THE FOUR RIVERS RESTORATION PROJECT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO THE CHAO PHRAYA RIVER

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1 KOREA S EXEMPLARY CASE OF FLOOD PREVENTION THE FOUR RIVERS RESTORATION PROJECT AND ITS IMPLICATIONS TO THE CHAO PHRAYA RIVER Office of National River Restoration, Korea MLTM Republic of Korea

2 CONTENTS 1 BACKGROUND 2 THE FOUR RIVERS RESTORATION PROJECT 3 IMPLICATIONS TO THE CHAO PHRAYA RIVER 2

3 1. BACKGROUND 3

4 Major Rivers in South Korea Han River Geum River Nakdong River Yeongsan River

5 HYDROLOGICAL CHARACTERISTICS IN KOREA 1 Annual averaged precipitation of Korea :1,245mm Similar to the Chao Phraya River (1,179mm) 2 2/3 of Annual rainfall during Flood Season (JUN - SEP) Climate : Korea (Temperate Monsoon) vs. Chao Phraya (Tropical Monsoon) Repeated floods and droughts like Thailand 3 Water Shortage - Not much of Available Water Just 27%(33.7 million m3) is available Total amount of water available per capita in a year is approximately 1/8 less than the world average

Chao Phraya (Tropical Monsoon) Repeated floods and droughts like Thailand 3 Water Shortage - Not much of Available Water

6 CLIMAGE CHANGE, HEAVY STORMS FLOOD DAMAGE Annual flood damage: US$ 2.2 billion Restoration expenditure: US$ 3.5 billion Vicinity of the Nakdong River 6

7 DROUGHT DAMAGES IN KOREA - The photo & film competition of the natural disaster prevention 7

8 PROSPECT OF CLIMATE CHANGE IN KOREA Temperature & Precipitation Annual temp. 3.6 & annual average precipitation 14% Annual Average 1971~ ~2090 Increase Temperature Precipitation 1,230mm 1,398mm 14% Change of the pattern of precipitation 8

6 & annual average precipitation 14% Annual Average 1971~2000

9 FLOOD & DROUGHT DAMAGES ( ) Flood Damages (Typhoon : 2002 Rusa, 2003 Maemi, 2006 Ewinia) Nation(Total) Han Nakdong Geum Yeongsan Others Death Damage Amount (Billion Baht) * Total flood damage: billion Baht( ) Drought Damages Year Damages 1994~ Cities & Counties (173,269 ha) 2001~ Cities & Counties (304,815 people experienced water supply restriction) 2008~ Cities & Counties (1,227 Villages experienced water supply restriction) * Severe drought cycle after 1990 : 7 year ( ) 9

4 billion Baht(2000-2010) Drought Damages Year Damages 1994~1995 86 Cities & Counties (173,269 ha) 2001~2002 86 Cities & Counties (304,815 people

10 2. FOUR RIVERS RESTORATION PROJECT 10

11 REVIVAL OF RIVERS: A NEW KOREA Securing Water Improving water quality Protecting against Floods Promoting Local Economy Restoring the River Ecosystem 11

12 PROJECT SCOPES & EFFECTS Flood Control Dredging: 0.46 billion ton, Flood Control Retention: 6 Reinforcing old Levees: 620 km lowering Flood Water Level (0.4-4m) Water Security 16 Weirs and two Dams 96 Improving Reservoirs Secure 1.3 billion tons of water Water Quality Improvement Sewage Facilities: 1,281 TP Treatment Facilities : 273 Swimmable water 76% 86% Ecological Restoration Ecological Wetlands: 39 Preserving natural wildlife habitat Fish-way Restoration: 14 sites Improve Natural Ecology & Promote Eco-tourism Waterfront Development Constructing bicycle roads: 1,657km Tourist Attraction Sites : 36 Escalate people s quality of life 12

3 billion tons of water Water Quality Improvement Sewage Facilities: 1,281 TP Treatment Facilities : 273 Swimmable water 76% 86% Ecological Restoration

13 PROJECT BUDGET & SCHEDULE Composition of Budget Improving Water Quality (unit : billion USD) Dredging Ecological Stream Restoration Building weir 5.5 Reinforcing levees & Construction of Dams 2.0 Embanking Agricultural reservoir Project Schedule Primary Projects Completed by 2011 Remaining Projects Will be Completed by

3 Building weir 5.5 Reinforcing levees & Construction of Dams 2.

14 1 FLOOD CONTROL DREDGING OF SEDIMENTED RIVERBED & AGRICULTURAL LAND REMODELING Increasing Drainage capacity of the rivers Lowering Flood Level by Dredging (0.46 billion m3) Water Level Decline by Dredging Dredging 14

capacity of the rivers Lowering Flood Level by

15 AGRICULTURAL LAND REMODELING Dredged soils are used for aggregate and improving agricultural lands Dredged accumulations are treated by the soil pollution standard BEFORE AFTER Sections for the agricultural land remodeling 15

accumulations are treated by the soil pollution standard

16 FLOOD CONTROL EFFECT IN 2011 Record-breaking rainfall during rainy season (June 20~July 17, 2011) - Rainfall over 640mm for 20days (2.6 times more than the average) * The annual mean precipitation : 1,245mm No damaged areas due to the low flood water level (2~4m ) by dredging Rivers 1.Han 2.Nakdong 3.Geum 4.Yeongsan Mainstream Yeoju Sangju Yungi Naju 2.54m 3.78m 3.36m 2.13m Tributary Seom Hyung Miho Hyungrong 0.5m 1.3m 0.5m 0.6m 16

6 times more than the average) * The annual mean precipitation : 1,245mm No damaged areas due to the low

17 2 WATER SECURITY 16 WEIRS: STORING 800 MILLION TON 17

18 MOVABLE WEIRS Discharging Sedimentations periodically Controlling water level by flood forecast Lift Type Rotary Type (Rising Sector) Turning Type Sedimentation Discharge Water Level Control 18

19 3 WATER QUALITY & ECOLOGY IMPROVEMENT CLEAN WATER (SWIMMABLE WATER) 76% (2006) 86% (2012) * Estimated by National Institute of Environmental Research * Swimmable Water: Water Quality Grade II, BOD 3mg/L) Non-point Pollution Source Reduction Water Quality Improvement Facilities: 1,281 (3.9 trillion won) Sewage Facilities: 1,044 Total Phosphorus Treatment Plant:

Grade II, BOD 3mg/L) Non-point Pollution Source Reduction Water Quality Improvement

20 4 ECOLOGICAL RESTORATION Ecological Stream: 929 km Ecological Wetland: 39 sites Total 3.87 million m2 of the wetlands will be expanded ( million m2) Preserving Endangered Species Propagation of Endangered Fishes Restoration of fish migration and natural wildlife habitat 20

21 5 WATERFRONT DEVELOPMENT MULTI-PURPOSE USING OF WATERFRONT Coexistence of the People and Natures Making easy accessible waterfront sites ESTABLISHING LEISURE PLACE Constructing bicycle roads (1,657km) Promenades, Water Leisure sports area 21

22 SITE PHOTOS Geum River ( ) Geum River ( ) Marathon racing ( ) Maegdo District ( ) 22

23 SITE PHOTOS (weirs) 23

24 3. IMPLICATION TO THE CHAO PHRAYA RIVER 24

25 WHAT WE DID FOR IMPLEMENTAION ORGANIZATION LEGAL COMPLIANCE PUBLIC PARTICIPITAION 25

26 PROJECT ORGANIZATION STRUCTURE 26

27 EXECUTION OF MAJOR LEGAL PROCEDURES Environmental Assessment June 2009: Preliminary Environmental Review were completed June 2010: Environmental Impact Assessment were completed A post-construction environmental impact survey is now underway It is being carried out for the three years from commencement to completion of construction. Cultural Property Survey 220 personnel from 23 organizations that the Cultural Heritage Administration publicly announced as excavation-specializing organizations participated in an earth-surface survey. It was meticulously conducted over three months (February 10 April 30, 2009) 27

28 PUBLIC PARTICIPATION Public Meeting Times with 37,000(2009) - 70 Times with 23,000 (2010) Feedback Process with Local Government - Local Governments submitted 836 Recommendations, (worth 98.3 trillion KRW) - River-related 213 cases were reflected in the Plan 28

29 INTEGRATED WATER MANAGEMENT OPERATION, MAINTENANCE, MANAGEMENT Integrated River Management System Multi-purpose Weir (Small Scale Dam) Multi-purpose Dam & Flood Control Retention A comprehensive management through integrated approaches with weir, dam, flood control retention, etc. Agricultural Reservoir

30 Applicable Ideas for Flood Management Upstream Joint Operation (Flood Control) Build Storage - Dam - Reservoirs Middle Zone Retarding & Retention - Detention basin - Retention areas - Storage ponds Downstream Quick Drainage - Diversion canal - Dredging - Barrage Safe water block - Distribution plan - Zoning & Pumping - Embankment 30

31 3. Ideas 짜오프라야강 for Implementation 홍수관리 대책 제안 Establish a project plan based on the priority and implementation of short term plans as early as possible Short term plans Long term plans 1) Dredging in bottlenecked region and Remodeling of farmland 2) Develop an IWRM system and Joint operation 3) Movable Weirs 4) Construction of multi-purpose dams, 5) Diversion canals and Detention ponds, 6) Barrages (river mouth and key control points) 7) Division of drainage zones 31

32 Thank you for your attention! 32

FOUR RIVERS RESTORATION PROJECT

MLTM Republic of Korea Making Every Drop Count International Workshop on Integrated Urban Water Management WATER & GREEN GROWTH FOUR RIVERS RESTORATION PROJECT Office of National River Restoration, Korea