Performance of Flood Protection Systems
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1 ENCORE-Workshop Augsburg 2015 March 27 Uwe Kleber-Lerchbaumer Bavarian Environment Agency 2013 June Flood Performance of Flood Protection Systems
2 Precipitation Records (2013 May 30 June 2) 96h Cumulative Precipitation (mm) 2013 May 30 June 2 Pegnitz Schrobenhausen a (Recurrence Interval) 0,002 0,001 a -1 (Incident Rate) Station D = 12h D = 24h D = 48h D = 72h D = 96h mm a mm a mm a mm a mm a Aschau-Stein RO ± ± Kreuth-Glashütte MIE ± ± ± Marktschellenberg BGL ± ± ± Balderschwang OA 72 5± 104 5± ± ± Herrenchiemsee RO 77 10± ± Schrobenhausen ND ± Pegnitz BY 43 5± ± Colmberg-Binzwangen AN 45 10± 66 50± 78 20± Sonnen PA 42 2± 72 20± ± ± Helmbrechts HO 28 1± 44 2± ± Nürnberg N ± Kreuth-Glashütte Aschau-Stein Precipitation (mm) and Statistical Recurrence Interval (a) for selected Precipitation Measuring Stations from 2013 May 30 until 2013 June 2 Database: LfU and DWD, Regionalisation: DWD-KOSTRA und PEN-LAWA Reference: Tab. 1-1 Bericht Junihochwasser 2013, LfU 2013
3 Discharge Peaks in regard with Recurrence and Alert Levels Recurrence (a) Alert Level Design Conditions Overload Conditions Paar Lower Isar Lower Danube Ilm Mangfall Tyrolian Ache Salzach/Saalach Discharge Peak Recurrences on s1st und 2nd Order Rivers in Bavaria (2013 June Flood) Reference: Abb. 2-2 Bericht Junihochwasser 2013, LfU 2013 Alert Levels on River Gauges in Bavaria (2013 June Flood) Reference: Abb. 2-1 Bericht Junihochwasser 2013, LfU 2013
4 Discharge Peaks in regard with Recurrence and Alert Levels Recurrence (a) Alert Level Design Conditions Overload Conditions Paar Lower Isar Lower Danube Ilm Mangfall Tyrolian Ache Salzach/Saalach Discharge Peak Recurrences on s1st und 2nd Order Rivers in Bavaria (2013 June Flood) Reference: Abb. 2-2 Bericht Junihochwasser 2013, LfU 2013 Alert Levels on River Gauges in Bavaria (2013 June Flood) Reference: Abb. 2-1 Bericht Junihochwasser 2013, LfU 2013
5 2013 June Flood Classification Floodmarks Passau: Historic City Hall 2013/ cm Inn- Gauge: Ingling Donau- Gauge: Hofkirchen m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s HQ m 3 /s m 3 /s HQ / cm Donau- Gauge: Passau-Ilzstadt m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s m 3 /s Ilz- Gauge: Kalteneck 205 m 3 /s m 3 /s HQ m 3 /s HQ 100
6 Flood Protection Systems operated by State of Bavaria Longitudinal Systems: Levees, Floodwalls and mobile Systems 1314,3 km Levees 76,9 km Floodwalls 3,0 km or 2950 m² mobile Floodwalls 196 pumping stations(shared responsibilities) 318 sluices(shared responsibilities) 410 mobile locks(shared responsibilities) Reservoirs: Dams and Flood Control Basins 26 Dams: 500,9 Mio. m³ Overall Storage Volume 1 Flood Storage Reservoir: 6,4 Mio. m³ Flood Retention Volume km Reservoir Embankments operated by private Electricity Boards (est.) km Levees, Floodwall and mobile Systems operated by Municipalities (est.)
7 Flood Protection Systems operated by State of Bavaria Longitudinal Systems: Levees, Floodwalls and mobile Systems 1314,3 km Levees 76,9 km Floodwalls 3,0 km or 2950 m² mobile Floodwalls 196 pumping stations(shared responsibilities) 318 sluices(shared responsibilities) 410 mobile locks(shared responsibilities) Reservoirs: Dams and Flood Control Basins 26 Dams: 500,9 Mio. m³ Overall Storage Volume 1 Flood Storage Reservoir: 6,4 Mio. m³ Flood Retention Volume km Reservoir Embankments operated by private Electricity Boards (est.) km Levees, Floodwall and mobile Systems operated by Municipalities (est.)
8 Status of Longitudinal Systems operated by State of Bavaria Annual Status Reports (internal) Part A: Display and Classification of Systems (annual) Part B: Stateof Systems (annual) Part C: Inspectionof Systems (periodical) Part D: Performance of Systems (occasionally) Issued: Bavarian Environment Agency (LfU), 1st edition 2009 References: Annual Database-Reports by Regional State Water Directions (WWA) National Codes and Guidelines (e.g.) Code: DIN (2013): Technical Flood Protection (Federation) Code of Practice: DWA (2011): Levees (Federation) Code of Practice: BWK-M 6 (2005): Mobile Elements (Federation) Manual: LfU-LF (2011): Controlling and Inspection (Bavaria)
9 Database-System (Gewässeratlas Bayern)
10 Status of Longitudinal Systems operated by State of Bavaria Project and Construction Spefications Desgin Criteria (HQDesign): HQ % Climate Change Surcharge Freeboard: 0,5-1,0 m min. (Levees, Mobile Elements) resp. 0,2 m min. (Floodwalls) EC7-Stability Proof Criteria P ( permanent ): HQ100-Waterlevel (equates to Alert Level 3) EC7-Stability Proof Criteria A ( accidental ): Crest-Waterlevel (equates to Alert Level 4) Material requirements Geotechnichal minimum values: grading, compacting, permeability, Cross section minimum values: crest, slope ratio, accessibilty, security bands,
11 Status of Longitudinal Systems operated by State of Bavaria Project and Construction Spefications Desgin Criteria (HQDesign): HQ % Climate Change Surcharge Freeboard: 0,5-1,0 m min. (Levees, Mobile Elements) resp. 0,2 m min. (Floodwalls) EC7-Stability Proof Criteria P ( permanent ): HQ100-Waterlevel (equates to Alert Level 3) EC7-Stability Proof Criteria A ( accidental ): Crest-Waterlevel (equates to Alert Level 4) Material requirements Geotechnichal minimum values: grading, compacting, permeability, Cross section minimum values: crest, slope ratio, accessibilty, security bands,
12 Status of Longitudinal Systems operated by State of Bavaria Project and Construction Spefications Desgin Criteria (HQDesign): HQ % Climate Change Surcharge Freeboard: 0,5-1,0 m min. (Levees, Mobile Elements) resp. 0,2 m min. (Floodwalls) EC7-Stability Proof Criteria P ( permanent ): HQ100-Waterlevel (equates to Alert Level 3) EC7-Stability Proof Criteria A ( accidental ): Crest-Waterlevel (equates to Alert Level 4) Material requirements Geotechnichal minimum values: grading, compacting, permeability, Cross section minimum values: crest, slope ratio, accessibilty, security bands, Flood Protection vs. Flood Risk Management (FRM) Lessons learned: Resilience for most vulnerable Flood Protection Systems required! Systemical components Techniques
13 State of Flood Protection Systems in Bavaria (AP2020-Balance)
14 State of Flood Protection Systems in Bavaria (AP2020-Balance)
15 Danube between Straubing-Vilshofen Parkstetten Straubing AP-Rehabs since 1998 Irlbach Pfelling Plattling Isar Deggendorf Facts: 1930s Levees: HQ30-Design (240 km Levees, 42 Pumping Stations, 285 km² Area, Inhabitants) Treaty raftified by FRG and Bavaria: Navigation and FRM generally linked Advanced Packages partially realized since 1998 (120 Mio. EUR, Part 1&2, Part 3 in implementation) Investigation of Alternatives (EU-Study) published in 2012 Dec: River Training without Dams (Variant A) 2013 Feb 27 Bavarian State Gouvernement Decision: FRM realized based on Variant A, AP (Part 3) completed, both acellerated 2013 Jun: Aproval Process starts 2013 Jun 2: HQ100+ Flood Event Osterhofen
16 Performance of rehabilitated Levees (AP, Part 1&2)
17 Performance of non-rehabilitated Levees
18 1st Collapse (Auterwörth) Projected HQ100-Backward-Levee Levee non-rehabiltated Embankments alongside State Road effective Projected HQ30+Retention Reservoir 30 Mio. m³ 1st Levee-Collapse(June 2 11:55 a.m.)
19 1st Collapse (Auterwörth)
20 1st Collapse (Auterwörth)
21 1st Collapse (Auterwörth)
22 1st Collapse (Auterwörth)
23 1st Collapse (Auterwörth)
24 2nd Collapse (Lower Isar) Levee reconstructed (Setbacks, AP-Part 2) Embankments alongside Interstate Freeway failed 70 Mio. m³ Levee non-rehabiltated 2nd Levee-Collapse(June 2 12:10 a.m.)
25 2nd Collapse (Lower Isar)
26 2nd Collapse (Lower Isar)
27 2nd Collapse (Lower Isar)
28 2nd Collapse (Lower Isar)
29 2nd Collapse (Lower Isar)
30 2nd Collapse (Lower Isar)
31 2nd Collapse (Lower Isar)
32 Danube-Gauges Deggendorf and Hofkirchen, Deggendorf (WSA Regensburg) Hofkirchen (WSA Regensburg) upstream downstream
33 Thesis 2013 June Flood was classifiedmuchmorecriticalin comparisionwith precedingfloods in regard with aerial extension and intensity causesa total monetarydamageof approx. 1,3 Mrd. EUR (1),thus itwas regarded as most costly natural disaster in 2013 worldwide has affirmed flood protection systems realized until 1998 (AP-Part 1&2) would had cause more grave damages without those measures pointedout limitationsof technicalflood protectionand causedreflectionson FRM-Strategies to prevent damages by overload events as far as reasonable
34 Thesis 2013 June Flood was classifiedmuchmorecriticalin comparisionwith precedingfloods in regard with aerial extension and intensity causesa total monetarydamageof approx. 1,3 Mrd. EUR (1),thus itwas regarded as most costly natural disaster in 2013 worldwide has affirmed realised flood protection systems would had cause more grave damages without those measures pointedout limitationsof technicalflood protectionand causedreflectionson FRM-Strategies to prevent damages by overload events as far as reasonable Flood Storage Basins Defined overflow sections Overtopable cross-sections for system-relevant levees
35 Overtopable Cross-Sections Technologies Steel-Sheet-Walls: 150,5 km ( ) Cement-Bentonite-Slurry-Walls(MIP/DSM/FMI, single-phase): 135,4 km ( ) Diaphragm-Walls (double-phase): 4,6 km ( ) Bored-Pile-Walls: 0,8 km ( )
36 Tyrolian Ache (Chiemsee-Delta)
37 Environmental Impacts
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