J HVTSS February Supersedes J3311-DSD May Driveshaft Installation

Transcription

1 J HVTSS February 2005 Supersedes J3311-DSD May 1994 Driveshaft Installatin

2 Safety Precautins General Safety Infrmatin T prevent injury t yurself and /r damage t the equipment: Read carefully all wners manuals, service manuals, and/r ther instructins. Always fllw prper prcedures and use prper tls and safety equipment. Be sure t receive prper training. Never wrk alne while under a vehicle r while repairing r maintaining equipment. Always use prper cmpnents in applicatins fr which they are apprved. Be sure t assemble cmpnents prperly. Never use wrn-ut r damaged cmpnents. Always blck any raised r mving device that may injure a persn wrking n r under a vehicle. Never perate the cntrls f the pwer take-ff r ther driven equipment frm any psitin that culd result in getting caught in the mving machinery. WARNING: GUARDING AUXILIARY DRIVESHAFTS We strngly recmmend that a pwer take-ff and a directly munted pump be used t eliminate the auxiliary driveshaft whenever pssible. If an auxiliary driveshaft is used and remains expsed after installatin, it is the respnsibility f the vehicle designer and PTO installer t install a guard. WARNING: USING SET SCREWS Auxiliary driveshafts may be installed with either recessed r prtruding set screws. If yu chse a square head set screw, yu shuld be aware that it will prtrude abve the hub f the yke and may be a pint where clthes, skin, hair, hands, etc. culd be snagged. A scket head set screw, which may nt prtrude abve the hub f the yke, des nt permit the same amunt f trquing as des a square head set screw. Als a square head set screw, if used with a lck wire, will prevent lsening f the screw caused by vibratin. Regardless f the chice made with respect t a set screw, an expsed rtating auxiliary driveshaft must be guarded. WARNING: THIS SYMBOL WARNS OF POSSIBLE PERSONAL INJURY. WARNING: ROTATING DRIVESHAFTS Rtating auxiliary driveshafts are dangerus. Yu can snag clthes, skin, hair, hands, etc. This can cause serius injury r death. D nt g under the vehicle when the engine is running. D nt wrk n r near an expsed shaft when engine is running. Shut ff engine befre wrking n pwer take-ff r driven equipment. Expsed rtating driveshafts must be guarded.

3 Table f Cntents Intrductin... 1 Driveshaft Trque... 2 Cmmn Causes f Vibratins... 3 Universal Jint Operating Angles... 5 Eliminating Cmpund Angle Induced Vibratins Multiple Shaft Installatins Munting a Midship-Munted PTO, Pump, r Auxiliary Transmissin Maximum Safe Operating Speed Table f Cntents

4 General Infrmatin Intrductin This brchure is intended fr: Installers wh install Spicer driveshafts int an applicatin where the transmissin and axle are nt in direct line with each ther, causing the driveshaft universal jints t perate at an angle. Anyne experiencing vibratin prblems with their applicatin r their vehicle that driveshaft assembly balancing will nt crrect. Truck Equipment Distributrs wh: Re-wrk a chassis t change the wheel base. Install a midship munted pwer take-ff r fire pump. Munt any ther PTO-driven device such as a blwer, hydraulic pump, r hydraulic mtr. Universal jint failures, as a rule, are f a prgressive nature, which, when they ccur, generally accelerate rapidly resulting in a mass f melted trunnins and bearings. Sme recgnizable signs f universal jint deteriratin are: 1. Vibratins - Driver shuld reprt t maintenance. 2. Universal jint lseness - End play acrss bearings. 3. Universal jint disclratin due t excessive heat build-up. 4. Inability t purge all fur trunnin seals when re-lubing universal jint. Items 2) thru 4) shuld be checked at re-lube cycle and, if detected, reprted t the maintenance supervisr fr investigatin. Experience with universal jint failures has shwn that a significant majrity are related t lubricating film breakdwn. This may be caused by a lack f lubricant, inadequate lube quality fr the applicatin, inadequate initial lubricatin, r failure t lubricate prperly and ften enugh. Failures which are nt the result f lubricatin film breakdwn are assciated with the installatin, angles and speeds, and manufacturing discrepancies. Driveshaft failures thrugh trque, fatigue, and bending are assciated with verlad, excessively high universal jint angles, and drive shaft lengths excessive fr perating speeds. 1

5 Driveshaft Trque The fllwing prblems are usually a result f trque verlads: Twisted driveshaft tube Brken yke shaft, slip yke, tube yke, flange yke, end yke Brken jurnal crss Hw much trque can be generated in yur applicatin? Engine Trans. Axle Hw t Calculate Trque: LGT = T x TLGR x TE x SR x TCR x C LGT = Maximum Driveshaft Lw Gear Trque SR = Trque Cnverter Stall Rati (if applicable) T = Net Engine Trque r 95% f the Grss Engine Trque TCR = Transfer Case Rati (if applicable) TLGR = Transmissin Lw Gear Rati (frward)* C = Transfer Case Efficiency (if applicable, 0.95) TE = Transmissin Efficiency (autmatic = 0.8; manual = 0.85) Driveshaft Trque Hw t Calculate Wheel Slip: WST = (.71 x W x RR) / (11.4 x AR) WST = Wheel Slip Trque Applied t the Driveshaft W = Axle Capacity (lbs) RR = Tire Rlling Radius (in) AR = Axle Rati Fr On Rad Applicatins Relate the lesser f abve t Spicer universal jint ratings. If yur trque exceeds the Spicer rating fr the universal jint used in yur applicatin, switch t a size with a rating cmpatible t yur calculatin. Hwever, the series selected cannt be mre than ne series belw the series called fr by the LGT calculatin. Fr Off Rad r On-Off Rad Applicatins Use Lw Gear Trque value nly t verify r switch t a size with a rating cmpatible t yur calculatin. 2

6 Cmmn Causes f Vibratins The three mst cmmn causes f driveshaft vibratin are: Driveshaft Imbalance, Critical Speed, and Universal Jint Operating Angles. Driveshaft Imbalance Eliminate the ptential fr balance prblems befre yu undertake any ther measures. A driveshaft n a vehicle usually rtates at a higher rate f speed than the tire. Fr that reasn, like tires, driveshafts shuld be balanced. Any time yu build r rewrk a driveshaft, make sure it is dynamically balanced at, 3000 RPM fr Light Duty r 2500 RPM fr Heavy Duty, t the fllwing specificatins: Series Specificatin 1310, z-in ttal at each end f shaft * 1350, z-in ttal at each end f shaft * z-in fr each ten punds f driveshaft weight divided prprtinally at each end f shaft * Passenger Car, Light Truck, Van, and SUV nly. Industrial, Mbile Off-Highway, PTO, etc. same as Critical Speed Every driveshaft has a critical speed. Critical speed is the pint at which a rtating driveshaft begins t bw ff its nrmal rtating centerline. Driveshafts begin t vibrate as they apprach critical speed. If they are perated at near critical speed fr an extended perid, they ften fail. This can damage the vehicle and pssibly injure persns nearby. As a driveshaft fabricatr r installer, yu are respnsible fr checking the safe perating speed f any driveshaft yu fabricate r specify int an applicatin. Make sure it will nt perate at a speed higher than Spicer s recmmended safe perating speed. Use Spicer Calculatr (P/N J 3253) t determine safe perating speed. Checking fr a Pssible Critical Speed Prblem Here is what yu must d t make sure yu wn t have a critical speed prblem: Determine the safe perating speed f the driveshaft yu want t use in yur applicatin. Insert the tube diameter and center-t-center installed length f the shaft yu want t use int a Spicer Safe Operating Speed Calculatr (P/N. J3253). The calculatr will tell yu the safe perating speed f the shaft yu have chsen. Determine the NORMAL and MAXIMUM POSSIBLE perating speed f the driveshaft. REMEMBER: On vehicles with a standard transmissin that have a 1:1 direct drive high gear and n verdrive, MAXIMUM POS- SIBLE driveshaft RPM is the same as the maximum pssible ENGINE RPM. On vehicles that have an verdrive transmissin, MAXIMUM POSSIBLE driveshaft RPM is higher than maximum pssible ENGINE RPM. 3

7 Maximum Pssible Driveshaft RPM T calculate the maximum pssible driveshaft RPM in vehicles having an verdrive transmissin, divide the maximum pssible engine RPM by the verdrive rati. (See examples belw.) Example 1: Max. engine RPM: 2100 Overdrive rati: /.79 = 2658 maximum pssible driveshaft RPM Example 2: Max. engine RPM 6000 Overdrive rati: / maximum pssible driveshaft RPM Cmpare the maximum pssible driveshaft RPM with the safe perating speed determined frm the Safe Operating Speed Calculatr. If the maximum pssible driveshaft RPM meets r exceeds the safe perating speed determined frm the calculatr, yu must d whatever is required t raise the critical speed f the driveshaft yu have chsen fr the applicatin. Sample Specificatin: T specify a driveshaft fr the applicatin described in Example 1 abve, cmpare the safe perating speed fr the driveshaft selected with the maximum pssible driveshaft RPM calculated (2658 RPM). Make sure the safe perating speed f the driveshaft is greater than 2658 RPM. Changing the Safe Operating Speed f a Driveshaft Cmmn Causes f Vibratin A driveshaft s safe perating speed can be raised by increasing its tube diameter r by shrtening the installed center-t-center length f the driveshaft. Changing the installed length f a driveshaft will require the use f multiple driveshafts with center bearings. Imprtant: The critical speed f an assembly can be affected by driveshaft imbalance, imprper universal jint perating angles, r imprperly phased driveshafts. (A prperly phased driveshaft has the in-bard ykes f the shaft in line with each ther.) Each f the abve items will tend t lwer the true critical speed frm the values shwn n the calculatr. Since critical speed can ultimately cause driveshaft failure, it is extremely imprtant t be very precise in all applicatins. 4

8 Universal Jint Operating Angles Every Universal Jint that Operates at an Angle Creates a Vibratin Universal jint perating angles are prbably the mst cmmn causes f driveline vibratin in vehicles that have been rewrked, r in vehicles that have had auxiliary equipment installed. Universal jint perating angles are a primary surce f prblems cntributing t: Vibratins Reduced universal jint life Prblems with ther drivetrain cmpnents that may include: - Transmissin gear failures - Synchrnizer failures - Differential prblems - Premature seal failures in axles, transmissins, pumps, r blwers - Premature failure f gears, seals, and shafts in Pwer Take-Offs When yu rewrk a chassis r install a new driveshaft in a vehicle, make sure that yu fllw the basic rules that apply t universal jint perating angles: RULE 1: UNIVERSAL JOINT OPERATING ANGLES AT EACH END OF A DRIVESHAFT SHOULD ALWAYS BE AT LEAST 1 DEGREE. RULE 2: UNIVERSAL JOINT OPERATING ANGLES ON EACH END OF A DRIVESHAFT SHOULD ALWAYS BE EQUAL WITHIN 1 DE- GREE OF EACH OTHER (ONE HALF DEGREE FOR MOTOR HOMES AND SHAFTS IN FRONT OF TRANSFER CASE OR AUXILIARY DEVICE). RULE 3: FOR VIRTUAL VIBRATION FREE PERFORMANCE, UNIVERSAL JOINT OPERATING ANGLES SHOULD NOT BE LARGER THAN 3 DEGREES. IF THEY ARE, MAKE SURE THEY DO NOT EXCEED THE MAXIMUM RECOMMENDED ANGLES. A universal jint perating angle is the angle that ccurs at each end f a driveshaft when the utput shaft f the transmissin and driveshaft and the input shaft f the axle and driveshaft are nt in line. (See Fig 1) The cnnecting driveshaft perates with an angle at each universal jint. It is that angle that creates a vibratin. Engine Trans. Driveshaft Axle Operating Angles Figure 1 5

9 Reducing and Canceling Vibratin A key pint t remember abut universal jint perating angles: T reduce the amunt f vibratin, the angles n each end f a driveshaft shuld always be SMALL. T cancel an angle vibratin, the universal jint perating angles need t be EQUAL within 1 degree at each end f a driveshaft. On mtr hme applicatins and auxiliary transmissin installatins, the tlerance is 1/2 degree. (See Fig 2) Trans. Make angles small Axle Make angles equal Figure 2 U-Jint Operating Angles 6

10 Spicer Dana Spicer Dana Spicer Dana Spicer Dana Dana Installatin Techniques Single Plane and Cmpund Universal Jint Operating Angles There are tw types f universal jint perating angles: Single Plane and Cmpund. Single Plane Single Plane angles ccur when the transmissin and axle cmpnents are in line when viewed frm either the tp r side, but nt bth. Determining the universal jint perating angle in an applicatin where the cmpnents are in line when viewed frm the tp, but nt in line when viewed frm the side, is as simple as measuring the slpe f the cmpnents in the side view, and adding r subtracting thse slpes t determine the angle. (See Fig. 3) These angles shuld be small and equal within 1 degree. Legend Engine Spicer Anglemaster Anglemaster Spicer Dana Trans. Bubbletype prtractr Anglemaster Dana Spicer Anglemaster 1 a 2 Anglemaster Anglemaster 3 b c 4 Axle 5 d Anglemaster Axle 6 Figure 3 The mst cnvenient way t determine universal jint angles in the side view is thrugh the use f a Spicer Anglemaster r a bubble type prtractr. Using an Anglemaster r a bubble prtractr, recrd inclinatin angles f drivetrain cmpnents. Set Anglemaster r prtractr n machined surfaces f engine, transmissin, axle, r n machined lugs f transmissin and axle yke(s). Nte: Universal jint angles can change significantly in a laded situatin. Therefre, check vehicle laded and unladed t achieve the accepted angle cancellatin. Example: Engine-Transmissin Output 4 30 Dwn (1) Main Driveshaft 7 00 Dwn (2) Input 1st Rear Axle 4 00 Up (Input Shaft Nse Up) (3) Output 1st Rear Axle 4 00 Dwn (4) Inter-axle Shaft 7 00 Dwn (5) Input 2nd Rear Axle 4 15 Up (Pinin Shaft Nse Up) (6) Nte: If inclinatin f driveshaft is ppsite cnnecting cmpnent, add angles t btain the universal jint perating angle. Angle a = (2) - (1) = = 2 30 (2.50 ) Angle b = (2) - (3) = = 3 00 (3.00 ) Angle c = (5) - (4) = = 3 00 (3.00 ) Angle d = (5) - (6) = = 2 45 (2.75 ) 7

11 Determining the universal jint perating angles n a driveshaft that is straight when viewed frm the side and ffset when viewed frm the tp requires the use f a special chart (See Angle Chart). In this type f applicatin, the centerlines f the cnnected cmpnents must be parallel when viewed frm the tp as shwn. These angles als shuld be small and equal within 1 degree. (See Fig. 4) Engine B x Trans. x A Axle Angles in Tp View Figure 4 Measure dimensins "A" and "B" shwn in figure 4. Use the instructins in the angle chart belw t determine the size f the angle. Lk at the Angle Chart and nte that the smaller the ffset, the smaller the resultant angle. T reduce the pssibility f vibratin, keep any ffset between cnnected pints t a minimum. There are tw things yu can d t always make sure Single Plane angles are SMALL and EQUAL: Make sure the transmissin and axle are munted s their centerlines are parallel when viewed frm bth the side and the tp. Make sure the ffset between them is small in bth views. ANGLE CHART Dimensin B (inches) Example: (See Fig. 4) 1. Measure Dimensin "A" 2. Determine Dimensin "B" Using chart, determine angle "x" by finding the intersectin pint f a dimensin "A" vertical line and a dimensin "B" hrixntal line. Fr Driveshafts Having An Angle in the Tp View Operating Angle x U-Jint Operating Angles Dimensin A (inches)

12 Cmpund Angles Cmpund universal jint perating angles ccur when the transmissin and axle are nt in line when viewed frm BOTH the tp and side. Their centerlines, hwever, are parallel in bth views. (See Fig. 5) Engine Trans. Axle Tp View Parallel Centerlines Engine Trans. Driveshaft Axle Side View Parallel Centerlines Figure 5 When yu have a cmpund angle, yu have t calculate the "True Universal Jint Operating Angle" f each universal jint. It is the True Universal Jint Operating Angle that must meet the three rules shwn n page 5. 9

13 True Universal Jint Operating Angle The True Universal Jint Operating Angle, which must be calculated fr each end f the shaft with cmpund angles, is a cmbinatin f the universal jint perating angle in the tp view, as determined frm the chart, and the measured universal jint perating angle in the side view. T determine the true universal jint perating angle fr ne end f a shaft, (cmpund angle C in the frmula shwn in Fig. 6) insert the universal jint perating angle measurement btained in the side view and the universal jint perating angle btained frm the chart int the frmula. T (2.15 ) (2.50 ) S Angle in Tp View (frm Chart) Cmpund Angle (C ) = T = 2.15 (A calculated angle) S = 2.5 (The measured angle) 2 2 T + S SideView U-Jint Operating Angles 2 2 C = C = C = 3.3 (True perating angle) Figure 6 D the same fr the ther end f the shaft. Cmpare the resultant calculated universal jint perating angle fr each end. They shuld be EQUAL within 1 degree. If they re nt, the driveshaft will vibrate. 10

14 Eliminating Cmpund Angle Induced Vibratins Cmpund universal jint perating angles are ne f the mst cmmn causes f driveline vibratin. T avid theses prblems, remember these imprtant pints: When setting up an applicatin that requires cmpund universal jint perating angles, always keep the centerlines f the transmissin and axle parallel in bth views. Always keep the ffset between their hrizntal and vertical centerlines small. Keep Angles Equal Tp View Engine Trans. and Offset Small Axle Engine Trans. Side View Less Than 3 Axle Small Offset Figure 7 Nte: Centerlines f transmissin and axle must be parallel in bth tp and side views t use this methd f determining true universal jint perating angle. Please cntact Spicer Driveshaft Engineering if yu have an applicatin where the cmpnents cannt be installed with their centerlines parallel. If adjustments must be made t the system: Install shims between the axle husing and springs t rtate the axle input yke t change perating angles. Change perating angle n trque arm type suspensins by lengthening r shrtening trque arms. Raise, lwer, r shift side-t-side a pump, blwer, r ther piece f auxiliary equipment t change perating angles. Nte: It is imprtant t remember t keep the centerlines f tw cmpnents that are cnnected by a driveshaft parallel in bth the tp and side views, s the perating angles will ALWAYS be equal. 11

15 Angle Size The magnitude f a vibratin created by a universal jint perating angle is prprtinal t the size f the universal jint perating angle. Spicer Engineers recmmend true universal jint perating angles f 3 degrees r less. Obtain the true universal jint perating angle, as explained abve, and if it is greater than 3 degrees, cmpare it t this chart. Driveshaft Maximum Interaxle RPM Operating Angle Parallel Intersecting The angles shwn n this chart are the maximum universal jint perating angles recmmended by Spicer Engineers and are directly related t the speed f the driveshaft. Any universal jint perating angle greater than 3 degrees will lwer universal jint life and may cause a vibratin. Remember t check maximum safe driveshaft RPM by using the Spicer Safe Operating Speed Calculatr. Cmpund Angle Vibratins 12

16 Multiple Shaft Installatins Multiple Shaft Set Up Recmmendatins In general, multiple shaft installatins fllw the same guidelines, except there are different recmmendatins fr setting up the driveline: Fr a 2-shaft applicatin, set up the first cupling shaft (smetimes called a jackshaft) s that the universal jint perating angle that ccurs at the transmissin end is 1 t 1-1/2 degrees. (See Fig. 8) Figure 8 1 t 1-1/2 True Angle Center Bearing Try t avid building a cmpund universal jint perating angle int the first cupling shaft by installing it in line with the transmissin. If it ends up being cmpund, make sure the true universal jint perating angle, determined by using the infrmatin mentined earlier, is 1 t 1-1/2 degrees. Install r tilt the axle s it is munted n the same angle as the first cupling shaft (the centerlines f the axle and the first cupling shaft will be parallel). Nte: BY FOLLOWING THIS PROCEDURE, THE UNIVERSAL JOINT OPERATING ANGLE AT EACH END OF THE LAST SHAFT WILL AUTOMATICALLY BE EQUAL. (See Fig. 9) 13

17 True angle 1 t 1-1/2 Adjust the axle t be n the same angle as the first shaft Center Bearing Figure 9 These angles will autmatically be equal If there is an ffset in the installatin f the axle, make sure it des nt create t large f a cmpund universal jint perating angle. Whenever pssible, munt the axle directly in line with the first cupling shaft (when viewed frm the tp). Multiple Shaft Installatins Check the actual universal jint perating angle at the rear f the first cupling shaft. If it is less than 1º and the transmissin universal jint perating angle is greater than 1.5º, rtate the end yke at the center bearing psitin s that the ears f the yke are 90º t the ears f the tube yke n the transmissin end f the cupling shaft. (See Fig. 10) As an alternative, rtate the slip yke n the driveshaft 90º if the slip spline has 16 teeth. On same angle Figure 10 Rtate Yke If this angle is less than 1, rtate yke as shwn 14

18 On applicatins having mre than tw shafts, munt the first cupling shaft as utlined in the preceding example, and each additinal cupling shaft at a 1 t 1-1/2 degree universal jint perating angle t the previus cupling shaft. Install r tilt the axle t the same angle as the last fixed cupling shaft s the centerline f the axle and the last fixed cupling shaft are parallel. Nte: THIS ASSURES THE UNIVERSAL JOINT OPEARTING ANGLE AT EACH END OF THE LAST SHAFT WILL AUTOMATICALLY BE EQUAL (See Fig. 11). 1 t 1-1/2 Angle Check size f these angles. D nt exceed maximums. Shaft 1 Shaft 2 Munt n same angle as shaft #2 Figure 11 15

19 Munting a Midship-Munted PTO, Pump, r Auxiliary Transmissin When installing a midship-munted PTO, auxiliary transmissin, r midship-munted pump int the main driveline f a vehicle, install it at the same angle as the transmissin. Keep the ffset t a minimum t reduce universal jint perating angles. Nte: D nt make the universal jint perating angle less than 1/2 degree. Befre blting the device in place, check the universal jint perating angles that ccur at each end f the driveshaft. They must be 1 t 1-1/2 degrees and they must be equal t within 1/2 degree fr this type f applicatin. If the device ends up being installed in direct line with the transmissin, with little r n universal jint perating angle n the jints, raise r lwer it s there is enugh ffset t create the required 1 t 1-1/2 degree universal jint perating angle n each end f the driveshaft. (See Fig. 12) 1/2 0 minimum 1 0 t 1-1/2 0 recmmended 3 0 maximum Equal within 1/2 0 Auxiliary Device Install at same angle and in-line in tp view Midship Munted Cmpnents Figure 12 If there is nly ne driveshaft between the device and the rear axle, rtate the rear axle (using shims in the apprpriate place) s it is the same angle as the device. This makes the universal jint perating angle at each end f the driveshaft equal (See Fig. 13). Check the size f the universal jint perating angles t determine if they meet recmmendatins. 1/2 0 minimum 1 0 t 1-1/2 0 recmmended 3 0 maximum Equal within 1/2 0 Check size f these angles Figure 13 Install at same angle and in-line in tp view Rtate axle t same angle as Auxiliary Device 16

20 If there is mre than ne driveshaft between the device and the rear axle, install the driveshaft as utlined earlier with a 1 t 1-1/2 degree universal jint perating angle n the input end f each shaft. Then rtate the axle s it is n the same angle as the last fixed shaft. The universal jint perating angle n each end f the last shaft will autmatically be equal. (See Fig. 14) 1/2 0 minimum 1 0 t 1-1/2 0 recmmended 3 0 maximum Equal within 1/2 0 1 t 1-1/2 angle minimum Check these angles. 3 recmmended Install at same angle and in-line in tp view Munt n same angle rtate axle if necessary Figure 14 Munting a Remte-Driven Pump, Blwer, r Similar Device Remte munted-pumps, blwers, r similar devices are usually driven by a side, tp, r bttm-munted PTO and use an auxiliary driveshaft. Many times these devices are munted t the vehicle frame r crss member. The usual methd f munting, where the driven device is munted parallel with the grund withut regard t the munted angle f the PTO, will prduce a vibratin that may cause failure f the PTO, pump, blwer, r ther driven device. Any remte driven device must be munted parallel and in line, if pssible, with the PTO. T select the apprpriate auxiliary driveshaft fr these types f applicatins, yu shuld cnsider prper trque, safe perating speed (which is different than the critical speed fr tubular driveshafts), and angularity. (See Maximum Safe Operating Speed Chart n page 18). An auxiliary driveshaft must be capable f transmitting the maximum trque and RPM required by the driven equipment. Fr mst lw-trque applicatins perating at less than 1200 RPM, slid bar-stck cnstructed driveshafts are adequate. Fr applicatins requiring additinal trque r RPMs, tubular shafts shuld be fabricated. 17

21 Maximum Safe Operating Speed MAXIMUM OPERATING SPEED* BY TUBE SIZE, SOLID SHAFT SIZE, AND LENGTH *(Fr speeds ver 6000 RPM, cntact Spicer Universal Jint Divisin Engineering) TUBING MAXIMUM INSTALLED LENGTH (IN INCHES) FOR GIVEN RPM Diameter Centerline t Centerline f Jints fr a Tw Jint Assembly & r Wall Thickness Centerline f Jint t Centerline f Center Bearing fr a Jint and Shaft W - Welded RPM - Revlutins Per Minute S - Seamless " x.065" W 82" 67" 58" 52" " x.095" S 64" 52" 45" 40" 37" 34" 32" " x.083" W 87" 70" 62" 55" 50" 45" 43" 41" 39" 37" 35" 3.000" x.083" W " 76" 70" 64" 60" 57" 54" 51" 49" SOLID SHAFT DIAMETER.750" 42" 35" 30" 27" 25" " 44" 36" 31" 28" 26" " 46" 37" 32" 29" 27" " 49" 40" 35" 31" 28" " 55" 45" 39" 35" 32" Maximum Operating Speed T prevent premature wear, auxiliary driveshaft breakage, and pssible injury t peple r equipment, be aware f the critical speed f these types f driveshafts. Critical speed, explained earlier in this guide, is different fr these slid shaft and small tube driveshafts. Refer t the chart abve fr maximum safe perating speed infrmatin n these types f shafts. If the chart indicates that the critical speed may be a prblem, use multiple shafts. Be sure t use supprt bearings where necessary and set up the true universal jint perating angles as indicated earlier in this guide. As with all driveshafts, auxiliary driveshafts shuld be: Carefully installed t minimize vibratins caused by incrrect universal jint perating angles Capable f absrbing shck lads Capable f changing length as needed Guarded s as t prevent inadvertent entanglement 18

22 Special Ntes Regarding Auxiliary Driveshafts WARNING: Wrking n r near an auxiliary driveshaft when the engine is running is extremely dangerus and shuld be avided. Yu can snag clthes, skin, hair, hands, etc. This can cause serius injury r death. Shut ff engine befre wrking n pwer take-ff r driven equipment. D nt g under the vehicle when the engine is running. D nt engage r disengage driven equipment by hand frm under the vehicle when the engine is running. Fasteners shuld be prperly selected and trqued t the manufacturer s specificatins. If a setscrew prtrudes abve the hub f an end yke, yu may want t replace it with a recessed (Allen-type) setscrew. If yu decide that a recessed setscrew des nt have enugh hlding pwer fr yur applicatin and yu must use a prtruding setscrew, be sure n ne can cme in cntact with the rtating driveshaft r the prtruding setscrew. Expsed rtating driveshafts must be guarded! Lubricate auxiliary driveshafts accrding t manufacturer s specificatins. 19

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24 Cntact Infrmatin: Dana Crpratin Heavy Vehicle Technlgies and Systems Service P.O. Bx 321 Tled, OH SAY-DANA ( ) www2.dana.cm/expert Dana Crpratin Heavy Vehicle Technlgies and Systems Service Canada 5095 Suth Service Rad Beamsville, Ontari, Canada L0R 1B0 Tech Service: Dana Crpratin Heavy Vehicle Technlgies and Systems Service Internatinal J HVTSS Dana Crpratin /05 All rights reserved. Printed in U.S.A.