Research on performance evaluation in logistics service supply chain based unascertained measure

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1 Suo Junun, L Yncng, Dong Humn Reserch on performnce evluton n logstcs servce suppl chn bsed unscertned mesure Abstrct Junun Suo *, Yncng L, Humn Dong Hebe Unverst of Engneerng, Hndn056038, Chn Receved 1 Mrch 2014, wwwcmntlv The comprehensve model on performnce evluton of logstcs servce suppl chn ws estblshed bsed on unscertned mesure On e bsc of consderng e fctors nfluencng logstcs servce suppl chn, e comprehensve evluton ndex sstem were determned from four spects, whch ncludes logstcs servce cpct, logstcs servce qult, collbortve development blt nd socl nfluence In vew of dfferent nfluencng fctors of logstcs servce suppl chn, e ndex weght ws clculted rough entrop weght coeffcent meod Then, e grde dvson ws fnshed b credble degree recognton crteron Fnll, e comprehensve evluton model ws used n engneerng exmple The test result rough e pplcton prctce showed t e model proposed cn crr on resonbl nd effectvel comprehensve ssessment for e performnce evluton of logstcs servce suppl chn Kewords: logstcs servce suppl chn, unscertned mesure, credble degree recognton, evluton 1 Introducton W e rpd development of globl econom, e logstcs servce ndustr hs been developng rpdl The servce suppl chn s one of e new trends on e stud of suppl chn And e logstcs servce suppl chn s n mportnt brnch of suppl chn reserch It s lso n mportnt trend of modern logstcs ndustr development[1-3] The logstcs servce suppl chn s to tke logstcs servce ntegrtors s e core Its bsc structure ncludes functonl logstcs servce provders, logstcs servce ntegrtors nd customers It s new suppl chn to ensure logstcs operton of ndustr suppl chn b supplng flexble logstcs servces[4-5] Under e ncresngl vgorous competton envronment, e busness mngement nd polcmkng cn cqure relble bss to mke enterprse resources nd socl resources dspose resonbl nd help enterprse executve strteges to cheve compettve dvntges[6-9] Durng logstcs servce suppl chn operton, e estblshment nd operton of suppl chn hve er chrcterstcs And e performnce level s restrcted b mn fctors So t hs to be nlzed b e sstemtc nd overll vewpont Alough e stud of e estblshment on e suppl chn performnce evluton ndex sstem s enough, e most evluton ndex sstems re not scentfc nd overll enough The onl consder e fctors of suppl chn tself nd neglect e effect of e customs to evluton So knd of scentfc nd effectve evluton meod should be found nd used n e performnce evluton of logstcs servce suppl chn Here, e unscertned mesure model nd Shnnon nformton entrop re used n performnce evluton of logstcs suppl chn The unscertned mesure s n obectve evluton meod And e Shnnon nformton entrop s knd of obectve weght defnng So e evluton results wll be much more resonble nd ccurte b usng e unscertned mesure nd Shnnon nformton model becuse e rgour of model tself The structure of s pper s s follows: we frst estblsh e comprehensve ssessment ndex sstem of logstcs servce suppl chn b nlzng e chrcterstcs of logstcs servce ndustr Then e comprehensve ssessment model of e performnce evluton n logstcs servce suppl chn bsed on e unscertned mesure nd entrop meod re ntroduced In e followng prt, we focus on e pplcton of e model n prctce Fnll, rough e pplcton n e ssessment of performnce evluton n logstcs servce suppl chn, e effectveness nd fesblt of meod ws shown 1 Estblshment of performnce evluton ndex sstem 21 STRUCTURE OF LOGISTICS SERVICE SUPPLY CHAIN Logstcs servce suppl chn s round e core logstcs enterprses, nd use modern nformton technolog to ntegrte functonl logstcs servce provders of vluedded servce, en form whole functon net chn structure whch ncludes logstcs procurement, trnsportton, wrehousng, pckng, processng nd dstrbuton to suppl ndvduton, ntegrton nd networkng logstcs servce for ndustr suppl chn[10-14] And e structure of logstcs servce suppl chn s shown n Fgure 1 * Correspondng uor s e-ml: suo@163com 1231

2 Suo Junun, L Yncng, Dong Humn FIGURE 1 The structure of logstcs servce suppl chn 22 ESTABLISHMENT OF PERFORMANCE EVALUATION INDEX SYSTEM Dnmc performnce evluton of logstcs servce suppl chn s comprehensve evluton process, whch s consst of mn knds of cuslt nd ler structure So, how to select resonble performnce evluton ndctors s e ke to estblsh scentfc nd resonble evluton sstem The exstng suppl chn performnce evluton ndexes selected re bsed on mnufcturng enterprse And logstcs servce suppl chn s domnted b core logstcs provders Its performnce level depends on e cooperton reltonshp of logstcs servce provders nd e ftness degree between logstcs cpblt nd envronment Here e performnce evluton ndex sstem of logstcs servce suppl chn s proposed from four spects, whch ncludes logstcs servce cpct, logstcs servce qult, collbortve development blt nd socl nfluence[15] And e evluton ndex sstem of logstcs servce suppl chn s shown n Tble 1 TABLE 1 The evluton ndex sstem of logstcs servce suppl chn 3 Unscertned mesure model Suppose x ( 1,, n) s e development sttus of logstcs servce suppl chn of mon n n utomoble enterprse X ( x1,, x n ) s nmed s n unverse Apprsl obect x( x X ) hs m evluton ndexes I ( I1,, I m ) s clled s n ndex set x s n observton vlue of pprsl obect x under C (1 k K) s k comment grde k ndex I And Ck ( c1,, ck) s comment set Suppose A s stndrd mtrx So e stndrd mtrx A cn be showed: A m m2 1 k 2k (1) mk And s numercl under ndex I ( 1,, m) nd k comment grde Ck ( k 1,, K) k Stsfes 2 k or 2 k 31 DETERMINATION OF SINGLE INDEX UNASCERTAINED MEASURE Suppose x s e vlue under ndex for pprsl x obect u u( x C ) s unscertned mesure of for grde C k k k Trget ler Sttus ler Index ler Performnce evluton of logstcs servce suppl chn A u11 u 12 u 1k u21 u22 u2k ( u k ),(2) mk um1 um2 umk x Ck denotes t Functonl logstcs servce provders Logstcs servce ntegrtors Customers x s n e grde C k condtons Menwhle, u should stsf e prncple of polrt nd ddtvt Suppose t 2 k, en Logstcs servce cpct B 1 Resource functon blt C 1 Fulfl servce commtments blt C 2 Servce response blt C 3 Suppl chn proftblt C 4 Logstcs servce relblt C 5 Logstcs servce qult B 2 Flexble logstcs servces C 6 Personnel professonl degree C 7 Servce process control blt C 8 Collbortve development blt B3 Enterprse cooperton credblt C 9 Socl nfluence B4 (1) When u u u k 1 u 1 2 k (2) When u u x 1 x k u k 1 u 1 2 k Logstcs resource ntegrton blt C 10 Servce mrket occupton rte C 11 Core enterprse nfluence C (3) (4) 1232

3 Suo Junun, L Yncng, Dong Humn (3) When k x k1 u u u u k k1 1 k2 x u k1 u k1 2 k1 x u k3 k k k k1 u 0 k 0 32 DETERMINATION OF MULTI-INDEX UNASCERTAINED MEASURE 321 Determnton of weght coeffcent for pprsl ndex Entrop whch used to be ermodnmc concept, t ws ntroduced nto nformton eor n 1948 b C E Shnnon who put forwrd e concept of nformton entrop to mesure e level of sstem chos or dsorder [16-17] And Shnnon nformton entrop, whch s n obectve nd pplcble meod for e determnton of weght vlue, ws ntroduced nto e comprehensve ssessment Suppose t ere re m pprsl obects nd n pprsl ndexes n comprehensve ssessment The decson mtrx mn cn be obtned: mn m m2 (5) 1 n 2n (6) mn In e bove formul, denotes t pprsl obect x obtnng pprsl vlue under pprsl ndex I After e decson mtrx ws obtned, t need to be ppled normlzton processng The normlzton processng meod s s follows: For proftblt ndexes: mn mx mn (2) For cost ndexes: mx mx mn In e formul (7) nd (8), mx, mn denote respectvel e mxmum vlue nd mnmum vlue under pprsl ndex I So, e degree of mportnce for pprsl ndex cn be expressed s d under pprsl ndex I : d m (9) 1 (7) (8) The entrop vlue of pprsl ndex I s: m H k d ln d (10) 1 And e entrop weght vlue of ndex I s: wi ( ) n 1 1 H (1 H ) 322 Determnton of mult-ndex unscertned mesure (11) Suppose uk ( x Ck ) s mult-ndex unscertned mesure, nd denotes e degree of pprsl obect x for e grdec k, so m u w( I ) u,(1 n,1 k K) (12) k k 1 ( u ) k Then, e mult-ndex unscertned mesure mtrx s: nk u11 u12 u1 k u21 u22 u 2k un1 un2 unk 23 CREDIBLE DEGREE RECOGNITION CRITERION AND SORT (13) Becuse of e rrngement for grdec k s orderl, credble degree recognton crteron s used The credble degree s selected (05 1), generll 06 or 07 [18] Suppose: k k mn k : uk,1 k K (14) 1 k denotes pprsl obect x belong to pprsl grde C k The score crteron meod s ppled to order for pprsl obect x : K q( x ) n u, (15) k k k 1 where, nk denotes e score of grde C k Thus, e pprsl smples cn be crred out qult order bsed on qx ( ) 4 Applcton n performnce evluton of logstcs servce suppl chn Here, n utomoble logstcs servce suppl chn of e rd-prt logstcs compn, whch ws tken s n exmple to estblsh e performnce evluton ndex sstem nd performnce evluton model And e performnce evluton of logstcs servce nd predctve prsng re fnshed b e comprehensve evluton 1233

4 Suo Junun, L Yncng, Dong Humn model estblshed Fnll, e comprehensve evluton results cn be cqured The ndex performnce dt of n utomoble logstcs servce suppl chn from Jnur to June n 2013 s shown n Tble 2 And e grdng stndrd of suppl chn performnce s shown n Tble TABLE 2 The ndex performnce dt of n utomoble logstcs servce suppl chn Tme Index sttus vlue C1 C2 C3 C4 C5 C6 C7 C8 C9 C10 C11 C12 Jnur Februr Mrch Aprl M June TABLE 3 The grdng stndrd of suppl chn performnce Evluton ndex Grde dvson A B C D C1 100 <80 <70 <60 C2 100 <90 <80 <70 C C C5 100 <90 <85 <80 C6 100 <80 <70 <60 C7 100 <40 <30 <20 C8 100 <70 <65 <60 C9 100 <80 <70 <60 C <80 <70 <60 C <50 <16 <10 C <70 <65 <60 41 Determnton of sngle ndex unscertned mesure The sngle ndex unscertned mesure mtrx cn be obtned bsed on e ndex performnce dt of n utomoble logstcs servce suppl chn b usng e formul (3) to (5) So sngle ndex unscertned mesure mtrx of s logstcs servce suppl chn n Jnur s: ( u ) 1 k Smlrl, e sngle ndex unscertned mesure mtrx of e remnng fve mons cn be obtned 42 DETERMINATION OF MULTI-INDEX UNASCERTAINED MEASURE 421 Determnton of ndex weght coeffcent The ndex performnce dt of logstcs servce suppl chn s mde normlzton processng bsed on e formul (7) nd (8) And e polc mtrx fter normlzton processng s: Then, e entrop weght of e evluton ndexes cn be determned bsed on e formul (9) to (11) And e entrop weght vector s: wi ( ) (0821,0873,0878,0895,0766,0834,0702,0818,0815,0849,0831,0888) 1234

5 Suo Junun, L Yncng, Dong Humn 422 Determnton of mult-ndex unscertned mesure The mult-ndex unscertned mesure cn be determned bsed on e formul (12), nd t s ( u k ) Recognton nd sort Accordng to credble degree recognton crteron, credble degree s 07, n k 5 k Then e performnce level of e logstcs servce suppl chn nd grde sort cn be obtned bsed on e formul (14) nd (15) The comprehensve evluton results re shown n Fgure 2 nd Fgure 3 FIGURE 2 The score of performnce evluton Through e comprehensve performnce evluton results of logstcs servce suppl chn, e decson mkers cn propose e mproved mesures ccordng to e performnce grde to help logstcs servce suppl chn relze stble development And e mproved mesures of dfferent performnce grdes re s follows: f e performnce grde s A, t shows n excellent operton stte, en e exstng suppl chn cn be kept nd chnge w e drecton of e mrket If e performnce grde s B, t shows good operton stte, en e exstng logstcs servce suppl chn should be mproved b drwng lessons from relted excellent suppl chns If e performnce grde s C, t shows medum operton stte, en e ke lnks should be selected to mproved e logstcs servce suppl chn fter e mrket reserch And f e performnce grde s D, t shows poor operton stte, en e decson mkers should exmne full e process of suppl chn mngement nd consult relevnt experts ccordng to e exmnton results to mprove e logstcs servce suppl chn 5 Conclusons The performnce evluton of e logstcs servce suppl chn cn mesure e relzton degree of suppl chn trget nd provde e eoretcl foundton for decson mkers Here, e comprehensve ssessment model on e performnce evluton of logstcs servce suppl chn ws estblshed bsed on entrop nd unscertned mesure Weght coeffcent of ech ndex ws determned rough usng entrop coeffcent meod And credble degree recognton crteron ws ppled to nlss e comprehensve ssessment results Then, e model ws used n e pplcton The fesblt nd effectveness of e model estblshed were verfed And e comprehensve performnce evluton results of logstcs servce suppl chn cn gude e decson mkers formulte e mproved mesures ccordng to e performnce grde to help logstcs servce suppl chn relze stble development Acknowledgements: FIGURE 3 The performnce grde of logstcs servce suppl chn The work ws supported b Nturl Scence Foundton of Hebe Provnce, Chn (No E ) nd e Progrm of Selecton nd Cultvtng of Dscplnr Tlents of Colleges nd Unverstes n Hebe Provnce (BR2-206) References [1] Ro M, Gupt R, Dsgupt T A technque for determnng e optmum mx of logstcs servce provders of mke-to-order suppl chn b formultng nd solvng constrned nonlner cost optmzton problem Decson Scence Letters, 2013, 2(2): [2] Goldsb T J, Mchel Knemeer A, Mller J W, et l Mesurement nd moderton: fndng e boundr condtons n logstcs nd suppl chn reserch Journl of Busness Logstcs, 2013, 34(2): [3] Ağ Z, Smnloglu F, Büüközkn G A fuzz QFD pproch to determne suppl chn mngement strteges n e dr ndustr Journl of Intellgent Mnufcturng, 2013, 24(6): [4] Zchr Z G, Snders N R, Fugte B S Evolvng functonl perspectves wn suppl chn mngement Journl of Suppl Chn Mngement, 2014, 50(1): [5] Bhttchr A, Kumr S A, Twr M K, et l An ntermodl freght trnsport sstem for optml suppl chn logstcs Trnsportton Reserch Prt C: Emergng Technologes, 2014, 38: [6] Sohl A S, Rhmn S Use of Thrd Prt Logstcs Servces: An 1235

6 Suo Junun, L Yncng, Dong Humn As-Pcfc Perspectve Hndbook of Globl Logstcs Sprnger New York, 2013: [7] Mrtknen A, Nem P, Pekknen P Developng servce offerng for logstcl servce provder Cse of locl food suppl chn Interntonl Journl of Producton Economcs, 2013 [8] Ross S, Colcch C, Cozzolno A, et l The logstcs servce provders n eco-effcenc nnovton: n emprcl stud Suppl Chn Mngement: An Interntonl Journl, 2013, 18(6): [9] Chen L, Notteboom T A cost perspectve on e locton of vlue dded logstcs servces n suppl chns Interntonl Journl of Logstcs Sstems nd Mngement, 2014, 18(1): [10]Snders N R, Zchr Z G, Fugte B S The Interdscplnr Future of Suppl Chn Mngement Reserch Decson Scences, 2013, 44(3): [11]Khmsbd J, Md M The usng of logstc ntegrted totl expected costs models n suppl chn mngement Interntonl Scence nd Investgton ournl, 2013, 2(4): [12]Ah P, Serc C A comprtve lterture nlss of defntons for green nd sustnble suppl chn mngement Journl of Clener Producton, 2013, 52: [13]Perçn S, Mn H A hbrd qult functon deploment nd fuzz decson-mkng meodolog for e optml selecton of rd-prt logstcs servce provders Interntonl Journl of Logstcs Reserch nd Applctons, 2013, 16(5): [14]Bzt O, Krpk B Selecton of rd prt logstcs servce provder for n erospce compn: n nltcl decson dng pproch Interntonl Journl of Logstcs Sstems nd Mngement, 2013, 15(4): [15]Hu Chen Reserch on dnmc performnce evluton of logstcs servce suppl chn Applcton Reserch of Computers, 2012, 29(4): [16]Zuun Chen, Shengqng Yng, Chngfu Wu The model bsed on entrop weght nd unscertned mesure nd ts pplcton n e evluton n col mne sfet Mnng Sfet nd Envronmentl Protecton 2007, 34(1): [17]Je Wu, Jsen Sun, Lng Lng, Yngchun Zh Determnton of weghts for ultmte cross effcenc usng Shnnon entrop Expert Sstems w Applcton 2011; 38(5): [18]Zuun Chen, Shengqng Yng, Chngfu Wu The model bsed on entrop weght nd unscertned mesure nd ts pplcton n e evluton n col mne sfet Mnng Sfet nd Envronmentl Protecton 2007, 34(1): Auors < Junun Suo>, <Dec 8, 1977>,<Hebe Provnce> Current poston, grdes: Techer of Hebe Unverst of Engneerng Unverst studes: MD from Hebe Unverst n 2006Scentfc nterest: Computtonl Lngustcs Publctons: more n ten ppers < Yncng L>, <Jun 17, 1974>,<Hebe Provnce> Current poston, grdes: Assocte professor of Hebe Unverst of Engneerng Unverst studes: PHD from Tnn Unverst n 2008 Scentfc nterest: Computtonl ntellgence nd pplcton; Dfferent spects of Trffc Engneerng nd e pplcton of Artfcl Intellgence n Cvl Engneerng Publctons: more n ten ppers; (co-)uored more n 2 books nd 20 ppers < Humn Dong>, <Sep 8, 1991>,<Shndong Provnce> Current poston, grdes: Postgrdute of Hebe Unverst of Engneerng Unverst studes: g BE from Hebe Unverst of Engneern n 2012 Scentfc nterest: Computtonl Lngustcs 1236