光海底ケーブル過去現在未

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1 Asia Pacific Submarine Cable Systems Past, Present, Future 光海底ケーブル過去現在未 Up-Dated From Jan. 30, 2012, AFCEA Tokyo, Japan Chapter Seminar Presented By: Wm. (Bill) Crawley W. クロ-リ- Senior Telecom Advisor Presentation to SAME - Tuesday, March 13, 2012

30, 2012, AFCEA Tokyo, Japan Chapter Seminar Presented By: Wm.

2 Asia Pacific Submarine Cable Systems 過去現在未来 : ** Brief History First Submarine Cable systems ** Asia / Pacific Area cable maps as reference ** Fiber Optic Submarine Cable Systems vs. Satellites ** the Bandwidth explosion, demand & drivers ** Submarine Cable Design & Construction ** Components of Submarine Cable Bandwidth ** Cost and Deployment of Submarine Cable Systems ** Current Submarine Cable technology ** The Future of Submarine Cables Systems ** Q and A Presentation to SAME: Mar. 2012

Satellites ** the Bandwidth explosion, demand & drivers ** Submarine Cable Design & Construction ** Components of Submarine

3 Asia Pacific Telecom s & Submarine Cable Systems: * Brief History First Submarine Cable system - in 1866 年 U.K. - New York, 2,440 knt miles, Final taking 42 days to lay this 1st cable. It took 3 attempts Then the Pacific Cables * How Many recall the origin of HF Radio Systems..? (1st. Trans Atlantic HF Radio Message, Oct.17, 1907 年 ) (Later, December 1941 年 HF Radio Tx Mainland to Hawaii..) (Atmospheric Condx blocked a critical message..) * Next, Copper submarine cables - Early 年 s. I.e. TPC-1 * Then, Coax submarine cables - 60 年 s * And now, Its all Fiber Optics Cables and Satellites Presentation to SAME

It took 3 attempts Then the Pacific Cables * How Many recall the origin of HF Radio Systems..? (1st. Trans Atlantic HF Radio Message, Oct.

4 Asia Pacific Submarine Cable Systems Enabling Next Generation / Visual Communications Throughout The Asia Pacific Region (Note Maps) Presentation to SAME

7 Submarine Cables vs. Satellites Latency: (U.S. - Japan) Satellites Round trip delay: Submarine Cables: = 650 msec = 120 msec Satellites: * Sun Spot Solar Activity: RF Interference: Refractive Index & beam bending Bandwidth limitations RF Access / Security Issues / Satellite Threat Satellite Life vs. submarine cables: GEO: years LEO: 7-8 years *Sub. Cable: Years (Avg) Presentation to SAME

Index & beam bending Bandwidth limitations RF Access / Security Issues / Satellite Threat Satellite

8 Asia / Pacific Submarine Cable Systems *Why More Cable Systems Now..? なぜ光海底ケーブがもつと必要とされるのか? *Do we have Enough Cables..? 光海底ケーブルは充分にあるのか? Presentation to SAME

9 過去現在未来

10 Example of Demand For New Cable Systems: ** Getting Past the capacity glut: A miscalculation of Trans.Pacific Cable Capacity & Traffic Forecast: In 2004, A Forecast by a Chief Executive of Hong Kong Telecom: I can never forget these figures, It went like this..: ** Bill, The Population of the Globe..: = 6.7 人 bil. ** 50% of the Globe resides in Asia: = 3.4 人 bil. ** 20% of 3.4 bil in Asia require Internet: = 680 人 mil ** 10% will need at least 1.0 meg B/W: = 65 terabits NOTE: There was limited fill rate on most of the existing cables rated only At Giga/bits per cable. But, That s Changed What caused the Sub. Cable Glut and when will the Fill Rate pick up again..? 今ですか? Presentation to SAME: Mar. 2012

.: ** Bill, The Population of the Globe..: = 6.7 人 bil. ** 50% of the Globe resides in Asia: = 3.4 人 bil. ** 20% of 3.

11 Key Demand Drivers for New Cables Throughout Asia Pacific: Continued Economic & Bandwidth Expansion into 2013 年 : Add l Carrier Alliances & Emerging Super ISP s / ASP s.. Increase Hi-Speed Data & Broadband - Hi Take-Up Rates. Private Cables & Consortium Cables Expansion Expanding FTTX Deployments Increase Video Demand: (U.S. - Japan / Asia) In: 2007 Of all B/W, Video equaled = 61% by: 2013 Forecast 92% of all B/W will be Video Who are the users..? Presentation to SAME: Mar. 2012

Private Cables & Consortium Cables Expansion Expanding FTTX Deployments Increase Video Demand: (U.S.

15 Submarine Cable System Preliminary Design Overview and New & Planned Cables Presentation to SAME

16 Submarine Cable System Preliminary Design Overview ** Engineering / Design and Installation Process:: The design model assumption is based on the projected traffic / capacity demand And then decision is made to build a submarine cable system and that it is properly funded and Landing Sites Decided & Agreed to: ** Desk Top Study: Route design from Oceanographic Map data: (Determine ocean depths / Routing / landing sites) (Engineering Process (Hardware, Cable Design, Cable Station Design etc. Decide on initial Bandwidth and Growth over the Life of the cable: i.e. Typically Years. Determine Terminal MUX / OTE / BU s Repeaters, etc ** Increments of Bandwidth: (MIU s) T1 = meg (N. Am. Std) E1 = meg (SEPT or CCITT Std) DS-3 = 45 meg STM-1 = 155 meg. (Next, Leasing Lightwaves) ** Ocean Survey Process: * Route Survey: Requires special Ocean Going Route Survey Ships: * Equipped with deep water Sonar, depth detection & Mapping * Equipment to at least 7 8 miles ocean depths. ** Loading of Cable on Cable Ship ** Then, Start Cable Laying.

Routing / landing sites) (Engineering Process (Hardware, Cable Design, Cable Station Design etc. Decide on initial Bandwidth and Growth over the Life of the cable: i.e. Typically 22-26 Years.

17 Typical Configurations: With WDM Solution/s: Submarine Cable CTB (4-6 fiber pairs) Approx. 150km CTB DDF 16 x STM-1e 10G-20G SDH W D M 20G 20G W D M 10G-20G SDH DDF 16 x STM-1e /Lw /Lw Cable Station Dark fibers: 1-3fp WDM Capability Cable Station WDM / Lw Solution/s: Highest Capacity Solutions with lower price objectives (8 years previous) up 16 Lw / 5G per Lw / fiber pair 2years ago: up to 32 Lw / 10G per Lw / fiber pair = 320 G x Fp Entering: 64 Lw / 20G per Lw / fiber pair. = terabit x Fp

WDM Capability Cable Station WDM / Lw Solution/s: Highest Capacity Solutions with lower price objectives (8 years previous) up 16

18 Submarine Cable Laying Operation: Guard boat Cable Ship Buoy Microduct Pipe Buoy rope Cable Protection pipes This picture shows that a final splice is made in mid-point.

19 Land Cable Laying Operation: Typical land cable installation Cable Drum Jointing Joint Box in MH Testing Terminal Equipment Cable Drum Cable Counter Pull-Winch Cable Counter Pull-Winch Conduit / Microduct Manhole Cable Station

Terminal Equipment Cable Drum Cable Counter Pull-Winch

20 C.S.Subaru:(Cable Ship Maintenance/Installation) Present ROV Replacing soon C.S. Subaru: in Nagasaki Port - NTT-WEM

21 New & Planned Pacific Region Cable Systems 新しく考案された環太平洋ケーブルシステム AAG Cable (Asia Americas Gateway Cable) TPE (Trans-Pac. Express) / 2/2008 年 Tahiti - Hawaii (Announced at PTC / Jan.2009 年 ) APIC Submarine Cable System: (New) Guam - Kwajalein Isle Cable:2010 年 (New DoD) * Unity / Google Cable: RFS:/2011 年 (New) **Big Change New Telstra: Australia - Hawaii cable PIPE Submarine Cable (Aust - Guam) Southern Cross Cable: 40G G **Up-Grade New: ASE New Asia Cable, 7,200km: RFS: 3Q/2012 * Building More Than Just Another submarine Cable

22 AAG Cable SEA-US Network Configuration: 日本 United States アメリカ Vietnam Hong Kong Philippines Guam グアム Hawaii ハワイ Thailand Brunei Malaysia Singapore

23 Example: APIC Submarine Cable System Initial Point-To-Point System Design APIC North Pacific Interchange Okinawa 沖縄 ======Kansai / Kanto, 日本きょく APIC West Pacific Interchange Piti APIC Network Backbone APIC Central Pacific Interchange APIC Network Backbone Nedona Beach APIC North American Interchange Kwajalein Pohnpei Majuro Guam グアム Hawaii ハワイアメリカ U.S. Mainland

24 Example: APIC Submarine Cable System Preliminary Fiber Pair Allocations Fiber Pair Preliminary Allocation Reserved for Super ASP Investor (Video) Reserved for Carrier Groups (Asia) Reserved for Carrier Groups (Australia) Reserved for Lightwave Allocations / Video Reserved for Sub Lightwave Sales Reserved for DoD Capacity Leases Reserved for Virtual Ring/Upgrade Reserved for Virtual Ring/Upgrade

26 Bio of Wm. Crawley: Wm. Crawley has been in the Telecom & Engineering field since Bill after graduating from Tri- State College in Angola, Indiana was offered a Microwave Engineering assignment in Honolulu, Hawaii with ITT Corporation. He was Responsible for designing and implementing Microwave Radio systems in Japan, Taiwan and the Philippines. After 8 years with ITT Bill joined Wescom Inc as the regional Director for Asia. Bill had numerous assignments in Hawaii, Guam, and Asia. He designed some very note-worthy "LOS" Long Path systems back in the 70's Then, Bill moved on to Hawaiian Tel like many good engineers in the early days. In 1980 was recruited by the Rolm Corp. to move to Tokyo and Open a Asia regional office. Later Rolm merged as Rolm-IBM Corp., introducing new Switch Technology into the Japanese and Asia Markets. He did that for 5 years in Tokyo and was featured in numerous Japan news articles and Business Week in Japan. (COPY s Available). Bill returned to Honolulu in 1986, Back to GTE Hawaiian Tel and then, In 1991 Received a call From NYNEX Corp Int l to move back to Japan to form a JV with Nissan and NYNEX Corp., to build the Tuka Cellular network in Japan and to Direct the North Asia operations to launch the FLAG Submarine Cable System. While at NYNEX / FLAG, Bill negotiated the submarine cable landings at Miura & Ninomiya, Japan, Korea, PuDong Nan Wei China, Hong Kong, Thailand and Malaysia. Bill has extensive experience in Fiber Optic Transmission, Cable Landing Stations and negotiations with Carriers, Suppliers, ISP s and non-carrier users of submarine cable systems. Bill returned to Honolulu in 2002 after 11 years in Japan and after completing the FLAG Submarine Cable system launched in 1997 connecting Japan to Europe. The FLAG Telecom Cable System F-L-A-G (Fiber Link Around the Globe) became the longest submarine cable in the world. Bill tried to retire after returning to Honolulu again in 2002 and NTT Marine offered Bill a Advisory position responsible for the Pacific Isle Region. Bill is also a Board Advisor to Fiberduct Solutions Ltd., Aloha, Wm. (Bill) クローリー

27 Questions, Comments & Discussion

Document and entity information

Company information Company information FASF member mark Document name Document and entity information Aug 2015 第 3 四半期決算短信日本基準 ( 連結 ) Filing date 20150710 Company name TRANSACTION CO., Ltd.

光 海 底 ケーブル 過 去 現 在 未

光海底ケーブル過去現在未