Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI) on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Securities

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Henry Fletcher
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1 2008/MRCWG/022 Agenda Item: 10 Coral Triangle Initiative (CTI) on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Securities Purpose: Information Submitted by: Indonesia 21 st Marine Resource Conservation Working Group Meeting Piura, Peru April 2008

Purpose: Information Submitted by: Indonesia 21 st Marine

2 CORAL TRIANGLE INITIATIVE (CTI) ON CORAL REEFS, FISHERIES AND FOOD SECURITIES Tonny Wagey Agency for Marine and Fisheries Research Ministry of Marine Affairs and Fisheries Presented at the 21 st APEC- Marine Resource Conservation Working Group Meeting Piura, 16 April 2008 Sydney APEC Leaders Declaration (Sept. 2007): Sustainable marine and coastal resources are an integral part of the carbon cycle. We therefore: welcome the Coral Triangle Initiative on Coral Reefs, Fisheries and Food Security which is aimed at enhancing the conservation of marine biological resources. 1

Leaders Declaration (Sept. 2007): Sustainable marine and coastal resources are an integral part of the carbon cycle.

3 Coral Triangle (CT) area. Indonesia (Central and Eastern), East Timor, the Philippines, Malaysia (Sabah), Papua New Guinea and the Solomon Islands. Coral Triangle: richest marine life on the planet. The CT, referred to as the Amazon of the Seas, is the epicenter of marine life abundance and diversity on the planet. It has more than 600 coral species (more than 75% of all known coral species), 53% of the world s coral reefs, 3,000 fish species, and the greatest extent of mangrove forests of any region in the world. In addition, the CT serves as the spawning and juvenile growth areas for what is the largest tuna fishery in the world. Coral Seagrass Mangrove Sponge Coral Reef Fish Crustacean Echinoderm Algae Mollusc Mammals Reptile Turtle Sea Bird

It has more than 600 coral species (more than 75% of all known coral species), 53% of the world s coral reefs, 3,000 fish species, and the greatest extent of mangrove forests of any region in the

4 A Mega-diversity in CT Area CT Area: The Amazon of Seas Food security, income and coastal protection for over 120 million people Significant Marine Based Tourism ($ 2.3B/yr) Supports World s largest tuna fishery ($ 3B/yr ) Habitat & Migration route for some threatened species (marine mammals) Climate Change Impacts Climate Challenges Coral bleaching, ocean acidification, and sea level rise; Disturbance of Activities in Coastal Communities; Low-lying islands could lose significant territory (for example erosion of beaches) or in some cases, disappear altogether; Increased frequency and severity of tropical storms from future climate change would have a significant impact on coastal communities across the globe. 3

bleaching, ocean acidification, and sea level rise; Disturbance of Activities in Coastal Communities; Low-lying islands could lose significant territory (for example erosion of

5 Need to Adapt Climate Change Impacts Adaptation and Mitigation Concrete adaptation actions of climate change impacts on marine ecosystems, include: (1) Community preparedness in disaster-prone areas (monitoring, IT, etc) (2) Addressing other non-climate threats to marine life (sustainable management on capture and aquaculture fisheries); (3) Establish and effectively manage marine protected areas that are strategically located; (4) Rehabilitate mangroves, coral reefs and other ecosystems- will also help to conserve fish species and protect coastal communities; (5) Adopt ecosystem-based management Priority Issues of CTI Degradation of Marine and Fisheries Resources in the CT Area Sustainable use of Fisheries and Tourism Development of CTI Migratory Species Poverty Alleviation in Coastal Communities Climate Change Impact Transboundary IUU Fishing Sustainable Funding Scheme Governance 4

areas that are strategically located; (4) Rehabilitate mangroves, coral reefs and other ecosystems- will also help to conserve fish species and protect coastal communities; (5) Adopt ecosystem-based

6 Initiative for Global Coalition President Yudhoyono raised the Coral Triangle Challenges in COP 8 CDB (2006) Multi-lateral Partnership August 2007, President Yudhoyono wrote to other leaders (CT6+2) proposing new Coral Triangle Initiative. APEC Summit in September 2007: 21 Heads of Economies from across Asia Pacific welcomed the Coral Triangle Initiative in their formal declaration. CTI Senior Official Meeting (SOM) on 6-7 Dec 2007 in Bali to: (1) reaching common understanding on the CTI issues; (2) reaching agreement on a set principles and the need for CTI Action Plan; (3) Discussion on Key next steps Global Scale Amazon Congo Basin Coral Triangle Political and funding commitments in place Commitment needed 5

APEC Summit in September 2007: 21 Heads of Economies from across Asia Pacific welcomed the Coral Triangle Initiative in their formal declaration.

7 CTI PLAN OF ACTIONS: OBJECTIVES Priority Seascapes designated and effectively managed. Ecosystem approach to management of fisheries and other marine resources fully applied Marine Protected Areas (MPAs) established and Effectively managed, including community-based resource utilization and management Climate change adaptation measures achieved Threatened species status improving 16 CTI PLAN OF ACTIONS: ACTIONS Action #1. Assessment, monitoring and information management. Action #2. Sustainable financing Action #3. Capacity building Action #4. Public / private partnerships Action #5: Enabling laws and policies 17 6

including community-based resource utilization and management Climate change adaptation measures achieved Threatened species status improving 16 CTI PLAN

8 CTI PLAN OF ACTIONS: IMPLEMENTING PARTNERS CT6 GOVERNMENTS NGOs Private sector Other governments Donor agencies Others 18 INDICATIVE FINANCING PLAN ($) Total Financing GEF Total 61,725,000 Co-financing (current estimate) ADB Other GEF agencies Governments Bilateral partners Multilat. Partners NGO partners Others Co-financing Total Total 232,100,000 75,700,000 7,615,555 21,800,000 1,011,445 35,200,000 7,685, ,112, ,837,500 7

estimate) ADB Other GEF agencies Governments Bilateral partners Multilat.

9 CALL FOR ACTIONS Expert support to develop CTI Plan of Action; CTI Technical Working Group Meetings; Targeted Research on CTI Areas especially on Tuna spawning, climate change adaptation and threatened species status; Senior Official Meetings (SOMs); CTI Ministerial Meeting; 19 CALL FOR ACTIONS CTI Launched at World Ocean Conference 2009; CTI Promotions; Implementation of CTI Programs in Pilot Areas in each countries; Implementation of CTI Programs in priority seascape; Development of Marine Protected Areas Network; Alternative livelihood programs; Establishment of a rapid alert system for marine biodiversity in the Coral Triangle. 20 8

Ocean Conference 2009; CTI Promotions; Implementation of CTI Programs in Pilot Areas in each countries; Implementation of CTI Programs in priority seascape;

10 Window of Opportunity 2008 : International Year of the Reefs 2009 : World Ocean Conference-Indonesia ADB : Expression of interest to develop Coral Triangle Investment Program GEF-4 : Biodiversity Focal Area: Coral Triangle has been mentioned in the new work programs for regional initiative on International Waters Focal Area Bilateral : US and Australia (CT6 + 2) 9

Program GEF-4 : Biodiversity Focal Area: Coral Triangle has been mentioned in the new work

ON CORAL REEFS, FISHERIES

CORAL TRIANGLE INITIATIVE (CTI) ON CORAL REEFS, FISHERIES AND FOOD SECURITIES By: Cherryta Yunia Director General for Forest Protection and Nature Conservation Ministry of Forestry The Republic of Indonesia