Heat Recovery from Data Centers. Guided Tour in Kista, January 21, 2015

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1 Heat Recovery from Data Centers Guided Tour in Kista, January 21, 2015

2 Welcome! The purpose of this tour is to show you large scale heat recovery in practice! We will take you through Kista Science City and show you how Fortum Värme cools data centers, recovers the waste heat and turn it into district heating at our heat recovery plant before it is supplied to district heating customers in residential areas, such as Akalla and Husby The outline of this tour is as follows: 1. A brief introduction to Kista Science City 2. We will then pass IBM, that started heat recovery to district heating 25 years ago 3. Then you will get some basic information about the district cooling system 4. Before we get to Interxion, a trading partner recovering heat to our DC network 5. Our main stop is Kista Heat Recovery Plant, where waste energy becomes district heating 6. After the stop you will get some basic information about the district heating system 7. Finally we will pass the residential areas Akalla and Husby where the heating is consumed 2

3 Bus tour 1. Kista Science City 4 2. IBM 3. District Cooling 4. Interxion Kista Heat Recovery Plant 6. District heating 2 7. Akalla and Husby 1 3

4 1. Kista Science City Summary: Kista Science City is a significant agglomeration of ICT industry. Leading global companies such as Microsoft, IBM, Ericsson, Nokia have business in Kista and it plays an important role in the Swedish economy. 1. Non-profit organization Electrum Foundation formed between industry, academia and public sector in 1986 to create world-leading center for electronic research. 2. 1,000 companies in ICT sector in Kista 3. 24,000 employees in ICT sector in Kista (of total 65,000 employees in Kista) 4. Ambition to double size within years. 5. 7,000 students in Kista (KTH, Stockholm University & research institutes) 4

5 2. IBM Summary: Open District Heating offers the opportunity to recover waste heat to the district heating network. Already in 1989, IBM started recovering heat from it s Kista site directly to the district heating network. Insufficient incentives resulted in sub-optimal heat recovery. We learned from this and created a model with transparent terms and much stronger economic incentives. Quick facts 1. IBM in Kista is the Swedish Head Quarter 2. IBM decided to move to Kista in 1975 and originally paid 4 SEK/sqm for the land in annual leasing fee to the City 3. IBM s data center was built in the late 1970 s. Already then it started to use the waste energy from the data center to heat its office buildings. 4. The data center normally uses 1,3 MW of electricity and up to 1,0 MW is used for heating of the office buildings while the rest of the excess heat can be exported to Fortum s district heating network 5. IBM has traditionally supplied approximately 1 GWh per year to Fortum s system 5

6 3. District Cooling Summary: In addition to heat recovery directly to the district heating network, Fortum Värme offers the possibility to buy efficient, reliable and scalable district cooling. With district cooling we recover waste heat in the Winter using large scale heat pumps that can be used as cooling machines for peak production in the Summer. That s how we try to use our assets as smart as possible. 1. District cooling network construction started in Based on co-production of district cooling and district heating with heat pumps and free cooling using sea water 3. Fortum Värme has 391 district cooling customers and sold 426 GWh in There are 11 data centers in Kista connected to district cooling with a district cooling load of 100 kw to 3,000 kw per datacenter 5. Peak load demand of district cooling in Kista is approximately 25 MW 6

7 4. Interxion Summary: One of Fortum Värme s largest customers is Interxion. In co-operation with Interxion we are developing a new model for efficient cooling and heat recovery to the district cooling network. Using a novel price model and a higher water temperature for cooling the data center (16 C/26 C) we can use assets more effectively and incentivize Interxion to recover heat to our system rather than cooling the data center with free-cooling chillers. 1. Interxion is a leading provider of colocation data centre services in Europe 2. Interxion has 1,400 customers in 38 data centres across 11 countries 3. Interxion locates its data centres close to city centres and is head-quartered in Amsterdam 4. Interxion Stockholm is located in an industrial facility allowing for an expansion up to square meters on site 5. Interxion is Fortum Värme s largest district cooling customer in Kista 7

8 5. Kista Heat Recovery Plant Cooling Production Summary: Kista Heat Recovery plant is built to serve all the district cooling customers in Kista both process cooling customers (such as data centers) and other cooling customers (such as offices, shops, hotels and restaurants). In the Summer, we meet peak load demand using cooling machines with evaporative cooling towers. In the Winter, we recover heat from the district cooling network with heat pumps. 1. Kista Heat Recovery Plant was built in There are 6 cooling machines in the plant. The peak load cooling capacity in the summer is approximately 48 MW. The largest, machine no 6, has a cooling capacity of 13 MW. 3. Three of the machines (HP1, HP2, HP3) can operate as heat pumps and produce district heating with a combined heat recovery capacity of 18 MW and a district heating capacity of 27 MW 4. COP (the Coefficient of Performance) is approximately 3 when district heating is produced 5. Machine no 3 has two compressors that can work in parallel during the Summer (cooling capacity 10,8 MW) and in series in the Winter (6 MW cooling), which allows for a leaving condensor temperature up to 78 C 8

9 6. Kista Heat Recovery Plant Heat Recovery in the DH system Summary: The heat pumps in Kista are part of a larger system. We keep the condensing temperature down to get a high coefficient of performance in the heat recovery plant and combine this production with hot water coming from our CHP plant in Brista. This ensures sufficient temperature (up to 100 C) for our district heating customers. At peak demand in the district heating network we have the possibility to add further heating to the system exploiting our boiler capacity. Quick facts 1. The supply temperature to district heating customer ranges from 65 C (when the outside temperature is higher than 0 C) up to 100 C (at an outside temperature of -15 C) 2. In Akalla, transmitted heating from CHP Brista (B1 forest residue, B2 waste to energy) is combined with heating from Kista heat recovery plant 3. During peak demand additional heating is produced with heat only boilers (HOB1, HOB2, HOB3) 4. For distributional reasons the temperature from Brista is kept up to maximize CHP production (up to 168 MW of heating) 5. The bio-oil boilers in Akalla (HOB1, HOB2, HOB3) have a joint capacity of 239 MW 9

10 7. District Heating Summary: The district heating network is very extensive and the heating demand from Fortum Värmes customers is roughly 8 TWh per year. This allows us to recover heat from both CHP plants and district cooling customers. Heating production can be concentrated and located in other parts of Stockholm than the residential areas where most of the population lives. 1. Fortum Värme has approximately district heating customers 2. In 2013, Fortum Värme sold GWh of district heating and GWh of electricity (generated in the CHP plants) 3. The system consists of two major networks the network in Northwest and the network in the Southern-Central areas of Stockholm 4. Kista is part of the network in Northwest. In this network demand is approximately 2 TWh per year, including heating sold to Sollentuna District Heating company. Peak load deamand is 725 MW. 5. The distribution network is 380 km, of which 325 km is Fortum Värme s network and 55 km is Sollentuna s network. 10

11 8. Akalla and Husby Summary: Akalla and Husby are significant residential areas in Stockholm and represent an era in Stockholm with fast and large scale expansion in the early 1970 s (the so called Miljonprogrammet referring to a government decision to build one million homes from ). These houses were designed and built for district heating and was an important explanation for the fast expansion of district heating. Heat recovery and ever more efficient district heating production can help serving these areas with sustainable energy also in the future. 1. Approximately 30,000 residents in Akalla, Husby and Kista. 2. Apartments typically 3 room and about 75 m2. 3. Area was military training fields until Planning for housing started Construction of houses in Akalla, Husby and Kista in Subway stations in Akalla, Husby and Kista (end of line). 11