Enhanced Reporting in SAP All-In-One

Transcription

1 Enhanced Reporting in SAP All-In-One Contents: Overview on enhanced reporting in SAP All-in-One Creating Infosets and Infoset queries based on existing reports Connect Infoset queries with POWER Lists SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 1 In this chapter you will learn more about how reporting is enhanced in SAP All-in-One. You will see what Infosets and their Infoset Queries are and how you can connect them with POWER Lists to improve reporting. Finally, this chapter will also explain, how a user can slice and dice reporting data using the Business Explorer. 1

2 Enhanced Reporting in SAP All-In-One? At the conclusion of this unit, you will be able to: Explain the enhanced reporting concept of SAP All-in-One in general Use provided SAP Tools to improve existing reporting Understand, where SAP Tools can help you and where manual steps are required Enhance your Roles in PFCG with reporting POWER Lists SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 2 At the end of this chapter you will be able to explain the enhanced reporting concept of SAP All-In-One You will be able to use the tools provided by SAP to improve existing reports in the backend system and to decide where manual action needs to take place for report improvements. This chapter will also enable you to enhance your PFCG roles, adding POWER Lists for reporting to it. Finally, you re able to use the BEx Analyzer as data analysis tool. 2

3 Enhanced Reporting in SAP All-in-One Data Analysis starts with POWER lists POWER list can be personalized by each user Direct visualization of charts within POWER list Business Explorer (BEx) Analyzer Easy integration of ALV Reports in new concept SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 3 As you already know, with SAP All-in-One and the SAP NetWeaver Business Client a new navigation and interaction paradigm is introduced. One of the main UI elements to support this new paradigm is the POWER List. While navigating through the system you will find many POWER Lists connected to the navigation panel. The POWER Lists are not only used to show up business objects related to the navigation structure. Also in the reporting area, SAP has started to consequently make use of this UI element. Assumed that user much quicker get familiar with the POWER List as it is used in many areas, the user will be able to leverage the system capabilities in a much broader fashion. With this, the user immediately receives all benefits of the POWER List including its personalization capability. On top, the POWER Lists offers some more functionality, if it is defined a pure reporting POWER List. In this case, the personalization also allows to add graphics like pie-, bar- or other charts to the list. In all POWER Lists, no matter whether they are pure reporting lists or work item lists like a view on sales orders, it always provide the capability to export the shown data to the Business Explorer Analyzer (BEx). This enables the user to slice and dice the given data, aggregate it and finally put it into charts. As BEx export is part of every POWER List, it becomes clear, that reporting is not only limited to those lists defined for pure reporting. Also a list on billing documents, open sales orders and so on can be seen as reporting and therefore further analyzed using the BEx Analyzer. POWER Lists indicated as pure report lists are based on a specific WDK. We will come to this later again. This WDK requires a specific basis to rely on, which is the so called Infoset Query and its underlying Infoset. With other words, in SAP All-in-One, the Infoset became the technical basis for that what SAP calls streamlined reporting. If Infosets do not exist for a specific reporting requirement, there are several options to make such an Infoset and its query available. Creating a new Infoset from scratch Generating an Infoset based on an existing ALV report. This is supported by SAP tools, specifically designed to generate Infoset and Infoset Query. Manually create a new Infoset and Infoset Query based on existing information from other reports like Drill-Down reports. 3

4 Technical View on Reporting Tool generated Infosets & Infoset Queries based on ALV reports Infoset Infoset Infoset Tool Infoset Queries ABAP Reports using ALV Manually created Infosets & Infoset Queries based on other data providers Infoset Queries Infoset Infoset Infoset Manual steps required Drill-Down Reporting DB Tables LIS / VIS / AIS Database SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 4 As said, within SAP All-in-One reporting can be streamlined by using the POWER Lists as starting point for data review and the BEx Analyzer for further analysis. Both based on an Infoset environment. However, historically, most of the reports are available as ALV reports or Drill-Down Reports based on a specific reporting environment like the LIS Database. As the Infoset is required to use the reporting in the POWER Lists, a first step to take is, to bring existing reports into this Infoset environment. For sure, reports can also build from scratch using Infosets. Nevertheless, using existing reports as basis will accelerate the process of getting new Infosets. SAP already delivers a set of streamlined reports in SAP All-in-One. However, partners and customers might require more or other reports. As a result, soon or later, they will start creating own Infosets. This chapter will focus on how to create Infosets using existing reports. In the case of existing ALV reports, things become relatively easy as SAP offers tools which help generating Infosets based on the existing ALV reports and their settings. In all other (non-alv) cases, Infosets need to be created manually. Both cases will be described in this chapter. 4

5 How to Streamline Existing ALV Reports: Concept Mandatory Steps Prerequisites Existing ABAP report using ALV Infoset Queries Infoset Infoset Infoset 1 2 SQ_Report_Infoset Generating Infoset and Infoset Query based on existing ALV report Transaction SQ01 / SQ02 To refine Infoset Query 3 Report WDK_GENERATE_POWL_CUST To connect Infoset Query with POWER List 4 POWL_QUERY To refine the default POWER List query SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 5 The concept to streamline an existing ALV report is a sequence of four steps and quite easy to follow. Note: Again, important at this point is that this concept will only work with ALV reports. In all other cases, manual steps need to be taken. As a first step in the sequence, the Infoset and the Infoset Query will be generated. For this step, SAP tools are available for generation. At the end of this step, you will have an Infoset, which can be seen as a specific table view on the reporting data in the backend system. Additionally, you will have the Infoset Query which sits on top of the Infoset and retrieves the data from it. In a second step, you can improve the Infoset and the Infoset Query with transactions SQ01 and SQ02. In this step, you can reduce the number of columns, the column headers or replace some cryptic information in the data fields with more valuable information. The 3rd step connects the new Infoset and the Infoset Query with a POWER List. As a first task, a specific ABAP program is used, to generate the necessary POWER List configuration (POWL_TYPE, POWL_TYPER, POWL_QUERY, POWL_QUERYR). After his, a new WD element is added to a role which uses a predefined POWER List setup (POWL and WDK_Reporting) and the APPLID which was created before. Finally, step four is used to refine the generated POWER List query. This step includes arrangement of columns, configuration of list with calculations and more. The following slides will describe this sequence in more detail. 5

6 Switch to SAP Menu Navigate to List of Customer Line Items Start report SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 6 Before we start generating the Infoset and the Infoset Query, we first need to find an ALV report we can use for this practice. By searching such a report, the first advantage of the streamlined reporting will become visible. To search a report, we start a SAPGUI connecting our backend system. Make sure that you switch to the SAP Menu and navigate to Accounting Financial Accounting Accounts Receivable Information System Reports for Accounts Receivable Accounting Start List of Customer Line Items by double-clicking the item. As mentioned before, one advantage of the streamlined reporting becomes visible pretty quick while navigating to the appropriate report. You need 7 clicks to get to the report and to launch it. 6

7 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 7 The screen shot on the left shows the criteria maintenance of the report. As you can see, it offers the possibility to enter a variety of criteria to specify the output of the report. Unfortunately, this also results in a pretty complex screen, even if the customer normally requires just a view of these settings. If you execute the report (F8), you will see the report itself as shown in the right screenshot. Also here you can find a large amount of columns and information. Again, also here the screen becomes quite complex, especially for a customer who is interested in parts of the output, only. What we will do next is to streamline this report, bringing it into a Infoset environment and connecting it to a POWER List. At the end of the practice shown in the upcoming slides, we will see a criteria maintenance with just the two fields Customer account and Company code. Additionally, we will see a list which is reduced in fields and will also beautified in several ways. However, there is one thing you need to know first. First, you need to know whether this is an ALV report and with this a basis for an automatic generation of the Infoset and the Infoset Query. Second, you need to know the technical name of the report which needs to be specified later in the generator. 7

8 Program name of report Proof point for ALV Report SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 8 The place to get the information you need can be found within the SAPGUI Menu item System Status. On the left screenshot, you can see the status information which was called within the criteria maintenance. The program field indicates the technical program name of this report. You need to remember this, as it will be a required entry for the generation later. On the right screenshot, you see the status information which was called within the report. Here, the program (GUI) field with the entry SAPLKKBL indicated that this really is a ALV report. If there is another value than SAPLKKBL in this field, it is not a ALV report and as a result cannot be used as basis for the generator. In this case, Infoset and Infoset Query needs to be created manually. 8

9 Transaction Transaction SQ_REPORT_INFOSET SQ_REPORT_INFOSET SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 9 As we now have the report s program name at hand, we can start streamlining the report. To do this, we need to start transaction SQ_REPORT_INFOSET. Within this transaction, we can specify a name which will be the name of our Infoset later. After this, press the Create button. In the upcoming window you will be asked about a report name and a structure. The report name is exactly the name we have discovered earlier. In our example it is RFDEPL00. The structure is just a name we need at this point. Just freely decide which name you want to use. However, you need to make sure, that the structure is in customer name range, or with other words starts with Z. Finally, confirm your values. 9

10 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 10 In the following screen you see the generator which we are going to use to generate our new Infoset and Infoset Query based on the given report RFDEPL00. This generator provides three tabs we need to go through step by step. In the first step we will generate a structure which is the basis for the Infoset and the Infoset Query and holds the information about the data structure beneath the Infoset. As second step we will generate the Infoset itself and finally as third step the Infoset Query. Let s start with the structure first. The slide shows the actions to take. By pressing the Execute button, the real report gets started. This records the criteria maintenance of the report as well as the output. As a result you really need to have to execute the report to see the output. However, you don t need to specify any values in the criteria maintenance. From the output, go back to the initial generator screen. You ll see, that the right side of the generator screen now shows the data structure recorded from the report. 10

11 Start generation of structure Chance to eliminate unnecessary field SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 11 From here, we now have the option, to eliminate unnecessary fields to streamline the structure and with this improve the later performance of the new report. Though, you should consider, that eliminating a field at this point has the performance advantage but also the disadvantage that these fields cannot be re-imported if you decided later that a field is required again. With other words: If you would like to bring fields back, you would need to start the whole procedure from the start. In addition, you need to know, that this is not the only chance to eliminate fields. We will see later, that there is another area, where we can do the same. Nevertheless, we will also discover that from performance perspective it is the best to get rid of unnecessary fields as soon as possible. Knowing these facts, it becomes clear that removing fields should be done quite wisely, deleting the fields where you are pretty sure that these will not be needed later. At the end you want to improve performance while still having options later. To remove / eliminate fields, do a right-mouse click on the specific field and choose Delete Field. Before we switch to the next tab strip, we need to generate the new structure for our Infoset based on the imported structure and the fields we have deleted. To do this press the button generate structure. 11

12 Next activity: Generating Infoset Result after generation of structure SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 12 After the new structure is generated, you can review it. This structure will be the basis for our next steps. We are now ready to generate the Infoset. Therefore we switch to the tab strip Infoset. 12

13 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 13 As said earlier, our target for this practice is, to limit the criteria maintenance to the two fields Customer account and Company code. Therefore we need to hide all other selections. The Infoset exactly is the place where this can be done. By right-mouse click, you can hide the selection in the Infoset. In our case we hide all selections except DD_KUNNR and DD_BUKRS as these are the two selections we wanted to keep. Before we re going to generate the Infoset based on our entries we would have the chance to maintain a check class. This would be done to implement a value check or to set default values for the selection fields. In our exercise we will not do this. 13

14 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 14 So, we continue with generating the Infoset by pressing the appropriate button. As we can see, the generator puts the fields to the left side of the screen, indicating that these are the available selections in our Infoset, now. With this, the Infoset is completed and we can switch to the tab strip Queries. 14

15 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 15 The tab Queries is the place, where we can generate the query. At this point, we don t need much to do, as we can improve the query with convenient tools, later. We simply need to add a user group which is a technical vehicle used to group the different Infoset. Please make sure that you use the value /KYK/IS_UG as other generating tools are based on this naming. Furthermore, we need to specify a name for our query and can add a description as well. After entering all the required values, press the Generate Query button. In the Queries of Infoset section an entry will appear, indicating that the query was generated. At this point, we can test the query by right-mouse click and Execute Query. You will see the ALV report with the simplified criteria maintenance. For technical reasons, there is a third input field available which will be removed later. At the current point, we would be able to connect this Infoset Query already to a POWER List. Nevertheless, as we still see the output in a quite complex fashion, the next step of this practice is to simplify this as well. The simplification of the output will include changing column headers, reducing the number of columns and finally changing the output text in some areas to replace current abbreviations like RV with more helpful information. 15

16 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 16 To simplify the output we need to start transaction SQ01. After the transaction has started, you need to specify the user group first. With this, the Infoset Queries of this group become visible, including our query QUERYNAME1 we have generated recently. First thing we are going to do is, reducing the number of columns used in the report output. To do so, we need to maintain the Infoset Query. You can reach the maintenance via the button Infoset Query. Make sure to have your query selected, first. 16

17 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 17 In the next screen you can expand the folder field group for generated Infoset. You will see a list of the field groups (columns) used in the Infoset query. The column Output can be used to deselect the columns which shouldn t be shown in the report later. As said in the beginning while generating the structure, this is the other option to remove columns. The advantage here is, that you simply need to select a field again to bring it back to screen if needed. The disadvantage is, that technically all columns are still there and being processed in the backend system which influences the performance. Remove all unnecessary columns and make sure to have at least one measurement value still available. As an example, you might leave Amount in local currency selected. By pressing the save button, a pop-up will arise. Just confirm this pop-up. 17

18 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 18 Let s see, how the last action has changed the output of our report. If you go back to the main screen, you will be able to execute the report via right-mouse click Execute Execute. The report will be started as normal. You will see the criteria maintenance first. Execute the report and you will see the output which includes the columns we have selected before, only. With this we really have simplified the output a lot. However, if look closer to the column headers we see, that some headers have no meaningful naming. As one example you will see the column Name 1 which is representing the customer name. As next step, we will change this column header name to Customer Name. 18

19 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 19 As a rule of thumb, we can say that text changes normally require changes at the Infoset level. Before we navigate to the Infoset level, there is one step we need to perform first, which is updating the text fields. One advantage of using the Infosets is, that we have the option to re-check the names given for the single columns against the data dictionary. As the fields are based on data elements and data domains, the Infoset can be checked against the naming information given in the data dictionary. To perform this update, you need to select More functions Update text fields in the SAPGUI menu. After starting the update a window comes up showing a log of the update activity. By confirming this window, you will come back to the initial screen. As said, to change the text in the column header, we need to maintain the Infoset itself. Therefore we choose Infoset in the Environment menu of the SAPGUI menu bar. 19

20 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 20 In the initial screen of the Infosets, select your Infoset and press the Change button. After expanding the structure of generated Infoset tree, you will see the list of all columns in the structure. By selecting the Name 1 field, you have the chance to maintain a new name for the long text as well as the column header. We re just changing the name to Customer Name and press the save button to proceed. Confirm the two upcoming questions with yes. It s time to review the report s output again. Therefore we need to go back to the query overview which can be accessed via Environment Queries in the SAPGUI menu bar. 20

21 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 21 As we can see now, the column name for the output of the customer name is now set correctly. Again, we could improve the output adding more meaningful names to the columns. By reviewing the result in the screenshot we still see room for improvement. Some columns like document type show up data using abbreviations like RV. More helpful would be to have a real text like Billing Document Transfer in this fields. So, as next step, we re going to improve the output of these fields. 21

22 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 22 To change the output from abbreviations to some text we need to go back to the Infoset Query level. Select your query and press the Infoset Query button. If you look closer at the icons in front of the field names, you will recognize that some icons have an additional T symbol. This indicates all the fields, where the check against the data dictionary we performed earlier put additional text to the field. As the field document type is also marked with a T we select the entry do a right-mouse click Output. We see that this field is currently set to Only Value. We re changing this to text to replace the value (RV) with a more meaningful text. Press the save button and commit the upcoming window to leave the screen. 22

23 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 23 For the last time, let s review the output of the report. The document type shows a more helpful text now. To summarize the things we did: We have reduced the number of columns in the Infoset Query. We have changed the name of the column header on Infoset level. We changed the output from value to text in the Infoset Query to get rid of the abbreviations. 23

24 Transaction Transaction SE38 SE38 WDK_GENERATE_POWL_CUST WDK_GENERATE_POWL_CUST SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 24 What we finally need to do is to add the new Infoset to a POWER List. For this task a program is available, which generates all necessary entries to the POWER Lists framework including the APPLID we need to use later. To start the program, start transaction SE38 and launch program WDK_GENERATE_POWL_CUST. In the initial screen you just need to specify the Infoset Query you have recently generated. Execute the generator. A log file appears showing all single tasks which were taken. 24

25 Transaction Transaction SE38 SE38 /KYK/IS_POWL /KYK/IS_POWL SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 25 To test the settings in the POWER List framework, start transaction and launch program /KYK/IS_POWL. Note, this program was developed to test the settings done by the generator only. You will not be able to test POWER Lists which are not based on an Infoset Query. In the initial screen, again specify the Infoset Query and execute the program. The MS Internet Explorer will come up, showing the POWER List with the reporting we have generated as Infoset. 25

26 SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 26 The POWER List is working fine and we can add it to our role, now. As already described in chapter 5, you can put your new reporting POWER List into your role. Please be aware that POWER Lists based on Infoset Queries require an additional parameter to be set. This parameter is WDCONIGURATIONID which needs to be set to WDK_REPORTING. 26

27 Data viewer for Reporting: Business Explorer Analyzer POWER List Get Data Infoset Infoset Infoset Infoset Queries SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 27 This part of the presentation will be detailed later 27

28 SAP Roles (Part II): Unit Summary! You are now able to: Explain the enhanced reporting concept of SAP All-in-One in general Use provided SAP Tools to improve existing reporting Understand, where SAP Tools can help you and where manual steps are required Enhance your Roles in PFCG with reporting POWER Lists SAP AG 2007, SAP All-in-One: UE Workshop 28 With this, we have reached the end of this chapter. You should be able now, to leverage the new concepts and tools for reporting in SAP All-in-One. 28

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