WASTE MANAGEMENT. Assessment of the French situation

Transcription

1 WASTE MANAGEMENT Assessment of the French situation 1/25 Evolution of household waste management 1 ton 25 2 Landfill 15 1 Incineration 5 Recycling Biological way /25

2 45% 22 Management of household waste forecasting to 21 13% 6% Forcasting 21 (source enquête DR) 23% 21% 33% 3% Separate collection of packaging 2% 17% Separate collection of putrescible matter With energetic valorisation Incineration without energetic valorisation Landfilling 37% 3/25 Household waste composition evolution (large definition) taux Paper and cardboard Glass Plastic Metals Textile Fine elements Others Putrescible matter In 1993, packaging was 35 % of waste Source ADEME 4/25

3 Wastes and green house effect GREENHOUSE GAS EMISSIONS HAVE DIFFERENT IMPACT ON WASTE HOUSEHOLD regarding their composition and way of management MOST IMPORTANT CONTRIBUTION : biogas from landfills CURRENT EMISSIONS : about 2 ton CO 2 / year (5 % of total national emission) 5/25 t équivalent CO2 Storage of residual waste and green house effect Way of progress t CO2 // 1 ton of waste Gestion No non optimised optimisée: 5% de management captage du biogaz 5 % of CH4 captation Après amélioration Evolution du taux de captage of captation du biogaz: 7% 7 % Après After mise en recycling place recyclage EMB policy / JM Après mise After en compost place compostage policy Après With réduction better des km de collecte management et 2% de bennes of transport électriques in collect 6/25

4 Green house effect Situation of residual waste incineration (management of 1 ton of household waste) Way of progress Leviers d'amélioration de la gestion des déchets ménagers sur l'effet de serre pour 1 t d'om gérées t équivalent CO Gestion non optimisée: pas Après valorisation des de Without valorisation energetic énergétique After mâchefers slag et valorisation cogénération valorisation and 32 (32%) % of CHP (Combinated Heat Power) Après mise en place du recyclage After recycling des EMB / JM policy Après mise en place du After compostage compost policy Après réduction des km de collecte With et 2% better de bennes management électriques of transport in collect 7/25 Waste and green house effect Priorities to act LIMIT THE ORGANIC MATTER STORAGE CAPTATION OF CH4 IN LANDFILL RECYCLING OF ORGANIC PRODUCTS DEVELOPMENT OF ENERGETIC VALORISATION 8/25

5 French legislation about landfill disposal Nature of waste authorized to be buried - Only residual waste can be buried but difficulties to define an residual waste (depends on local situation) - Some waste as MSW can be accepted without analyses tests - Preparation of a procedure for the acceptation of the other waste 9/25 French situation about landfill disposal Main data - 9 % of tons are buried in landfills with a capacity higher than 2 t/yr - Average capacity of landfills higher than 2 t/yr = 1 t/yr - Prices : between 4 and 9 euros/t Taxe = 7,5 or 9,15 euros/t for landfills in accordance with the landfill law and 18,29 /t for other landfills More and more difficulties to open new landfills 1/25

6 Future of landfill disposal in France => Development of two new concepts of landfills Bioreactors Landfills for waste after a mechanical biological treatment (MBT) 11/25 Landfills as a bioreactor Developped mainly by the private companies Target = to enhance degradation of organic matter in order to : - limit long-term environmental risks and post-closure - decrease emissions of greenhouse gas with an impervious gas and water cap - increase energy recovery from biogas of landfills => 6 research programs cofinanced by ADEME including experimentation in 4 landfills 12/25