Wazza s QuickStart 1. Leopard Server - Install & Configure DNS

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1 Wazza s QuickStart 1. Leopard Server - Install & Configure DNS About this Document This document is the first in a series of documents describing the process of installing and configuring a Mac OS X 10.5 Server for use in a school environment. Other documents in this series are available at: servernotes.wazmac.com These notes are not a comprehensive description of a total server configuration - only of the configuration of those services that are required in typical systemic schools. (For example, such schools usually have access to a central mail service for students and teachers, so no local mail service is described in these notes.) The organisational model that is described in these documents is not prescriptive nor comprehensive, but rather one that is considered to be supportive of schools curriculum needs, while being technically supportable across a variety of schools: The server provides DNS, DHCP, AFP, Web, Netboot/Netrestore, Windows and Directory services. Users are organised based on their cohort year of enrollment; User IDs are based on an official systemic student number; Users are organised into Groups based on cohort year of enrollment; All students and teacher s Home folders are stored on the server; A Group folder is set to mount on all users desktops at login, to facilitate the sharing of files between users; All users have the facility to publish and maintain an intranet web site. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 1

2 Other documents in this series Installing the Mac OS X Server Software (this document) Initial software Installation Enabling and configuring DNS Updating the OS X Server software Setting up Services - 1 Services overview Setting up Services - 2 AFP, Web & SMB (Windows) Setting up Services - 3 DHCP Setting up Services - 4 Open Directory Setting up Sharepoints - 1 Groups folder Home directories Setting up Groups and Users Setting up Sharepoints - 2 Netrestore folder Group folder permissions Client Imaging - Create a master image - Create a NetBoot image - Configure NetBoot - Prepare Server - Deploy a master image Managing user Preferences Connecting from Windows XP - WorkGroup Configuring Mac OS X Server as a Primary Domain Controller Connecting OS X Clients to Open Directory Backing up your Data drive Configuring your Intranet Enabling Blogs and Wikis Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 2

3 1. Getting Started - Server preparation Your server should have two disks: - Server HD (app 80Gb), for the server OS and client images; - Data, for the storage of student and teacher data. You may need to partition an existing disk or RAID array to achieve this arrangement. If you are partitioning a smaller disk, the Server partition can be considerably smaller - down to about 20Gb. But only as a last resort! 2. Initial OS X Server Software Installation Insert the installation DVD and run the installer. The first part of the process is straightforward - click the Language selection, licensing agreements, etc to commence the installation of the server software. 3. Configuring the server When the software has been installed and you restart the server, Server Assistant will launch. You can configure the installation directly on the computer on which the software has been installed, or remotely from another computer. If you are not using the remote setup, skip straight to To configure the server remotely: Install Server Admin Tools on the remote computer (available with the installation disc, or from Apple downloads), then navigate to Applications > Server, and launch Server Assistant. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 3

4 Identify the server to be configured. The password is the first 8 characters of the server hardware serial number You will be advised that the selection is being authenticated The remaining configuration routine is much the same, whether connecting remotely or directly. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 4

5 3.2. You will be asked how you want to configure the server. There are three options - Select Advanced Click on the Continue button Select your local language and keyboard option. Tick the box to Show All, if required, and choose Australian. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 5

6 3.4. Enter your serial number and licensing information Enter the registration and survey information, if required. (This is optional) Create an Administrator account. Schools should refer to their systemic password protocol, if such a protocol exists. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 6

7 3.7. As part of your initial setup the server may have been allocated a dynamic IP address. Select the option to configure your network settings manually, and click the Continue button Enter the relevant IP address, Subnet Mask and Router address information for your server. If there is an existing DNS server on your network, the DNS Server and Search Domain information will be entered automatically. If no DNS Servers or or Search Domains are automatically entered, leave these fields blank. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 7

8 3.9. Enter the DNS Name of your server. The Primary DNS Name is in a form similar to: server5.somewhereps.edu.au (If an entry already exists for your server s IP address in the records of the nominated Primary DNS server, the relevant information may be entered automatically.) The Computer Name is the name that the computer will be seen as on the local network, and should be unique (eg Server), but otherwise is not critical. Tick to Enable Remote Management Set your Time Zone information, and click the Edit button to enter relevant Time Server information. Check with your network people for the IP address of a Network Time Server (rather than a DNS name such as ntp.school.org, which won t be recognised without DNS setup). Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 8

9 3.11. Set your directory usage to Standalone Server Confirm your settings, and click the Apply button to confirm the configuration of your server Restart your server when asked, then setup the Domain Name Service (DNS), as described in the next section. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 9

10 4. DNS Configuration 4.1. Open Server Admin. You may be advised that There is no server available... This refers to the Fully Qualified Domain Name (FQDN), which the server won t recognise until the DNS service is configured. Click on the Remove button. Click on the + button and choose to Add Server Enter the IP address and authentication details of your server You will be advised that you do not have any services configured. Click on the Choose Configure Services button. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 10

11 4.4. If you do not have an existing DNS server on your network, you will need to add this service to your server. Tick the box to enable the DNS service Click on the Save button at the bottom right corner of the Services window Select the DNS Service from the available services displayed in the left pane. You may have to expand the server list. At this stage, DNS should be the only available service Click on the Zones button at the top of the DNS window. IMPORTANT NOTE: In the following notes, when making any entries within Server Admin, ALWAYS hit the Tab key after any entry, to ensure that the value gets saved properly. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 11

12 4.8. If a pre-defined example zone is added, edit that zone. If not, click on the Add Zone button and choose to Add a Primary Zone Select and expand the zone entries for the Primary example.com zone Edit the example.com Primary Zone Name in the lower half of the window, replacing the default information with the information for your server. Be sure to leave the. at the end of the zone name! Important: Press the Tab key to enter the information, but DON T click on the Save button until you have completed all the info on the next page! Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 12

13 4.11. Select the ns (name server) machine entry in the top of the window, then edit the Machine Name and IP address (of the server) in the bottom half of the window. Don t click the Fully Qualified box in the Machine Name window The edited information will be updated in the Primary and Reverse zones at the top of the window Only when the Primary Zone and Reverse Zone information are displayed correctly for your server, click on the Save button, but... Important: Press the Tab key to enter the information that you type in each field, but DO NOT click on the Save button until the above information, for forward and reverse zones, has been entered and double-checked! Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 13

14 5. Adding DNS Forwarders In DNS terms, your server only knows about itself, because that s the only info we have entered in the DNS admin records. So that you server can resolve the addresses of other domains, we need to tell it to forward these requests to a parent DNS server that can resolve these addresses. The parent servers are usually the DNS servers of your ISP or educational organisation Click on the Settings button at the top of DNS Admin window Add the relevant primary and secondary forwarder IP addresses, and click on the Save button Click on the Start DNS button. The DNS service will now be checked with a green button. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 14

15 6. Network Settings Now that the server is supplying a Domain Name Service, we need to configure it to use these settings Open the server s System Preferences and click on the Network preference Edit the DNS Server address to be the the IP address of the server and the Search Domain to be the school domain name If required, enter the proxy server information for your network s Internet access. The proxy info can be accessed from the Network preference panel by clicking on the Advanced button, then Proxies tab Click on the Apply button. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 15

16 7. Checking Your DNS Setup It is critical to the operation of your server that DNS is functioning correctly. Before proceeding with any further configuration we must check that DNS is working correctly, resolving forward and reverse lookups both locally and through any parent DNS server Open the Mac OS Network Utility. The Network Utility is in the Applications > Utilities folder. Drag the Network Utility icon to the Dock for easy access in the future Click on the Lookup tab Enter the IP address of the server. Click on the Lookup button. You should see a response that resolves the fully qualified domain name of your name server (eg. server.somewherep.schools.nsw.edu.au). Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 16

17 7.4. Now enter the fully qualified domain name of the domain server and click the Lookup button. You should see a response that resolves to the IP address of the server Now we need to check our forwarders... Enter the name of a known server on the internet (eg You should see a response that resolves the IP address of the remote server. This lookup is undertaken by the DNS server that you nominated as your forwarder If your server responds correctly to the above lookups, your DNS is configured correctly. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 17

18 8. Other Machine-specific Additions to DNS There are likely to be a number of other local computers that you would like your DNS server to recognise, without forwarding the request to another DNS server. You can add these individually, as below: 8.1. Select the Primary Zone entry, and choose Add Machine (A) from the Add Record menu Select the newly-added machine entry and edit the information relating to that machine in the lower pane of the window Click on the Save button, and the entries at the top of the window will be updated. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 18

19 8.4. You can then add additional machines to your zone, if required: - www (if hosted elsewhere) - any other local servers A reverse entry will be added for each machine entry in the zone. Note: Schools who have a website hosted systemically, but with their own domain name, will need to add the www entry above to be able to see their school s Internet web site from with their school network. 9. Software Update Check that you have internet connectivity and run Software Update. The next document in this series provides details of setting up additional services on your server. Wazza s QuickStart - OSX Server : Installing Server and Configuring DNS 19