Progress Towards the Development of the Six Country Coral Triangle Marine Protected Area System (CTMPAS)
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1 Progress Towards the Development of the Six Country Coral Triangle Marine Protected Area System (CTMPAS) Alan White Senior Scientist, The Nature Conservancy and Lynette Laroya MPA Technical Working Group, Department of Environment and Nature Resources, Philippines
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3 May 15, 2009 Coral Triangle Heads of State Launch the Initiative!
4 CTI-CFF Regional Plan of Action M&E Framework Impact: Improvement in the affordability, availability and quality and safety of food coming from coastal and marine resources Higher level outcome 1: Coral reef ecosystem integrity and services maintained. Higher level outcome 2: Fish stocks improved and sustained. Outcome Indicators Outcome Indicators Output Indicators Priority Seascapes CCA MPAs EAFM Endangered Species
5 M&E System SOM RPOA NPOAs State of Coral Triangle report Regional Secretariat Funding bodies Technical working group National Coordinating Committee Coral Triangle Atlas National body Field work/policy work
6 MPAs are critical to healthy oceans and reefs (fisheries, income, biodiversity, resilience) Credit: Conservation International
7 Few Effective Coral Triangle MPAs (WRI 2012 and CT Atlas)
8 CTI-CFF Regional Plan of Action MPA Goal 3 Target and Indicators By 2020: Region-wide Coral Triangle-MPA-System (CTMPAS) in place and fully functional 1. CTMPAS Framework developed and adopted by CT6 2. Percent/area of total marine habitat area in CT region in marine protected or managed areas 3. Percent/area of each major marine and coastal habitat type in protected no-take replenishment zones 4. Percent/Area of MPAs under effective management 5. Percent/Area of MPAs included in CTMPAS
9 MPA Technical Working Group (TWG) Events Leading to CTMPAS Framework and Action Plan 4 Regional Exchanges, 1 write-shop and TWG meetings: 2010-REX-Phuket: Define MPA networks and purpose of CTMPAS 2011-REX-Batangas: Develop MPA management effectiveness standards and systems 2012-REX-Sanur: Develop CTMPAS Framework; TWG Meeting 2012-Manila: Draft Full CTMPAS Framework; TWG Meeting 2013-REX-Honiara: Finalize CTMPAS Framework and Action Plan; TWG Meeting
10 Coral Triangle MPA System Basic Design
11 Strategies in Developing Coral Triangle MPA System Framework and Action Plan The CTMPAS should include most critical resources and the full range of use categories. CTI-CFF Regional Plan of Action, 2009 Strategy 1: Use and strengthen existing regional mechanisms, partners, programs, in developing and operating the CTMPAS Strategy 2: Prioritize activities that develop effective MPAs and networks/sites that can immediately contribute strength or effectiveness to a regional network or system Strategy 3: Start and learn with flagship MPA sites that are already established, managed and of high conservation value. Phase-in other prioritized sites that fill regional conservation and management gaps. Strategy 4: Define and recognize four Categories of Sites in the CTMPAS Strategy 5: Direct governance and socioeconomics to protect ecosystem functions
12 CTMPAS Design Principles & Objectives & Criteria Ecological ecosystem function, fisheries, CCA, biodiversity, threatened species Governance regional, national local, information, M&E CT MPAS Society communications, learning networks, livelihood, resource use
13 Framework: Principles 1. All programs and activities adhere to the principles stated in the CTI-CFF Regional Plan of Action. 2. Be inclusive. Include a wide spectrum of partners and stakeholders to encourage commitment and appropriate design/approaches; all sites in CT Atlas in the CTMPAS 3. Integrate seascapes, fisheries, climate change adaptation, as well as threatened species in all aspects of MPA selection, networks and management 4. Aim for social equity in all interactions, as well as sharing of costs and benefits among stakeholders, and in respecting culture and indigenous heritage of stakeholders 5. Acknowledge and respect national processes of each country in recruiting sites and networks, actions, or reporting
14 Framework: Structure & Criteria 4 Flagship Regional Sites: Sites of exceptional regional importance in terms of ecology, governance or socioeconomics that are effectively managed 3 Priority Development Sites: Sites identified as having high regional importance but require further development to ensure they fulfil their potential 2 Effectively Managed Regional Sites: Sites recognized as effectively managed & contribute towards CTMPAS objectives at national scales 1 Recognized CTMPAS Sites: Sites that contribute towards CTMPAS objectives at local scales
15 Category 4 Flagship Regional Sites Category 3 Priority Development Sites Nominations for Categories 3 and 4 must go through a regional-level process conducted with a Regional Advisory Group. The Regional MPA TWG has the final decision on which sites will be accepted into CTMPAS under Categories 3 and 4. REGIONAL-LEVEL REVIEW AND SELECTION COUNTRY-LEVEL REVIEW AND SELECTION Category 2 Effectively Managed Regional Site Category 1 Recognized CTMPAS Site Nominations for Categories 1 and 2 are reviewed solely in-country by the NCC of its designated body, using the MPA management effectiveness assessment tool already in place in the country. The NCC will decide if a site meets National and Regional criteria for Category 1 or 2, and the CTMPAS TWG will respect/recognize the NCC evaluation and accept the recommendation.
16 CT Atlas Online GIS map: //ctatlas.reefbase.org supports regional MPA analysis
17 Coral Triangle Atlas database MPAs in the Coral Triangle (>1900)
18 FOR CTMPAS CATEGORY 1 SITES Attributes Country* Longitude* Latitude* Explanatory notes Indonesia Malaysia Papua New Guinea Philippines Solomon Islands Timor-Leste Longitudinal coordinates Latitudinal coordinates Name* The official name of the protected area 1 Designation* The type of protected area as legally/officially established/recognized (e.g. national park, world heritage site) Legal/Formal Instrument Legal Code/Number based on country systems 2 Designation Type* Local National International Domain* Marine Marine-Terrestrial 3 Status* Date Established* Reported area (ha 4 )* Total marine area (ha 4 )* Management Plan* IUCN Management Category International Convention Administrative unit level-1 Zonation No Take Designated Proposed Date/Year of the MPA established legally/formally Total size of protected area in ha 4 based on legal/formal status/declaration Total size of marine area in ha 4 within protected area Yes No Unknown Drafted Classification under IUCN (Ia, Ib, II, III, IV, V or VI) Designation of MPA by an international convention/program Government level that administers or holds jurisdiction over MPA (e.g. in Malaysia, an MPA may be administered by either the federal government or state government; in the Philippines, MPAs are typically administered either by the national government (NIPAS) or the municipal/local government. Yes No Unknown All Part Seasonal None Unknown Reported No Take Area (ha 4 ) Total area of no take zones in hectares 4 Management Effectiveness Model Management Effectiveness Rating Source Validated Model used (eg. MEAT/ E-MPA) to assess management effectiveness ME rating based on MPA ME system used Source/provider of the data Yes No Unknown. If Yes, name of person/organization who validated the MPA
19 Number and area of MPAs in the Coral Triangle CT Country Total Number of MPAs MPAs with Known Boundaries Area (km 2 ) for Known Boundaries Percent of EEZ Percent of Territorial Waters (12 miles) Indonesia , ,841* Malaysia ,653 15,661* Papua New Guinea ,558 4,558* Philippines 1, ,164 20,940* Solomon Islands , * Timor-Leste * 2.7% 13.1% 3.5% 12.7% 0.2% 1.3% 1.1% 4.2% 0.1% 0.9% 1.3% 3.4% REGION 1, , ,881* 1.6% 9.4% Compiled by the Coral Triangle Atlas at WorldFish from sources including Reefbase, the World Areas (WDPA), national agencies and The Nature Conservancy, and validated with each country. *Data as reported by governments and slightly different from the CT Atlas due to discrepancies from polygon data for a few MPAs.
20 Cartoon of Geographic Structure of Local, National and CTMPAS networks and sites Approx. CTMPAS Area Approx. National Networks 1-4 Category CTMPAS Sites ( Illustrative only, locations not accurate) National Network 4-Star: Flagship Sites 3-Star: Priority Development Sites 2-Star: Effectively Managed Regional Sites 1-Star: Recognized CT MPA System Sites 1-5 Sites per CT6: No Regret Sites, Learning Sites, Important Sites, Big Sites
21 Regional MPA ME Exchange, May 2011; CT6 participated, Philippines: Roadmap developed
22 Progress towards national MPA Management Effectiveness Systems Regional: MPA management effectiveness standards agreed upon within CTMPAS Framework Philippines: Refined MPA Mgt. Effectiveness Assessment Tool (MEAT) and provided model for other countries Indonesia: Finalized Technical Guidelines Management Effectiveness for applications in all national MPAs Malaysia: Conducted national survey on MPA ME using MPA- MEAT Tool, initiated development of national system Solomon Islands: Held 2 national workshops to initiate a MPA ME system based on lessons from Indonesia and Phils Papua New Guinea: Developed roadmap for MPA ME system
23 CTI-CFF MPA Roadmap: Implement the CTMPAS Framework and Action Plan Formalize the CTMPAS Advisory Committee for reviewing site nominations and hold meeting in 2014 Nominate country Flagship sites and Priority Development sites for inclusion in the CTMPAS Review site nominations to fully initiate CTMPAS Input all national MPA data (all recognized sites) into the CT Atlas for tracking national and regional progress Employ or appoint the MPA Coordinator to guide CTMPAS implementation and decide on home institution Conduct periodic CTI MPA-TWG meetings and MPA Advisory Group meetings as required
24 Country Variations: MPA Goal and CTMPAS Implementation Indonesia: Largest area of MPA, major MPA projects contributing to CTMPAS, MPA ME still low Malaysia: Well developed system with relatively good MPA ME, is adopting CTMPAS nationally Papua New Guinea: LMMAs with no national MPA ME system yet in place Philippines: Largest number of mostly small MPAs/networks, well-established system for MPA ME Solomon Islands: LMMAs, draft national MPA ME system being developed following CTMPAS criteria Timor Leste: 1 large MPA, internal sites being developed through community-based no-take management
25 Cross-cutting themes and integration of CTMPAS with other CTI-CFF Goals 1. Integration of CTMPAS design with fisheries and adaption to climate change inherent in CTMPAS Framework and needs to be encouraged locally 2. Cross-cutting themes critical to CTMPAS: a. M&E System and tracking of indicators b. CT Atlas for spatial data and reports and maps c. CTI Secretariat/host institution for Coordinator d. Financial Resources to support MPA field work e. Adoption of CTMPAS Framework by NCCs with focus on MPA management effectiveness
26 Lessons & Challenges: MPA Goal It takes time to get it right e.g. the CTMPAS is in its first phase and will evolve during implementation Building the CT Atlas database with data verification with the countries requires active country participation Indicators have been agreed on but require updates from countries to track through the M&E System National data quality from each country varies CT Atlas spatially oriented database must be permanent National/local capacity varies tremendously among CT6 CTMPAS meets needs of each country but will need more regional exchanges to evolve at regional scale
27 CTMPAS Steps to 2020 Design Build Operate
28 For more on MPAs/networks in the Coral Triangle
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