How To Write A Glossary Of Recycling

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2 PRESENTATION DEFINITIONS ARE PRESENTED IN THREE GROUPS The various operations, Definitions related to products, Actors FOR EACH TERM THERE IS: A precise definition, The source of that definition, i.e. the legal text referred to, or the sources of the proposal made by the working group (WG). Sources are colour-coded Grey = Definition from a regulatory text Blue = Collectively drafted proposal 2

3 SHARING A COMMON LANGUAGE... Putting the same concepts behind the same words 2ACR published the first edition of their Glossary of common terms of recycling and recovery for use by industrial businesses and their regulatory contacts end Since we had rapidly realized that words may not have the same meaning in different industrial sectors, one of the first challenges of 2ACR was to establish a common language. The association s Working Group «regulatory and technological locks» therefore set out to create and nurture a list of definitions of common terms of recycling which could be shared by all, based on existing regulatory definitions and/or collectively proposing those which didn t exist. This second edition is a new step toward this common language! Definitions have been amended (e.g. organic recovery) through joint work taking into account the needs of producers and users of the products of organic recovery. Others have been added (e.g. material recovery). Several are still under discussion; they will be proposed in a third edition, when an agreement of all stakeholders has been found. Today, 13 professional organizations are involved in this second edition: CPA, Elipso Federation of Plastics and Composites, FEDEREC, FNADE, Plastic Eco Design Center, Plastics Europe, SNCP, SNRMP, Sypred, UIC, UIPP, UNIFA. This simple shared tool, allowing fluid communication based on common references between all sectors of industry and governments at all levels (national, regional, decentralized), is and must remain alive, because the very process of making regular updates is key to its effectiveness. This new version is released in both French and English languages, to allow the largest appropriation possible among all stakeholders, direct and indirect, recycling and recovery, in France as well as outside the national scope. This glossary can be used alongside the French glossary for the waste management sector ( Lexique à l usage des acteurs de la gestion des déchets») published in May 2012 by MEDDE* and ADEME** in the CGDD-DGPR Références collection. The present document is intended for industrial businesses and their regulatory contacts, whereas the MEDDE glossary is intended more for participants in the waste management sector and has a significant educational role. **ADEME : Agence de l Environnement et de la Maitrise de l Energie *MEDDE: Ministère de l Ecologie, du Développement Durable et de l Energie 3

4 THE VARIOUS operations related to and Waste management The collection, transport, recovery and disposal of waste and, more generally, any activity that is part of the organisation of waste handling, from its production through to final treatment, including any trading or brokerage, and the supervision of all those operations. Pre-collection Collection All operations prior to the collection of waste by the removal service or the service provider. Any waste removal operation for the purpose of transport to a waste treatment facility. WG proposal based on the waste management glossary Lexique à l usage des acteurs de la gestion des déchets», «Références» collection by CGDD -DGPR (MEDDE)- ADE- ME, May Selective / separate collection Collection where a waste stream is kept separately by type and nature so as to facilitate a specific treatment Waste Directive, CGCT definition Treatment Any recovery or disposal operation, including any preparation prior to recovery or disposal. *WG: Working Group 4

5 THE VARIOUS operations related to and Disposal Any operation that is not recovery, even when said operation leads to, as a secondary consequence, recovery of substances, materials, products or energy. Destruction of fluorinated greenhouse gases Process by which all or most of a fluorinated greenhouse gas is permanently transformed or decomposed into one or more stable substances that are not fluorinated greenhouse gases. EC regulation 842/2006 of May 17, 2006 on certain fluorinated greenhouse gases ( F-Gas regulation) Recovery (fluorinated gases) Collection and storage of greenhouse gases from, for example, machines, equipment and containers. EC regulation 842/2006 of May 17, 2006 on certain fluorinated greenhouse gases ( F-Gas regulation) Disassembly/ Dismantling Any operation consisting of separating an item of equipment into several subsets, in particular operations consisting of separating out the various recoverable components and/or the polluting components. WG proposal *WG: Working Group 5

6 THE VARIOUS operations related to and Sorting Separation of a waste batch according to various criteria, such as physical-chemical characteristics or destinations, and/ or after separating the various fractions composing it, without altering its physical-chemical characteristics. WG proposal, expanded from the definition in the French circular of December 24, 2010 on the detailed procedure for decrees , and amending the nomenclature of environmentally classified facilities ( ICPE) carrying out waste treatment Grouping Receiving and reshipping waste, after any unpacking and repackaging or even overpackaging, to form larger batches. Unpacking/repackaging operations must not lead to different categories of waste being grouped together. Consequently, these operations may not be carried out if they result in changes in the incoming waste s intrinsic physical-chemical characteristics or changes in their hazard-related properties. Treatment of the mix resulting from consolidation must remain the same as that of each of the wastes handled separately before grouping. WG proposal, based on the definition in the French circular of December 24, 2010 on the detailed procedure for decrees , and amending the nomenclature of environmentally classified facilities carrying out waste treatment *WG: Working Group *ICPE: environmentally classified facility 6

7 THE VARIOUS operations related to and Transit Receiving and reshipping waste with no operation performed on it except transfer of load and temporary storage while awaiting pick-up and removal of the waste to a treatment facility. WG proposal, based on the definition in the French circular of December 24, 2010 on the detailed procedure for decrees , and amending the nomenclature of environmentally classified facilities carrying out waste processing Prevention Measures taken before a substance, material or product has become waste, that reduce at least one of the following items: (a) the quantity of waste, including through the re-use of products or the extension of the life span of products; (b) the adverse impacts of the generated waste on the environment and human health; or (c) the content of harmful for the environment and human health substances in materials and products; Extract from WFD 2008/98/EC & *WG: Working Group 7

8 THE VARIOUS operations related to and Preparation for use Any inspection, cleaning or reparation operation for the purposes of recovery, by which substances, materials or products that have become waste are prepared for reuse with no other pre-processing operation. re-use Any operation by which substances, materials or products that are not waste are used again for the same purpose they were designed for. Re-utilisation Any operation by which substances, materials or products that have become waste are used again. Recovery Any operation whereby the main result is that the waste serves a useful purpose as a substitute for other substances, materials or products that would have been used for a particular purpose, or that the waste is prepared for this purpose, including SRF (solid recovered fuel) Adaptation of French 8

9 THE VARIOUS operations related to and Material recovery Any recovery operation, excluding energy recovery. Adaptation of article 3.15 of WFD draft revision Organic recovery Aerobic (e.g. composting) or anaerobic (e.g. methanisation) processing by micro-organisms under controlled conditions, of biodegradable parts of waste, with the production of: - Compost used organic soil improver or organic fertiliser, - Methane. Landfilling cannot be considered as a form of organic recovery. Adaptation of 94/62/EC directive on packaging and packaging waste Energy recovery Use of combustible waste as a mean of producing energy by incineration, co-incineration or other techniques with energy recovery, in accordance with any regulatory criteria that apply. WG Proposal *WG: Working Group 9

10 THE VARIOUS operations related to and Recycling Any recovery operation by which waste, including organic waste, is reprocessed into substances, materials or products for their initial function or any other purpose. Energy recovery from waste, conversion of waste into fuel and backfilling operations cannot be considered as recycling operations. Regeneration Any process whereby substances, materials or products that have already been used will deliver a performance equivalent to the initial substance, material or product, given the intended use. WG Proposal Decontamination Pre-treatment or treatment stage prior to any reuse or recycling of hazardous waste that leads to the extraction, destruction or reduction of the amount of hazardous pollutants contained or the modification of their characteristics. WG Proposal *WG: Working Group 10

11 DEFINITIONS related to Eco-design Substance By-product Taking environmental aspects into account during product design with the aim of improving the environmental performance of the product throughout its life cycle. A chemical element and its compounds in the natural state or obtained by any manufacturing process, including any additive necessary to preserve its stability and any impurity deriving from the process used, but excluding any solvent which may be separated without affecting the stability of the substance or changing its composition. A substance or object resulting from a production process, the primary aim of which is not the production of that substance or object can only be considered a by-product and not waste in the sense of article L if all of the following conditions are met: further use of the substance or object is certain; the substance or object may be used directly with no additional processing other than usual industrial practices; the substance or object is produced as an integral part of a production process; the substance or object fulfils all requirements with respect to products, the environment, and the protection of health as required for the further use; the substance or object will not have any overall harmful effect on the environment or human health. the waste treatment operations do not constitute a production process under the present article. Eco-design directive 21/10/2009 REACH regulations Art. L

12 DEFINITIONS related to Recycled plastics, materials and chemicals Material resulting from recycling of plastics or chemicals that is ready to be fed into a production process, with or without compounding. WG Proposal Recycled aggregates In the case of recycled aggregates, materials that can be used in a construction process. WG Proposal Waste Hazardous waste Any substance or object, or more generally any belongings, which the user discards or has the intention of discarding or is obliged to discard. Any waste that has one or more of the hazardous properties listed in appendix I to the French decree of 11/07/2011. They are indicated by an asterisk in the list of wastes in appendix II of this decree. Art. R541-8 Non-hazardous waste Inert waste Any waste that has none of the properties that would make it hazardous waste. Any waste that undergoes no significant physical, chemical or biological alteration, does not decompose or burn, nor causes any physical or chemical reaction, is not biodegradable and does not deteriorate the materials with which it comes into contact in such a way as to harm the environment or human health. Art. R541-8 Art. R541-8 *WG: Working Group *Art. R.: French Code of Environment (regulatory part) 12

13 DEFINITIONS related to Household waste Any waste, whether or not hazardous, produced by a household. Art. R541-8 Assimilated household waste Assimilated household waste groups together waste from economic activities that may be collected with household waste, taking into account its characteristics and the quantities produced, with no particular constraints. It covers waste from businesses (craftsmen, retailers, etc.) and the tertiary sector (administrations, hospitals, etc.), collected in the same conditions as household waste. WG proposal based on the waste management glossary Lexique à l usage des acteurs de la gestion des déchets», «Références» collection by CGDD -DGPR (MEDDE)- ADEME, May Economic activity waste Any waste, whether or not hazardous, not initially produced by a household. Art. R541-8 Bio waste Any non-hazardous biodegradable waste from parks or gardens, any non-hazardous food or cooking waste, particularly from households, restaurants, caterers or retailers, and any comparable waste from food production or processing units. Art. R541-8 Compound Field: Materials/Polymers Definition: Intimate blend of one or more polymers with other substances such as fillers, plasticizers or colourings, used as a raw material in machines intended for plastic object manufacturing. French Terminology Commission, published in French Official Publication 16/11/2011 *WG: Working Group *Art. R.: French Code of Environment (regulatory part) 13

14 ACTORS Waste producer Any organisation or individual that produces waste (initial waste producer) or that carries out waste processing operations that result in a change in the nature or composition of that waste (subsequent waste producer). Waste holder Trader Waste producer or any other organisation or individual that is in possession of the waste. Any participant in waste management that acquires and subsequently sells waste on its own behalf, including traders that do not physically take possession of the waste. The trader is the waste holder in the sense of the present chapter. Art. R Broker Any participant in waste management that organises the recovery or disposal of waste for third parties, including brokers who do not physically take possession of the waste. The third party on whose behalf the recovery or disposal is organised remains the waste holder in the sense of the present chapter. Art. R *Art. R.: French Code of Environment (regulatory part) 14

15 nstead of enduring the current economic environment, and seeing scarcity of resources and job losses as inevitable, industry has opted to see this as an opportunity to build awareness of the need to change models. On the initiative of UIC (the French chemical industry federation) 2ACR, the chemistry-recycling alliance association, was formed in late 2011 by 20 businesses and their representatives who are convinced that waste management can be a real opportunity for economic and industrial development in France. Now a recognised spokesperson for industrial firms, 2ACR draws attention to the technological and, above all, economic realities, which must be taken into account in recovering resources, as well as energy, as a priority. In this way 2ACR will make an active contribution to the circular economy. 2ACR brings together industrial businesses of all sizes, from small firms to major groups, and from every sector - Environment, Chemicals, Recycling, B to C companies with a shared ambition: Make recycling a tool for reindustrialising French regions. Contact: Claire Dadou-Willmann cdadouwillmann@2acr.eu +33 (0)

16 hanks to everyone who took part in 2ACR work groups, as well as the professional organisations and administrative bodies who helped to produce this second edition. To make this common language a lasting reality, the glossary must be a living, regularly updated tool. If you would like to take part in the next edition, contact: Claire Dadou-Willmann, cdadouwillmann@2acr.eu +33 (0) Les entreprises de l emballage plastique et souple Designed & published by Association Alliance Chimie Recyclage (2ACR). Le Diamant A Paris La Défense Cedex 2 st edition november 2014 Printed on recycled paper Association Alliance Chimie Recyclage (2ACR). Rights reserved