. Water supply Total EMP Cost PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY, BOAT REPAIR FACILITY ANF FLOATING RESTAURANT NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO.28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST.THANE, BY M/s. HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 10-10

170 CHAPTER 11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED M/s. Hotel Beano Resorts., for carrying out the above mentioned study have entrusted Fine Envirotech Engineers. We are one of the leading environmental and environmentally related infrastructure project consultants and completed no. of prestigious projects in the country. It includes Rs. 6,000 crore project of Sewri- Nhava Sheva sea link i.e. Mumbai Trans Harbour Link project, Rs. 500 crore of Inland Passenger Water Transport (IPWT) project. We have been also associated with major industrial houses in India, which includes ELDER PHARMA, DUPHAR GROUP, RUNWAL GROUP (ARIANE PHARMA), VINATI ORGANICS, ETC. along with FINOLEX group, CABOT India, NITCO group, ISPAT group, INDIAN OIL CORPORATION LTD., SAHARA group, etc. We have been also associated with various commercial development projects and companies. This includes RUNWAL GROUP, MATOSHREE REALTORS, FRAVASHI GROUP, SOLITUDE, PWD DEPT., etc. This project consultancy includes designing and commissioning of Sewage Recycling plants, Green Belt development, storm water design, etc. We have our Lead Office in Mumbai at: 102, HIREN INDUSTRIAL ESTATE, MOGUL LANE, MAHIM MUMBAI MAHARASHTRA. To cater the needs of Industrial Corporate Houses in remaining part of the state, we have offices at Pune and Aurangabad. We also have presence in the state of Goa and have office PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 11-1

171 at Ponda. We also have our liasoning offices with our staff at Solapur, Kolhapur, Satara and Nagpur. We have full-fledged office consisting of total of 5 Nos. of Computers operated by engineers themselves along with all the infrastructure facilities. The computers are loaded with different types of programs to cater various requirements. The technical team is led by Dr. U. S. Kulkarni and is assisted by 5 nos. of Engineers. There are 3 nos. of field teams for carrying out various Surveys, Monitoring Programs, Operation and Maintenance. We also have resident engineers who are responsible for their regions. In all FINE ENVIRO is fully self-sufficient, technically competent and therefore can handle any project irrespective of its size and capacity. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 11-2

172 A.2. ABOUT OUR ENGINEERING/ARCHITECT OFFICES: FINE ENVIRO's entire Engineering and Architectural work is being carried out at 2 separate offices in Mulund, Mumbai and also at Pune. Both the offices have their locational advantage with respect to peripheral industrial developments and are very well connected by the State Highways and by Airports. These offices have their own Team Leaders and they independently handle the Engineering and Architectural drawings with the help of their strong technical team. These engineering offices carry out following jobs in general. - Preparation of all drawings viz. layout, hydraulic, GA, RCC etc. - Preparation of Summary Sheets for bill of quantities - Preparation of Comparative Statements - Design of columns, beams, slabs, etc. We have facility to carry out Detailed Designing, Structural Designing, and Fabrication Drawings at our above offices. A.3. ABOUT OUR LABORATORY: This is our heart of the Consultancy Services as we carry out various feasibility and treatability studies before designing a particular project. The laboratory is fully sophisticated and computerized and moreover it is FDA approved laboratory. One can carry out any no. of chemical, physico-chemical analysis of water and wastewater using various analytical instruments. Such a facility of water, wastewater, air monitoring and noise measurements is also available in Pune. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 11-3

173 CURRICULUM VITAE OF DR. UMESH S. KULKARNI (M.Sc., Ph.D) PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 11-4

174 CURRICULUM VITAE NAME & ADDRESS : DR. UMESH SHIVANAND KULKARNI Expert : Environment, Ecology & Health 102, Hiren Industrial Estate, Mogul Lane, Mahim, Mumbai , Maharashtra, India. Resi. : / Office: Fax : Mobile : feefce@bom3.vsnl.net.in PROFESSIONAL QUALIFICATION : Ph.D. (Treatment of Industrial Wastewater) Chemical Engineering Dept. University of Dept. of Chemical Technology (UDCT), University of Mumbai. M. Sc. (Physical Chemistry), University of Mumbai B. SC. (Chemistry), University of Mumbai. Mumbai, B. SC. (Chemistry), University of Mumbai` NATIONALITY : Indian DATE OF BIRTH : 12 / 03 / 1964, Mumbai PROFESSIONAL AFFILIATION : a. Associate Member FICCI b. American Solid Waste Association (ASWA) c. Indian Water Works Association (IWWA) d. Water Environment Federation (WEF) e. Indian Institute of Environment Sciences(IIES) f. International Eco Tourism Society (IETS) g. Associate member Indo Brazilian Society h. Member - Maharashtra Economic Development Corporation ( MEDC ) PROFESSIONAL EXPERTISE : 1. Environmental Infrastructure Projects 2. Public Health and Bio-Medical Waste Sciences 3. Environment & Ecological Sciences 4. Hazardous Waste Management / Municipal Waste Management 5. Eco Tourism PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 11-5

175 6. Development of Large Industrial Areas pertaining to Environmental Aspects 7. Environment Impact Assessment (EIA) 8. ISO Water Audit and Water Conservation 10. Lake Ecology and Restoration PROFESSIONAL ACHIEVEMENTS : a. Appointed as Expert member on Steering Committee of FICCI, Western Region b. Appointed as Expert Member on Advisory Committee of National Hydro-Electric Power Corporation (NHPC) on the Environmental Aspects, Ministry of Power, New Delhi. c. Nominated as Expert Member on Committee Formulation of Bio-Medical Rules 1998 by Ministry of Environment and Forest, New Delhi, (MoEF) d. Appointed as Technical Board Member of Maharashtra Pollution Control Board MPCB), Government of Maharashtra. e. Nominated as an Expert member of Indian Institute of Rural Development (IIRD) (Joint Venture with Govt. of Rajasthan, WHO, UNDP etc.) f. Member Industrial and Environment Committee of Indian Merchant s Chambers (IMC). g. Nominated as Expert Member on Environment Committee of Maharashtra Economic Development Corporation ( MEDC ) h. Appointed as Hon. Secretary of Indo- Brazilian Society by The Ho. Consul Of Brazil ASSOCIATED CORPORATES : 1. Director Ashok Alco-Chem Ltd. 2. Director Ashok Alco Bio-Chem Ltd 3. Director Vivid Chemicals Ltd. 4. CEO International Infrastructure Projects and Labs. (IIPL) PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 11-6

176 Professional expertise includes Doctorate Degree in the field of Environment and Pollution Control form Chemical Engineering Department of University Department of Chemical Technology (UDCT), University of Mumbai. Associated with no. of Govt. & Departments such as NHAI, MSRDC, MIDC, MMRDA, MPCB, Dept. of Health, Water Resources etc., MoEF, MNES, NHPC, WAPCOS, NEERI. Also associated with no. of professional bodies such as IMC, BCCI, FCCI, CII, TERI, WHO, UNDP and also associated with no of Universities for their curriculum in the field of Environment and Ecology. Recently developing Marine Bio Technology Department in Ruparel College, Mumbai. PUBLICATIONS AND VISITS: No. of research papers have been published in India and Foreign Journals including Indian Journal of Environment, American Chemical Society, Journal of Public Health etc. Also delivered and presented no of research papers in person at various International level conferences at USA and Singapore Recently presented research paper at 5 TH European Conference on Environment and Ecology at Prague, Czech Republic, in Oct Attended no. of Conferences and Exhibitions at Singapore in the past. PATENT: Involved in application of an Indian Patent for Separation and Recovery of micro level Lignin from Bagasse (Pulp Effluents) Recently selected as qualified for Government of Maharashtra for carrying out Water and Energy audits as per World Bank standards. PROPOSAL TO SET UP A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS 11-7

177 ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT THE DEVELOPMENT OF A PASSENGER JETTY AND A BOAT REPAIR FACILITY NEAR MAUJE VERSAVE (SURVEY NO 28/29), TAL. VASAI, DIST. THANE, STATE MAHARASHTRA BY HOTEL BEANO RESORTS BY, MAHIM

178 CONTENTS CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION TO REPORT Page no. 1.1 INTRODUCTION ABOUT PROJECT SIGNIFICANCE OF THE EIA STUDY REQUIREMENTS FOR ENVIRONMENTAL CLEARANCE SCOPE OF EIA OBJECTIVES STUDY AREA APPROACHES AND METHODOLOGY Establishing Baseline Environmental Status Anticipated Environmental Impacts Environmental Management Plan 1-7 CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 INTRODUCTION PROJECT DESCRIPTION NEED OF THE PROJECT SALIENT FEATURES PROJECT OBJECTIVES AND RATIONAL GEOGRAPHICAL SETTINGS PROJECT COST APPROACH AND ACCESSABILITY LAND USE POTENTIAL PROJECT COMPONENTS WATER REQUIREMENT FIRE FIGHTING EQUIPMENT ELECTRIC SUPPLY DRAINAGE AND SEWERAGE SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT HUMAN RESOURCE INFRASTRUCTURE PLANNING 2-21 CHAPTER 3 - DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES) 3.0 SCOPE OF WORK BASELINE ENVIRONMENT STATUS TOPOGRAPHY AND GEOLOGY Topography Geology Climate Temperature Rainfall Relative Humidity Fog 3-6

179 3.2.8 Cloud cover Winds Rainfall AIR ENVIRONEMENT Ambient Air Quality Survey Results and Conclusions WATER ENVIRONMENT Introduction Surface Water Ground Water Baseline Status-Surface Water NOISE QUALITY Introduction Results & Discussion LAND USE TRAFFIC MANAGEMENT SOIL Reconnaissance Baseline Status Soil Characteristics ECOLOGY AND BIO- DIVERSITY Terrestrial Ecology Marine Ecology REHABILITATION AND RESETTLEMENT MANGROVE RESTORATION PLAN 3-29 CHAPTER 4-SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4.1 INTRODUCTION GEOGRAPHICAL ASPECTS OF VASAI TALUKA DEMOGRAPHIC STATUS OF VASAI TALUKA Population Literacy Rate Poverty Religious History ECONOMIC STATUS OF VASAI TALUKA Agriculture Industries Marine Activities Mineral resources Trade Transport Civic administration Education Status Medical facilities Social development indicators CONCLUSION 4-9

180 CHAPTER 5 IMPACT ANALYSIS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 5.1 INTRODUCTION IMPACTS DURING CONSTRUCTION PHASE Air Quality Land Environment Water Environment Noise Quality Impacts on cultural/religious/historical monuments Impacts on Aquatic Ecology Impacts on Land use Pattern of the Area Impacts on Socio-Economic Environment Impact on local economy Solid waste Employment IMPACTS DURING PROJECT OPERATION PHASE Air Environment Noise Environment Water environment Land Environment Solid waste Management Socio-Economic Environment BENEFICIAL IMPACTS ADVERSE IMPACTS IMPACT/RISK EVALUATION 5-17 CHAPTER 6 - ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 6.1 THE NEED AREAS OF CONCERN WATER QUALITY SOIL QUALITY AMBIENT AIR QUALITY Construction Phase Opération Phase NOISE BIOLOGICAL ENVIRONMENT SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 6-8 CHAPTER 7 ADDITIONAL STUDIES (DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN) 7.1 INTRODUCTION APPROACH TO THE DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN SCOPE OBJECTIVE IDENTIFICATION AND ASSESSMENT OF HAZARDS PLANNING DURING CONCEPTUAL STAGE DISASTERS & RISKS 7-4

181 7.8 DISASTER CONTROL/RESPONSE PLAN Objectives of the Plan Objectives of the Plan Onsite Emergency as Statutory Requirement Content of the Onsite DMP Key Personnel of the Jetty and Responsibilities in the Event of Emergency Details of First Aid and Hospital Services Available Rehearsal and Testing OFFSITE ACTION IN THE EVENT OF AN EMERGENCY 7-16 CHAPTER 8 PROJECT BENEFITS 8.1 INTRODUCTION NEED OF THE PROJECT SALIENT FEATURES OF THE PROJECT BENEFITS OF THE PROJECTS 8-2 CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 INTRODUCTION AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MANAGEMENT Controlling Fugitive Dust Controlling CO levels Controlling NOx levels Occupational Health And Safety Measures To Control Dust Inhalation Fire Hazards NOISE POLLUTION CONTROL Occupational Health And Safety Measures To Control Exposure to Noise WATER QUALITY MANAGEMENT Water Resources Sewage Treatment/ Management ENVIRONMENTAL CONTROL & MONITORING PROGRAMME Environmental Management Committee (EMC) Environmental Monitoring Division (EMD) Responsibilities of Supervisors in the Environmental Management Team 9-7 Manager (Environment) Monitoring Schedule and Parameters Budgets For Environmental Management Plan Socio Economic Environment 9-16 CHAPTER 10 SUMMARY AND CONCLUSIONS INTRODUCTION BRIEF DESCRIPTION NEED OF PROJECT REGULATORY STATUS DETAILS OF THE SITE Energy Requirement Water Requirement 10-6

182 Sewage Generation, Treatment and Reuse Solid Waste Management RWH/SWD Systems Fuel Requirement Fire-Fighting system Infrastructure Facilities BASELINE ENVIRONMENT Air Quality Water Quality Noise Quality Soil Quality Biological / Ecological Environment Land use Pattern Socio-Economic Status Solid-Waste Management Topography Traffic Management DISASTER MANAGEMENT PLAN Environmental Management Plan Construction Method ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT (EIA) AND ENVIRONMENT MANAGEMENT PLAN Environmental Scenario Environmental Impact Assessment (EIA) Approach and Methodology Baseline study Project Impact Assessment Formulation of Mitigative Measures CONCLUSIONS CHAPTER 11 DISCLOSURE OF CONSULTANT ENGAGED 11-1

183 LIST OF TABLES CHAPTER 1 - INTRODUCTION TO REPORT 1.1 GENERAL STRUCTURE OF ENVIRONMENT IMPACT ASSESSMENT REPORT 1-8 CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 PROXIMITY OF THE PROPOSED SITE TO BASIC AMINITIES AREA STATEMENT TENEMENT STATEMENT PARKING AREA CALCULATIONS PARKING STATEMENT AS PER NBC NORMS ENERGY REQUIREMENT STATEMENT ENERGY SAVING STATEMENT WATER BALANCE STATEMENT SEWAGE GENERATION DURING OPERATION PHASE SOLID WASTE GENERATION STATEMENT RWH/SWD DETAILS 2-27 CHAPTER 3 - DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES) 3.1 ENVIRONMENTAL STUDY AREA ENVIRONMENTAL SETTINGS TEMPERATURE OBSERVED AT 5 SAMPLED LOCATIONS TEMPERATURE OF VASAI TALUKA TEMPERATURE OF THANE DISTRICT RELATIVE HUMIDITY WIND DIRECTION AND WIND SPEED RAINFALL AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING STANDARDS (CPCB) AVERAGE AMBIENT AIR MONITORING REPORT WATER QUALITY SAMPLING LOCATIONS WATER ANALYSIS REPORT AVERAGE OF NOISE DATA FOR PROJECT AREAS PERMISSIBLE NOISE LEVEL (CPCB STANDARDS) SAMPLING LOCATIONS FOR SOIL QUALITY MONITORING PHYSICO-CHEMICAL CHARACTERISTICS OF SOIL LIST OF COMMON PLANTS OCCURRING IN THE PROJECT AREA MAJOR WILD LIFE SPECIES OBSERVED IN THE PROJECT AREA MAJOR FISHES FOUND IN PROJECT SITE 3-27 CHAPTER 4-SOCIO-ECONOMIC IMPACT ASSESSMENT 4.1 COMPARATIVE POPULATION OF VASAI VASAI TALUKA S LITERACY RATE POVERTY DETAILS 4-4

184 4.4 TOTAL CULTIVATED LANDS IN HECTARES EDUCATIONAL INSTITUTIONS IN VASAI TALUKA HOSPITALS IN VASAI TALUKA SOCIAL INDICATORS 4-10 CHAPTER 5: IMPACT ASSESSMENT AND MITIGATION MEASURES 5.1 AVERAGE NOISE LEVELS GENERATED BY THE OPERATION OF 5-6 VARIOUS CONSTRUCTION EQUIPMENTS 5.2 INCREASE IN NOISE LEVELS DUE TO INCREASED VEHICULAR 5-7 MOVEMENT 5.3 NOISE GENERATED DUE TO DRILLING MAXIMUM EXPOSURE PERIODS SPECIFIED BY OSHA ENVIRONMENTAL IMPACTS AND MITIGATION MEASURES 5-18 CHAPTER 6 - ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME 6.1 THE SUMMARY OF ENVIRONMENTAL MONITORING PROGRAMME FOR IMPLEMENTATION DURING PROJECT CONSTRUCTION AND OPERATION PHASE 6-6 CHAPTER 9 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9.1 MONITORING SCHEDULE AND PARAMETERS REPORTING OF THE MAJOR- PARAMETERS AND RESPONSIBLE 9-10 ORGANIZATION 9.3 ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT COST MONITORING MATRIX-ENVIRONMENTAL MANAGEMENT PLAN 9-15 LIST OF FIGURES CHAPTER 2 - PROJECT DESCRIPTION 2.1 LOCATION PLAN GOOGLE IMAGE LAYOUT PLAN CRZ AREA MASTER LAYOUT CROSS SECTION DRAWING OF PROPOSED JETTY SOLID WASTE MANAGEMENT SYSTEM LOCATION RWH SYSTEMS DESIGN RWH/STORM WATER DRAIN LAYOUT FIRE TENDER LAYOUT PROPOSED GREEN BELT 2-32

185 CHAPTER 3 - DESCRIPTION OF THE ENVIRONMENT (BASELINE ENVIRONMENTAL STUDIES) 3.1 MONITORING LOCATION MAP IMPACT NETWORK ON AIR ENVIRONMENT AMBIENT AIR QUALITY MONITORING RESULTS IMPACT NETWORK ON NOISE ENVIRONMENT NOISE LEVELS MONITORING DATA IMPACT NETWORK ON LAND ENVIRONMENT MANGROVE REPLANTATION SITES 3-36 CHAPTER 05 : ALTERNATIVE TECHNOLOGIES 5.1 BUILDING PHASES BREAK-UP OF ENERGY CONSUMPTION IN A BUILDING TYPICAL BREAK-UP OF HEAT GAIN IN A BUILDING 5-7

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188 PROPOSED PASSENGER JETTY FLOATING RESTAURANT SLIPWAY PLAN MEC CONSULTANTS CONSULTANTS MAHARASHTRA MARITIME BOARD

189