Christian CARDONNEL. President ENERPLAN. Professionnal Association for solar Energy

Transcription

1 Christian CARDONNEL President ENERPLAN Professionnal Association for solar Energy

2 INVOLVED SINCE 26 YEARS IN THE DEVELOPMENT OF SOLAR ENERGY IN FRANCE ENERPLAN regroups all the actors Of the French solar branch. Association law 1901, more than 250 members, we are working for: Representing the solar sector in France Structure and organize solar offer Develop the demand

3 The building and its use Everything coming in is sound: Climate impact New outdoor air Drinking water Electricity Fossil energies Consumable goods Services Medias

4 The building and its use Housing and its uses are Pollutions CATALYSTS Everything coming out is polluted: Polluted air CO2 and greenhouse gas liquid waste & rainwater Heat Waste and Euros, in order to pay uses, pollution & taxes.

5 Total energy consumption Energy sources evolution Importance of primary energy consumption for heating & Hot water Coal 500 g CO 2 /kwh Fuel 274 g CO 2 /kwh Electricity 0 à 1200 g CO 2 /kwh Gas 234 g CO 2 /kwh Renewable energies Solar, New Concepts g CO 2 /kwh

6 Solar energy in buildings Balance between 3 solar solutions: BIOCLIMATIC : energy and daylight gains through windows and solarized spaces. HEAT production for sanitary hot water and/orle heating ELECTRICITY production to move towards the positive energy buildings

7 Our framework: The Energy Regulation in France Evolution du Cref en kwhep/m².an RT 2005 Elec RT 2005 Gaz RT 2012 BBC RT 2020 BEPOS 50 0

8 The CUBE method Needs Solar gains management Systems The Synthesis Site Climate & Ressources Ventilation QAI Buildings & uses typology Thermal insulation

9 From thermal regulation RT essential steps: to RT 2012 Bbio calculation (Bioclimatic evaluation of the building) for heating, eventual cooling and lighting needs Summer comfort control Cep calculation(total of primary energy consumptions: Heating, Climatisation, Hot water, Lighting and Auxiliaries) in kwh ep/m² year. The required Bbio and Cep values will be set up according to the climate zones, building uses,.

10 Bbio global evaluation of one area Comfort, Air quality and Lighting Insufflation* Extraction Ei (W) EAN* Hei V vent (m/s) e C Apports solaires i Apports internes s HR % Hes Q 4Pa + Emetteur Chaud/Froid Hem Qv Inf - m * EAN ou insufflation

11 Envelope Heat losses et energy exchanges Hei (air neuf) e Hes i His s Hms Hem m Cm

12 h (m) Ventilation - Air quality Balance between incoming and outgoing air Insufflation* Extraction V vent (m/s) EAN* Qv EAN +/-. Qv Ins. Qv Ext. + gestion éventuelle e C i Pi ( C) (Pa) Q 4Pa + Pe+ Qv Inf + Qv Inf - Q 4Pa - Pe- * EAN ou insufflation

13 Daylight & lighting The daylight right balance Ei (W)

14 Global Bbio evaluation Hourly steps Calculation model Insufflation* Extraction Ei (W) EAN* Hei V vent (m/s) e C Apports solaires i Apports internes s HR % Hes Q 4Pa + Emetteur Chaud/Froid Hem Qv Inf - m * EAN ou insufflation

15 Model ThBCE (Regulation calculation method) Exchanges with outdoor Air neuf ei Hei i Baies es Hes s Parois Opaques em Hem m

16 ThBCE Model Exchanges within the zone Air neuf ei Baies es Hei Hes His i s Parois Opaques em Hem Hms m Cm

17 ThBCE model Internal and solar gains distribution Air neuf Hei i ei Ai + As His Baies es Hes s Parois Opaques em Hem Hms m Ai + As Cm

18 ThBCE model Operative comfort temperature control Air neuf Hei i ei Ai + As His op Baies es Hes s Parois Opaques em Hem Hms m Ai + As Cm

19 ThBCE model Energy gains heating/ climatisation system Air neuf Hei i ei Ai + As His P Convec op t i ve Baies es Hes s Parois Opaques em Hem Hms m Ai + As P rayonnante Emetteur P (W) Cm

20 Modèle ThBCE Precise control of indoor temperature Air neuf Hei i ei Ai + As His P Convec op OU t i ve Baies es Hes s Parois Opaques em Hem Hms m Ai + As P rayonnante Emetteur P (W) Cm

21 Bbio evaluation examples 90 m² single family house in Bordeaux Heating, climatisation, lighting needs Heating/climatisation/neutral distribution Besoins de chauffage/climatisation/éclairage Répartition du chauffage/climatisation/neutre Besoin de chauffage kwh/m²short.an Nombre heures de chauffage % Besoin de climatisation kwh/m²short.an 4.05 Nombre heures neutre % Besoin d'éclairage kwh/m²short.an 1.94 Nombre heures refroidissement 293 3% Besoin annuel kwh/m²short.an Nombre total d'heures % BBIO 55 Mois TOTAL Déper kwh AG kwh Bch kwh Bfr kwh Béclairage kwh Bch+Bfr+Bécl kwh

22 T ( C) Temperature evolution graph beginning of February 35 T=f(t) Te Tch Top Tfr t (h)

23 Puissance w Thermal results evolution graph Beginning of February 4000 P=f(t) Deper AG Psys Paccu t (h)

24 Temperatures histogram Répartition de la température opérative mensuellement Nombre de Top occupation Mois Top occupation Total général Inoccupation >32 33 Total général

25 Daylight histogram Niveaux lumineux naturels intérieurs (lux) Nombre de Enat Mois Enat Total général < >1200 Total général

26 Brager Comfort Diagram

27 Nb d'heures Comfort rythm need Heating - Neutral Climatisation distribution 100% Répartition chauffage/climatisation/neutre Nombre froid Nombre neutre Nombre chaud 80% 60% 40% 20% 0% Répartition Chauffage / Neutre / Refroidissement pendant la période d'occupation Refroidissement Neutre Chauffage Text ( C)

28 Points BBIO Bioclimatic indicators solar gains + daylight impact Impact des apports solaires et lumineux Bbio project Without solar gains 0 Without solar & daylight gains Climatisation Chauffage heating Eclairage lighting BBIO Projet Sans apports solaires Sans apports solaires et lumineux

29 Calculation principles(heating) PRIMARY ENERGY CO2 REJECTS Recoverable losses Conversion Combustible Electricity Heat need Génération Storage Distribution Emission Electricity Auxiliaries

30 ΔT 40K ΔT 40K Heating floor Low Température

31 PV pannels South orientation Roof pitch 15% Integrated to the roof Capteurs Solaires Photovoltaïques Orientation Sud pente15% intégré au bâtiment Sold solar energy counter Compteur Energie Solaire Vendue Onduleur Undulator Electrical public network Réseau Electrique Public 230 V - 50 Hz kwh 24 Vc kwh Usages Domestiques Purchased solar energy counter Compteur Energie Electrique Achetée Tableau Electrique Electrical pannel Domestic uses

32 A necessary team work Architects and engineering = Conception and recommendations Industrial products+ installers = Construction of Quality Final set up and adjustments, maintenance = Commissionning More virtuous users, looking for the right comfort= Citizen Behavior

33 Ressources and energy waste Is very much against our future! Thank you says our planet. Photo Yann ARTHUS BERTRAND, La Terre vue du Ciel Réglementation thermique