Development of Collision Avoidance Systems at Delphi Automotive Systems
|
|
- Suzanna Robbins
- 7 years ago
- Views:
Transcription
1 Development of Collision Avoidance s at Delphi Automotive s Glenn R. Widmann, William A. Bauson, and Steven W. Alland Delphi Automotive s Delphi Delco Electronics s 5725 Delphi Drive Troy, MI USA Delphi Automotive s Delphi Delco Electronics s P.O. Box 9005 Kokomo, IN USA HE Microwave P.O. Box Tucson, AZ USA Abstract Since the late 1980s, Delphi Automotive s has been very involved with the practical development of a variety of Collision Avoidance products for the near- and long-term automotive market. Many of these products will incorporate the use of millimeter-wave radar sensors as the primary detection sensor for use in the detection and identification of primary objects that pose a conflicting threat to the host vehicle. The design of these products have been approached from a system perspective, with a particular emphasis placed on performance, package size, and cost. The critical issues and other technical challenges in developing these systems will be explored 1. INTRODUCTION Tremendous progress has been made since the 1960 s with regards to vehicle safety. Early safety approaches emphasized precaution (e.g., surviving a crash) and focused on such passive devices as seat belts, air bags, crash zones, and lighting. These improvements have dramatically reduced the rate of crashrelated injury severity and fatalities. For example, the fatality rate per hundred million vehicle miles traveled has fallen from 5.5 to 1.7 in the period from the mid-1960s to However, in spite of these impressive improvements, each year in the United States, motor vehicle crashes still account for a staggering 40,000 deaths, more than 3 million injuries, and over $150 billion in economic losses [1]. Greater demand for improvements in vehicular transportation safety, fueled by government and consumers alike, are compelling the automotive manufacturing community to constantly seek to develop innovative technologies and products which can assist in achieving further crash statistics reductions. The emphasis of these future systems will migrate from a passive safety system (e.g., crash precaution) to active safety system (e.g., crash prevention). Consequently, the introduction of collision warning/avoidance systems have the potential to represent the next significant leap in vehicle safety technology by attempting to actively warn drivers of a potential impending collision event, thereby, allowing the driver adequate time to take appropriate corrective actions in order to mitigate, or completely avoid, the event. Crash statistics and numerical analysis strongly suggest that collision warning systems will be effective. Crash-related data collected by the U.S. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration (NHTSA) shows approximately 88% of rear-end collisions are caused by driver inattention and following too closely. These types of crash events could derive a positive beneficial influence from such systems. In fact, NHTSA countermeasure effectiveness modeling has determined that these types of head-way detection systems can theoretically prevent 37% to 74% of all police reported rear-end crashes [2] [3]. For such systems to gain widespread acceptance by the general automotive consumer, it must be reasonably priced, provide highly reliable performance, and provide functionality. In order to achieve these goals, Delphi Automotive s has heavily relied on system engineering principles as a framework to guide this highly focused product design effort. This paper will discuss some of the critical issues which will be encountered in the steps towards achieving the ultimate goal of a collision avoidance system IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Vehicles 353
2 2. SYSTEM EVOLUTION & ARCHITECTURE The technology roadmap towards a complete collision avoidance product is shown in Figure 1. The strategy towards collision avoidance system begins with an Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system. Each succeeding product will provide increase functionality over the preceding product. The various combinations of subsystems will eventually yield a complete family of collision avoidance products, such as: ACC, Lane Change, Lane Departure, Roadway Departure, Lane Keeping, Parking Aid, Reversing Aid, etc. These systems will be introduced based on variety of factors (e.g., technology maturity, performance, packaging, costs, etc.). Product Collision Avoidance Collision Intervention Collision Warning Forward Collision Warning Enhanced Adaptive Cruise Control Functionality Complete 360 o vehicle coverage. Braking & steering to avoid object. Limited all vehicle coverage. Complete throttle & brake & limited steering. Partial all vehicle coverage, with alert function. Lane/road departure alerts. Future Enhanced ACC capabilities, with full alert functionality. Vision required. Identify stopped objects & provide limited warning. Provide Low Speed Cruise & Stop & Go capabilities. Adaptive Cruise Control Cruise Control Today Throttle control with limited braking. No stopped object identification. No warning. Driver controlled system. No dynamics. Figure 1: Collision Avoidance Evolution. The development processes for each of these products are not unique, but fits within a common framework which builds upon the achievements of the preceding subsystem. Figure 2 illustrate the hierarchical structure that guides all the integration and development processes towards Collision Avoidance. Information from the primary active sensing sub-systems (e.g., forward radar and vision sensors, GPS/Map system, side/rear sensing sensors) and vehicle state sensors (e.g., speed, yaw, accelerometers, etc.) are processed by the Processing Module in order to reconstruct the traffic environment about the host vehicle. Within this module, sensor fusion techniques are used employed to assess, evaluate, and combine the parametric information yielded from all the active sensing subsystems, in conjunction with the host vehicle states, into reliable parametric features which are used to improve the performance of object detection, tracking, in-path target identification & selection. Sophisticated modelbased scene tracking techniques are also employed to improve the in-path target identification process [2]. Once the in-path target has been identified, situational awareness algorithms evaluate if this target presents a potential threat to the Host vehicle. If a potential threat does occur, appropriate smooth corrective vehicle control actions (e.g., brakes, throttle, steering, etc.) and Driver-Vehicle Interfaces (e.g., visual, auditory, and tactile warnings) are implemented in order to minimize the risk. Selective instrument panel sub-systems (e.g., windshield wiper control, HVAC, radio adjustments, etc.) are continually monitored and are used to further enhance the threat assessment processes IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Vehicles 354
3 Side/Rear Sensors Target Detection Target Kinematic Attributes Fwd Radar Sensor Target Detection Target Kinematic Attributes Fwd Vision Lane Detection Roadway Curvature Host Vehicle Lateral Position in Lane GPS/Map Roadway Type Roadway Curvature Off/On Ramps Bridges In-Vehicle Sensors Differential Speed Speed Steering Angle Yaw Rate Sensor Fusion - Sensor/Data Fusion Algorithms Target Vehicle Tracking Scene Model Path Determination Host Vehicle Tracking Vehicle Model Path Determination In-Path Target Identification In-Path Target Discrimination, Identification & Selection Processing Module Situational Assessment Threat Assessment Situation Model Control Action Driver Model In-Vehicle Driver Monitoring DVI Warning Cues Audio Visual Haptic/Tactile - HUD Active Vehicle Control Brakes Throttle Transmission - Steering Figure 2: Conceptual Architecture of Collision Avoidance. The discussion of the architecture for Figure 2 will be seamlessly integrated into the vehicle infrastructure to provide a cohesive collision avoidance product. Figure 3 provides an example of the vehicle/system integration. The central processor for the system will be the Collision Avoidance Processor (CAP) which provides the functionality of the Processing Module. It is envisioned that such a collision avoidance system will provide 360 ο coverage about the host vehicle. Communication Interface Bus Collision Avoidance Processor BRAKE! BRAKE! BRAKE! Visual H UD IP Audio Chimes/Voice Tactile Rear/Side Mirrors Radio Control S eat Vibration Brake Pulse Steering Shake r Resistive Steering Driver Monitor Driver/ Vehicle Interface Vision CAP Vehicle State Interface Vehicle Control Forward Radar Sensor Rear Detection Sensor Vehicle Sensors GPS/Map Inertial Speed Steering Side Detection Sensor Active Vehicle Control Brakes Steering Throttle Transmission Figure 3: Vehicle Mechanization of Collision Avoidance. 3. ACC SYSTEM The first product introductions towards Collision Avoidance functionality will be Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC). ACC systems will be a customer convenience product which will enhance the functionality of a standard cruise control function. It will automatically adjust the host vehicle speed in order to maintain a driver-specified adjustable timed-hadway (e.g., 1 sec, 2 sec, etc.) distance behind a lead vehicle. A forward-looking detection sensor (e.g., rdar or lidar) will be used to detect and assess the IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Vehicles 355
4 kinematic target attributes (e.g., range, range rate, angle, etc.) in front of the host vehicle. Once the in-path target is identified, automatic braking and throttle controls are applied to appropriately adjust the host vehicle s speed in order to maintain the predetermined timed headway to the lead vehicle. The minimum sensor requirements for the ACC system are based on the ability to provide smooth adequate vehicle control that can be accommodated without the need for driver intervention. The minimum subset requirements are a function of: (a) Maximum timed headway (d) Minimum closest approach (b) Maximum allowable longitudinal (e) Maximum allowable lateral deceleration acceleration (c) Maximum difference in velocity (f) Maximum operating velocity A reasonable ACC design guidelines which assist in defining the maximum sensor range is based on a driver selectable timed headway of between 1-to-2 seconds. Figure 4 illustrates the resulting following distance as a function of host vehicle speed and timed-headway. Thus, if the maximum allowable ACC set speed is 100 mph (e.g., 160 kph), with a timed-headway of 2 seconds, then the required following distance is approximately 90 meters. However, in order to maintain continuous steady-state ACC control, the sensor range will need to exceed the following range by an appropriate amount (e.g., 10%). Thus, for this analysis, the maximum sensor detection range needs to be approximately 100 m. In addition to the ACC system being able to maintain a steady state timed headway control, the ACC system is also required to be able to reasonably react as the host vehicle approaches a lead vehicle traveling at a much slower speed. That is, without driver intervention, the ACC system should have the capability to slow the host vehicle to a reasonable distance that is no closer than a given minimum distance (e.g., this might violate the desired timed-headway) to the lead vehicle and then be able to successfully reestablish the appropriate timed-headway. Figure 5 provides the required sensor range as a function of the point of closest approach to the lead vehicle as a function of the difference in vehicle velocities, given a maximum ACC-brake deceleration of 0.2g. As shown, a maximum sensor range of 80-to-100 m is again required for a velocity difference of 30-to-40 mph, while assuming a closest point of approach of 20-to-30 m. The minimum azimuth sensor field-of-view (FOV) required is based on providing ACC operation through curves. The FOV requirement is driven by the minimum roadway curvature (e.g., radius-ofcurvature) and maximum range. Highway design standards establish the minimum radius-of-curvature as a function of vehicle speed is shown in Figure 6 [5]. These standards are conservatively based on maximum lateral acceleration of 0.13g. Figure 7 provides the minimum sensor FOV as a function of range and radius-of-curvature. Figures 4-7 are used to determine the sensor FOV. For example, at a speed of 55 mph the ACC following distance is 50 m (from Fig 4) and the minimum radius-of-curvature is 300 m (see Fig 6) which leads to a minimum sensor FOV of ±5 ο (see Fig 7). The situation of approaching a lead vehicle with a large difference in velocity leads to a similar requirement. Given a host vehicle speed of 70 mph, lead vehicle speed of 35 mph (e.g., 35 mph differential speed), and closest point of approach of 30 m, the required sensor range is 90 m (from Fig 5) and the minimum radius of curvature is 500 m (see Fig 6) which also leads to a minimum sensor FOV of ±5 ο. Additional FOV (e.g., overscan) is needed to accommodate mechanical or electrical misalignment of the antenna relative to the sensor enclosure (e.g., ±0.5 ο ) and mechanical misalignment of the sensor enclosure caused by installation tolerances during automotive assembly (e.g., ±2 ο ). Otherwise, precise alignment either by mechanical or RF means is required during installation which would be time consuming and costly. Accounting for these tolerances (±2 ο total) leads to a desirable sensor FOV of ±7.5 ο IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Vehicles 356
5 Following Range (m) Timed Headway = 2 sec Timed Headway = 1 sec Speed (mph) Sensor Range (m) 140 Deceleration = 0.2 g V=40 mph V=35 mph 20 V=20 mph V=30 mph Closest Approach (m) Figure 4: Steady-state ACC Following Range. Figure 5: Required Sensor Range for Slow Moving Lead Vehicle. Minimum Radius of Curvature (m) 1000 e=roadway bank angle 800 e = e = e = Speed (mph) Figure 6: Minimum Speed on a Curve. Azimuth FOV (deg) Radius of Curvature = 300 m 500 m Range (m) Figure 7: Azimuth FOV Requirement. 4. DATA ACQUISITION SYSTEMS (DAS) It was recognized very early in the development these systems that the need to develop an extensive, user-friendly DAS systems would be required. These DAS tools are use to effectively: (a) observe realtime system behavior for on-road evaluation, (b) provide system analysis, (c) quantify system performance, & (d) quantitatively measure system improvements resulting from algorithm refinements. Also, it was required that the DAS architecture be robust, flexible and extensible in order to provide future growth. Laptop computers are interfaced to the various system components (e.g., detection sensor, CAP, etc), and are used to dynamically collect a voluminous variety of system events (in 100 milli-seconds intervals), such as: (a) host vehicle (e.g., speed, steering angle, yaw rate, etc.), (b) detected target (e.g., range, relative speed, angle, angular extent, etc.), (c) in-path target, (d) vehicle control action & warning cues, etc. Also, a video system (e.g., camera & video recorder) is used to provide time-stamped video. This video is used only for DAS purposes and not to perform lane tracking functionality. The DAS provides the ability to preview real-time system performance while performing on-road testing activities in system vehicles. It also has the capability to replay the collected data in a laboratory setting for more detailed post processing engineering evaluation investigations. The collected data set can be used to reconstruct the state of the system and the environment about the vehicle. The data set may be IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Vehicles 357
6 replayed into the system algorithms in order to quantify performance improvements as a result of algorithm refinements. This ability to replay measured data has provided a real benefit towards understanding system performance issues and providing an ideal engineering environment for the rapid prototyping and evaluation of system algorithms. The video-based DAS is an useful tool to review lengthy time segments of on-road data and isolating those small time segments which reveal marginal/questionable system performance behavior. Once identified, then the voluminous files of more detailed data can be more carefully examined to investigated the precise cause of the observed anomaly. The addition of the video system provided a novel real-time approach to simultaneously display the synthetically generated rectangular targets, as detected by the detection sensor, with the actual visually detected targets, as seen by the video system. This video-based diagnostic configuration is presented with a splitscreen format, as illustrated by Figure 8. In the upper portion, box-like imagery displays the detected targets, while the lower portion is used to display the realtime video imagery of the roadway environment ahead of the Host vehicle. The box-like imagery is synthetically generated by the DAS, based on the target data states as seen by the detection Figure 8: Video-based Data Acquisition. sensor. These boxes are colored-coded and variable-sized and represent the detected targets from the perspective of the host vehicle. The size of the target box is based on the target distance and if the target is classified as to be in the host vehicle motion path (as determined by the path algorithms). For example, wide & narrow boxes represent in-path and not-in-path targets, respectively. The box color provides indication of the relative speed of the targets. Also, overlaid is the perceived host vehicle lane boundaries which are generated by the DAS from the Host vehicle yaw rate sensor. As shown in Figure 8, within the camera FOV, 3 vehicles (e.g., passenger vehicle, motorcycle & partially obscured passenger vehicle) are visually seen on a straight roadway. The detection sensor detects 2 targets (e.g., confirmed by 2 boxes synthetically generated on the upper portion). The visually seen partially obscured passenger vehicle is outside the radar detection sensor FOV, and consequently, can not be seen by the sensor. The path algorithms correctly classified the motorcycle as being in-lane (e.g., wide box),. and the passenger vehicle as being out-of-lane (e.g., narrow box). 5. REFERENCES [1] J.L. Blincoe; The Economic Cost of Motor Vehicle Crashes 1994, U.S. Department of Transportation (Report DOT HS ), [2] R. Knipling, et al.; Rear End Crashes: Problem Size Assessment and Statistical Description, United States Department of Transportation (NHTSA Technical Report HS ), Springfiled, VA, 1993 [3] R. Knipling, et al.; Assessment of IVHS Countermeasures for Collision Avoidance: Rear End Crashes, U.S. Department of Transportation (NHTSA Technical Report HS807995), Springfiled, VA, [4] J. Shiffmann & G.R. Widmann; Model-Based Scene Tracking using Radar Sensors for Intelligent Automotive Vehicle s, Proceedings IEEE Intelligent Transportation s Conf., Boston, MA, [5] American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials (AASHTO); A Policy on Geometric Design of Highways and Streets, AASHTO, Washington DC, page 174, IEEE International Conference on Intelligent Vehicles 358
Testimony of Ann Wilson House Energy & Commerce Committee Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing and Trade, October 21, 2015
House Energy & Commerce Committee Subcommittee on Commerce, Manufacturing and Trade, October 21, 2015 Introduction Chairman Burgess, Ranking Member Schakowsky, members of the subcommittee: Thank you for
More informationDETROIT SUPPORT. ANYWHERE. Detroit Assurance delivers exceptional control and protection. THE DETROIT ASSURANCE SUITE OF SAFETY SYSTEMS
DEMANDDETROIT.COM Detroit Assurance delivers exceptional control and protection. DETROIT SUPPORT. ANYWHERE. Through a radar and optional camera system, Detroit Assurance provides optimum on-road Unmatched
More informationDETROIT ASSURANCE TM A SUITE OF SAFETY SYSTEMS
RADAR SYSTEM CAMERA SYSTEM DETROIT ASSURANCE TM A SUITE OF SAFETY SYSTEMS TM Detroit Assurance Safety Systems deliver exceptional control and protection. Through a radar and optional camera system, Detroit
More informationAdaptive Cruise Control
IJIRST International Journal for Innovative Research in Science & Technology Volume 3 Issue 01 June 2016 ISSN (online): 2349-6010 Adaptive Cruise Control Prof. D. S. Vidhya Assistant Professor Miss Cecilia
More informationAAA AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING
AAA AUTOMOTIVE ENGINEERING Evaluation of Blind Spot Monitoring and Blind Spot Intervention Technologies 2014 AAA conducted research on blind-spot monitoring systems in the third quarter of 2014. The research
More informationSEMINAR REPORT 2004 HANDFREE DRIVING FOR AUTOMOBILES
1 SEMINAR REPORT 2004 HANDFREE DRIVING FOR AUTOMOBILES SUBMITED BY ANIL KUMAR.K.P 01 606 Department of Electronics and Communication GOVT. ENGINEERING COLLEGE THRISSUR 2 ABSTRACT This seminar paper is
More informationTips and Technology For Bosch Partners
Tips and Technology For Bosch Partners Current information for the successful workshop No. 04/2015 Electrics / Elektronics Driver Assistance Systems In this issue, we are continuing our series on automated
More informationAdaptive Cruise Control System Overview
5th Meeting of the U.S. Software System Safety Working Group April 12th-14th 2005 @ Anaheim, California USA 1 Introduction Adaptive Cruise System Overview Adaptive Cruise () is an automotive feature that
More informationThe Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems Initiative
The Integrated Vehicle-Based Safety Systems Initiative Jack J. Ference National Highway Traffic Safety Administration, Washington, DC 20590, U.S.A., (202) 366-0168, jack.ference@dot.gov ABSTRACT This paper
More informationTrends in Transit Bus Accidents and Promising Collision Countermeasures
Trends in Transit Bus Accidents and Promising Collision Countermeasures Trends in Transit Bus Accidents and Promising Collision Countermeasures C. Y. David Yang, Noblis Abstract This article presents information
More informationSmart features like these are why Ford F-Series has been America s best-selling truck for 37 years and America s best-selling vehicle for 32 years
Sep 24, 2014 Dearborn, Mich. 10 Awesome Driver-Assist Features That Help 2015 Ford F-150 Customers Drive Smarter The all-new Ford F-150, the smartest F-150 yet, is available with the following class-exclusive
More informationJEREMY SALINGER Innovation Program Manager Electrical & Control Systems Research Lab GM Global Research & Development
JEREMY SALINGER Innovation Program Manager Electrical & Control Systems Research Lab GM Global Research & Development ROADMAP TO AUTOMATED DRIVING Autonomous Driving (Chauffeured Driving) Increasing Capability
More informationACCIDENTS AND NEAR-MISSES ANALYSIS BY USING VIDEO DRIVE-RECORDERS IN A FLEET TEST
ACCIDENTS AND NEAR-MISSES ANALYSIS BY USING VIDEO DRIVE-RECORDERS IN A FLEET TEST Yuji Arai Tetsuya Nishimoto apan Automobile Research Institute apan Yukihiro Ezaka Ministry of Land, Infrastructure and
More informationAdvanced Vehicle Safety Control System
Hitachi Review Vol. 63 (2014), No. 2 116 Advanced Vehicle Safety Control System Hiroshi Kuroda, Dr. Eng. Atsushi Yokoyama Taisetsu Tanimichi Yuji Otsuka OVERVIEW: Hitachi has been working on the development
More informationAutomotive Black Box Data Recovery Systems
Introduction Automotive Black Box Data Recovery Systems By Don Gilman For years, airplane crash investigators have had the benefit of retrieving data from the flight-data recorder, or "black box." This
More informationAdaptive Cruise Control of a Passenger Car Using Hybrid of Sliding Mode Control and Fuzzy Logic Control
Adaptive Cruise Control of a assenger Car Using Hybrid of Sliding Mode Control and Fuzzy Logic Control Somphong Thanok, Manukid arnichkun School of Engineering and Technology, Asian Institute of Technology,
More informationAppendix A In-Car Lessons
Driver Education Classroom and In-Car Curriculum Appendix A In-Car Lessons Table of Contents In-Car Lessons Introduction..... A-4 Overview and Objectives Teacher Information and Resources Lesson #1 Developing
More informationProfessional Truck Driver Training Course Syllabus
Professional Truck Driver Training Course Syllabus The curriculum standards of this course incorporate the curricular recommendations of the U. S. Department of Transportation s Federal Highway Administration
More informationOperating Vehicle Control Devices
Module 2 Topic 3 Operating Vehicle Control Devices 1. Identify the vehicle controls in the pictures below: 1. 2. 3. 4. 7. 7. 5. 6. 1. accelerator 2. parking brake 3. foot brake 4. gear shift lever_ 5.
More informationHow new Safety Systems and always Connected Vehicles leads to challenges on Antenna Design and Integration in the Automotive Domain
How new Safety Systems and always Connected Vehicles leads to challenges on Antenna Design and Integration in the Automotive Domain Henrik Lind Technical Expert Remote Sensing Volvo Car Corporation Henrik.Lind@volvocars.com
More informationAdaptive cruise control (ACC)
Adaptive cruise control (ACC) PRINCIPLE OF OPERATION The Adaptive Cruise Control (ACC) system is designed to assist the driver in maintaining a gap from the vehicle ahead, or maintaining a set road speed,
More informationSmartTrac Stability Control Systems
Innovation That Delivers SmartTrac Stability Control Systems safety SmartTrac brings stability to your vehicles and your bottom line. Meritor WABCO is a recognized pioneer in delivering advanced stability
More informationINDUSTRY REPORT ON AIRBAG INDUSTRY
INDUSTRY REPORT ON AIRBAG INDUSTRY AIRBAG MARKET GROWTH DRIVERS: Key drivers for airbags industry are: Federal regulation-first and foremost Public awareness General increase in concerns for safety Development
More informationHybrid System for Driver Assistance
International Journal of Information & Computation Technology. ISSN 0974-2239 Volume 4, Number 15 (2014), pp. 1583-1587 International Research Publications House http://www. irphouse.com Hybrid System
More informationEffectiveness Estimation Method for Advanced Driver Assistance System and its Application to Collision Mitigation Brake System
Effectiveness Estimation Method for Advanced river Assistance System and its Application to Collision Mitigation Brake System Yoichi Sugimoto Honda R& Co., Ltd. Japan Craig Sauer ynamic Research, Inc.
More informationImproving Driving Safety Through Automation
Improving Driving Safety Through Automation Congressional Robotics Caucus John Maddox National Highway Traffic Safety Administration July 25, 2012 NHTSA s Missions Safety Save lives, prevent injuries and
More informationSIGHT DISTANCE. Presented by Nazir Lalani P.E. Traffex Engineers Inc. N_lalani@hotmail.com WHY IS SIGHT DISTANCE SO IMPORTANT?
SIGHT DISTANCE Presented by Nazir Lalani P.E. Traffex Engineers Inc. N_lalani@hotmail.com WHY IS SIGHT DISTANCE SO IMPORTANT? Drivers must be able to: Stop for objects in the roadway Stop for stationary
More informationIntroduction CHAPTER 1
CHAPTER 1 Introduction Ever since the development of the first integrated circuits in the late 1950s the complexity of such devices doubled every 20 months. A development which has been anticipated by
More informationA STUDY ON WARNING TIMING FOR LANE CHANGE DECISION AID SYSTEMS BASED ON DRIVER S LANE CHANGE MANEUVER
A STUDY ON WARNING TIMING FOR LANE CHANGE DECISION AID SYSTEMS BASED ON DRIVER S LANE CHANGE MANEUVER Takashi Wakasugi Japan Automobile Research Institute Japan Paper Number 5-29 ABSTRACT The purpose of
More informationHow To Know If You Are Distracted By Cell Phones
TRAFFIC SAFETY FACTS Research Note DOT HS 811 737 Summary of Statistical Findings April 2013 Distracted Driving 2011 Distracted driving is a behavior dangerous to, passengers, and nonoccupants alike. Distraction
More informationBendix Wingman Fusion
Protect Your Fleet with Our Most Advanced Safety System Ever Bendix Wingman Fusion The integration of camera, radar, and brakes delivers a new level of performance in North America. OUR NEW FLAGSHIP DRIVER
More information3D Vision An enabling Technology for Advanced Driver Assistance and Autonomous Offroad Driving
3D Vision An enabling Technology for Advanced Driver Assistance and Autonomous Offroad Driving AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Safety & Security Department Manfred Gruber Safe and Autonomous Systems
More informationAutomotive Collision Injury Form
Automotive Collision Injury Form Billing Information Patient name: Date of Injury: Time of injury: AM PM City and street where crash occurred: What is the estimated damage to your vehicle? $ Do you have
More informationCat Detect. for Surface Mining Applications
Cat Detect for Surface Mining Applications Enhance Your Site s Safety through Increased Operator Awareness Configurable to suit your operation s needs, Cat MineStar System is the industry s broadest suite
More informationSafety Data Collection, Analysis, and Sharing
Safety Data Collection, Analysis, and Sharing About the HSIP Noteworthy Practice Series The Highway Safety Improvement Program (HSIP) is a core Federal-aid highway program with the primary purpose of achieving
More informationRail Automation. What is ACSES? usa.siemens.com/rail-automation
Rail Automation What is ACSES? usa.siemens.com/rail-automation What is ACSES? Siemens, a specialist in the area of US Cab Signal design, offers a carborne product that provides both Civil Speed Enforcement
More informationTechnical Trends of Driver Assistance/ Automated Driving
Technical Trends of Driver Assistance/ Automated Driving Presented by Tjark Kreuzinger Senior Manager, Safety research and Technical Affairs Toyota Motor Europe NV/SV TOYOTA MOTOR CORPORATION Topics 1.
More informationMETHODS FOR ESTABLISHING SAFE SPEEDS ON CURVES
Page 1 of 4 PRACTICES PART SECTION SUB-SECTION TRAFFIC OPERATIONS General Collision exposure is usually greater along horizontal curves than along tangent sections of a highway. The potential for collisions
More informationFUTURE E/E-ARCHITECTURES IN THE SAFETY DOMAIN
FUTURE E/E-ARCHITECTURES IN THE SAFETY DOMAIN Dr. Michael Bunse, Dr. Matthias Wellhöfer, Dr. Alfons Doerr Robert Bosch GmbH, Chassis Systems Control, Business Unit Occupant Safety Germany Paper Number
More informationBendix Wingman ACB Active Cruise with Braking Questions & Answers
Bendix Wingman ACB Active Cruise with Braking Questions & Answers Please note: This document is designed to assist you in understanding select aspects of the Bendix Wingman ACB Active Cruise with Braking
More informationHOW TO PREPARE FOR YOUR MARYLAND NONCOMMERCIAL CLASS C DRIVER S TEST
` HOW TO PREPARE FOR YOUR MARYLAND NONCOMMERCIAL CLASS C DRIVER S TEST A portion of your noncommercial driving test will be conducted on a closed course to test your basic control of the vehicle, and a
More informationCHAPTER 2 TRAFFIC SIGNS AND HIGHWAY MARKINGS
CHAPTER 2 TRAFFIC SIGNS AND HIGHWAY MARKINGS This chapter summarizes traffic signs, signals and road markings that control the flow of traffic, making streets and highways safer for motorists, bicyclists
More informationare the leading cause of teen fatalities, accounting for
An exclusive offer for a teen driving presentation which is dynamic, interactive, and a must for teens or college students commuting to and from universities. Driving Safety Solutions Inc. P R ES E N TS
More informationINTRUSION PREVENTION AND EXPERT SYSTEMS
INTRUSION PREVENTION AND EXPERT SYSTEMS By Avi Chesla avic@v-secure.com Introduction Over the past few years, the market has developed new expectations from the security industry, especially from the intrusion
More informationROAD SIGNS IN JAPAN PARKING SIGNS. No Parking or Stopping Anytime SIZE & WEIGHT LIMIT SIGNS SPEED LIMIT SIGNS
ROAD SIGNS IN JAPAN Stop Slow & all Do Not Enter & Motorcycles Road Large Sized Trucks & Special Duty Road All Except Two Wheeled Light Except Bicycles Large Passenger No Right Turn No Passing No U-Turn
More informationEB Automotive Driver Assistance EB Assist Solutions. Damian Barnett Director Automotive Software June 5, 2015
EB Automotive Driver Assistance EB Assist Solutions Damian Barnett Director Automotive Software June 5, 2015 Advanced driver assistance systems Market growth The Growth of ADAS is predicted to be about
More informationTEST ON Driving Safely Among Bicyclists and Pedestrians
TEST ON Driving Safely Among Bicyclists and Pedestrians Next you will take a 16 question test about driving safely among bicyclists and pedestrians. Please take out a sheet of paper to mark down and score
More informationSAMPLE VEHICLE FLEET SAFETY & USAGE POLICY
SAMPLE VEHICLE FLEET SAFETY & USAGE POLICY Policy The purpose of this policy is to ensure the safety of those individuals who drive company vehicles and to provide guidance on the proper use of company
More informationFlorida Class E Knowledge Exam Road Rules Practice Questions www.gdlinstitute.org
If you purchase the Value Package from GDL Institute, over 100 additional practice questions are included at no additional cost. Use discount code PQ10 and receive 10% off of the package price! 1. If you
More informationACCELERATION OF HEAVY TRUCKS Woodrow M. Poplin, P.E.
ACCELERATION OF HEAVY TRUCKS Woodrow M. Poplin, P.E. Woodrow M. Poplin, P.E. is a consulting engineer specializing in the evaluation of vehicle and transportation accidents. Over the past 23 years he has
More informationDevelopment of an Automotive Active Safety System Using a 24 GHz-band High Resolution Multi-Mode Radar
Special Issue Automobile Electronics Development of an Automotive Active Safety System Using a 24 GHz-band High Resolution Multi-Mode Yasushi Aoyagi* 1, Keisuke Morii* 1, Yoshiyuki Ishida* 1, Takashi Kawate*
More informationDoes the Federal government require them? No, the Federal government does not require manufacturers to install EDRs.
EDR Q&As THE BASICS What is an EDR? What is its purpose? An Event Data Recorder (EDR) is a function or device installed in a motor vehicle to record technical vehicle and occupant information for a brief
More informationNHTSA Heavy Vehicle Test Track Research. Frank Barickman Devin Elsasser. National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
NHTSA Heavy Vehicle Test Track Research Frank Barickman Devin Elsasser National Highway Traffic Safety Administration NHTSA Heavy Vehicle Test Track Research Stability Control Research Truck-Tractor Stability
More informationExisting safety technology is the driverless vehicle already here? Matthew Avery Safety Research Director
Existing safety technology is the driverless vehicle already here? Matthew Avery Safety Research Director Automotive Safety Primary vs Secondary Safety Primary Safety Secondary Safety Tertiary Safety Pre-crash
More informationBILLING INFORMATION. Address: City, State, Zip: Telephone Number: Date of Injury: Time of Injury: AM PM City and street where crash occurred:
BILLING INFORMATION Patient Name: Address: City, State, Zip: Telephone Number: Date of Injury: Time of Injury: AM PM City and street where crash occurred: Yes No Do you have automobile medical insurance
More informationGrenzenlos wissen Von der Region in die Welt. Automatisierung von Fahrzeugen
3. Wissenschaftstag der Europäischen Metropolregion Nürnberg Di, 26. Mai 2009 Hochschule Amberg-Weiden, ACC Grenzenlos wissen Von der Region in die Welt Automatisierung von Fahrzeugen Das EU-Forschungsprojekt
More informationProject Overview. Focus: Go to Market. Samuel Ginn College of Engineering 2
Driver Assistive Truck Platooning (DATP): Evaluation, Testing, and Stakeholder Engagement for Near Term Deployment GPS and Vehicle Dynamics Lab Auburn University Project Overview FHWA Exploratory Advanced
More information3D Vision An enabling Technology for Advanced Driver Assistance and Autonomous Offroad Driving
3D Vision An enabling Technology for Advanced Driver Assistance and Autonomous Offroad Driving AIT Austrian Institute of Technology Safety & Security Department Christian Zinner Safe and Autonomous Systems
More informationNo.2 October 2012. Automotive insight for Members. Stop the Crash! AEB prevents low speed crashes: now part of UK group rating
No.2 October 2012 Automotive insight for Members Stop the Crash! AEB prevents low speed crashes: now part of UK group rating AEB Autonomous Emergency Braking AEB is potentially as important a development
More informationIn-vehicle Technologies for Increasing Seat Belt Use
In-vehicle Technologies for Increasing Seat Belt Use TRB Annual Meeting Washington, DC January 14, 2013 David G. Kidd Safety belt use in the US has risen in large part due to publicized enforcement and
More informationSynthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Imaging using the MIT IAP 2011 Laptop Based Radar*
Synthetic Aperture Radar (SAR) Imaging using the MIT IAP 2011 Laptop Based Radar* Presented at the 2011 MIT Independent Activities Period (IAP) Gregory L. Charvat, PhD 24 January 2011 *This work is sponsored
More informationCHAPTER 3 AVI TRAVEL TIME DATA COLLECTION
CHAPTER 3 AVI TRAVEL TIME DATA COLLECTION 3.1 - Introduction Travel time information is becoming more important for applications ranging from congestion measurement to real-time travel information. Several
More informationDriver Certification
Driver Certification Environmental Health & Safety/Risk Management Department of Campus Operations 300 College Park Dayton, Ohio 45469-2904 937-229-4503 Agenda: Part I: Review of UD Driver Certification
More informationRear-end Collision Prevention Using Mobile Devices
Rear-end Collision Prevention Using Mobile Devices Nanxiang Li, Amardeep Sathyanarayana, Carlos Busso, John H.L. Hansen Center for Robust Speech Systems (CRSS) Dept. of Electrical Engineering, Jonsson
More informationFrontal Crash Protection
SAE Government and Industry Meeting Frontal Crash Protection Real World Experience with Event Data Recorders May 14, 2001 Augustus Chip Chidester John A. Hinch National Highway Traffic Safety Administration
More informationNATIONAL TRANSPORT AND SAFETY AUTHORITY
NATIONAL TRANSPORT AND SAFETY AUTHORITY SCHOOL TRANSPORTATION SAFETY GUIDELINES BY THE NATIONAL TRANSPORT AND SAFETY AUTHORITY School transportation plays an important and long-term role in the lives of
More informationON THE WAY TOWARDS ZERO ACCIDENTS
VOLVO TRUCKS. DRIVING PROGRESS ON THE WAY TOWARDS ZERO ACCIDENTS Volvo Trucks and Traffic Safety www.volvotrucks.com RSP 20100110001 English. Printed in Sweden. An automobile conveys and is driven by people.
More informationCity of Auburn Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Transition Plan for Curb Ramps, Sidewalks, and Pedestrian Signals ADA TRANSITION PLAN
Americans with Disabilities Act (ADA) Transition Plan for Curb Ramps, Sidewalks, and Pedestrian Signals ADA TRANSITION PLAN December 21, 2009 Public Works Department 171 N. Ross Street, Suite 200 Auburn,
More informationStop Alert Flasher with G-Force sensor
Stop Alert Flasher with G-Force sensor Stop Alert module creates brake light flashing effect to catch attention of the drivers behind to avoid dangerous rear end collision. The flasher module is a state
More informationUsing big data in automotive engineering?
Using big data in automotive engineering? ETAS GmbH Borsigstraße 14 70469 Stuttgart, Germany Phone +49 711 3423-2240 Commentary by Friedhelm Pickhard, Chairman of the ETAS Board of Management, translated
More informationASK THE CAR WHAT HAPPENED
ASK THE CAR WHAT HAPPENED Reconstructing traffic accidents through the use of a vehicle s black box technology. Christie Swiss Attorney at Law Collins Collins Muir + Stewart LLP Oakland South Pasadena
More informationMotorcycle Airbag System
PRESS INFORMATION September 2005 Motorcycle Airbag System Honda Motor Co., Ltd. Introduction Honda has been proactive in fostering driver and rider training as well as developing and implementing active
More informationZF Innovation Truck Turns Maneuvering Long Trucks into a Finger Exercise
Page 1/6, 2014-07-08 ZF Innovation Truck Turns Maneuvering Long Trucks into a Finger Exercise Connect intelligently: New function created by combining the TraXon Hybrid transmission system from ZF with
More informationTomTom HAD story How TomTom enables Highly Automated Driving
TomTom HAD story How TomTom enables Highly Automated Driving Automotive World Webinar 12 March 2015 Jan-Maarten de Vries VP Product Marketing TomTom Automotive Automated driving is real and it is big Image:
More informationProduction testing of radar sensors for automotive applications
Production testing of radar sensors for automotive applications Innovative, cost-efficient solution for component and functional test Test & Measurement Application Brochure 01.00 Production testing of
More informationREAL-WORLD PERFORMANCE OF CITY SAFETY BASED ON SWEDISH INSURANCE DATA
REAL-WORLD PERFORMANCE OF CITY SAFETY BASED ON SWEDISH INSURANCE DATA Irene Isaksson-Hellman If P&C Insurance Sweden Magdalena Lindman Volvo Car Corporation Sweden Paper Number 15-0121 ABSTRACT The number
More informationFrost & Sullivan s Research and Market Consulting Group. Global Trends, Technology Roadmaps and Strategic Market Analysis AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY & DAS
Frost & Sullivan s Research and Market Consulting Group Global Trends, Technology Roadmaps and Strategic Market Analysis AUTOMOTIVE SAFETY & DAS Presentation to Automotive World Briefing 14 th May 2008
More informationOnGuard Collision Mitigation System
Maintenance Manual MM-1306 OnGuard Collision Mitigation System Revised 04-15 Service Notes About This Manual This service manual applies to all vehicles equipped with the OnGuard Collision Mitigation System.
More informationVirtual CRASH 3.0 Staging a Car Crash
Virtual CRASH 3.0 Staging a Car Crash Virtual CRASH Virtual CRASH 3.0 Staging a Car Crash Changes are periodically made to the information herein; these changes will be incorporated in new editions of
More informationSAFE Streets for CHICAGO
Overview Each day, hundreds of thousands of Chicagoans walk or drive in the city. Ensuring their safety is the City s top priority. Over the past several years, Chicago has developed many successful strategies
More informationSafety-conscious Drivers Prevent Crashes. Defensive Driving: Managing Visibility, Time and Space. Improve Your Defensive Driving Skills
Defensive Driving: Managing Visibility, Time and Space Motor vehicle travel is the primary means of travel in the United States. With all the benefits that come along with mobility, there are thousands
More informationAdaptive Cruise Control Unit
CALVIN COLLEGE TEAM 3: CALVIN CRUISE Adaptive Cruise Control Unit Bryan Bandstra Nate Barker Erik Barton Nate Sportel Chris Vonk 4/2/2007 The primary objective of this project is to design and produce
More informationCHAPTER 11: PEDESTRIAN SIGNS AND SIGNALS
CHAPTER 11: PEDESTRIAN SIGNS AND SIGNALS Traffic signs and signals should be useful for all pedestrians. It is essential to provide signals that are phased and timed to allow senior citizens, children,
More informationInvestigating the Aggravated Vehicular Homicide Case
Investigating the Aggravated Vehicular Homicide Case A Guide for Wyoming Prosecutors Presented by: John Daily Teton County Sheriff s Office Jackson Hole Scientific Investigations, Inc Box 2206 Jackson,
More informationPEDESTRIAN HEAD IMPACT ANALYSIS
INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF MECHANICAL ENGINEERING AND TECHNOLOGY (IJMET) International Journal of Mechanical Engineering and Technology (IJMET), ISSN 0976 6340(Print), ISSN 0976 6340 (Print) ISSN 0976 6359
More informationINSTRUCTOR S GUIDE. Stay on the Right Track Highway-Railway Crossing Awareness Training for Newly Licensed Drivers
INSTRUCTOR S GUIDE Stay on the Right Track Highway-Railway Crossing Awareness Training for Newly Licensed Drivers WHAT WE DO Operation Lifesaver is a nationwide, non-profit public information and education
More informationSTATEMENT THE ALLIANCE OF AUTOMOBILE MANUFACTURERS APRIL 14, 2016 PRESENTED BY:
STATEMENT OF THE ALLIANCE OF AUTOMOBILE MANUFACTURERS BEFORE THE: THE HOUSE ENERGY AND COMMERCE SUBCOMMITTEE ON COMMERCE, MANUFACTURING AND TRADE APRIL 14, 2016 PRESENTED BY: MITCH BAINWOL PRESIDENT AND
More informationwww.vdo.com Road speed limitation for commercial vehicles
www.vdo.com Road speed limitation for commercial vehicles Mobility shapes our life moving ahead is our passion A passion for mobility drives us to achieve new goals, to push further and to move boundaries.
More informationTRACKING DRIVER EYE MOVEMENTS AT PERMISSIVE LEFT-TURNS
TRACKING DRIVER EYE MOVEMENTS AT PERMISSIVE LEFT-TURNS Michael A. Knodler Jr. Department of Civil & Environmental Engineering University of Massachusetts Amherst Amherst, Massachusetts, USA E-mail: mknodler@ecs.umass.edu
More informationPERMISSION FOR TRANSPARENCY USE
PERMISSION FOR TRANSPARENCY USE 2003 Smith System Driver Improvement Institute, Inc. All rights reserved. No part of this publication may be reproduced without written permission other than as specifically
More informationSeagull Intersection Layout. Island Point Road - A Case Study. Authors: John Harper, Wal Smart, Michael de Roos
Seagull Intersection Layout. Island Point Road - A Case Study Authors: John Harper, Wal Smart, Michael de Roos Presented by Mr John Harper, Road Safety and Traffic Services Manager Phone: 4221 2456 Mobile:
More informationSpace-Based Position Navigation and Timing National Advisory Board
Space-Based Position Navigation and Timing National Advisory Board Intelligent Transportation System (ITS) Evolution GPS/GNSS Role in Emerging Vehicle Fleets and Highway Infrastructure Brian P. Cronin,
More informationDocument Name: Driving Skills. Purpose: To outline necessary driving skills required to maximize driving safety.
Document Name: Driving Skills Date Created: 8 October 2013 Date Reviewed: 4 February 2014 Date Approved: 29 July 2015 Purpose: To outline necessary driving skills required to maximize driving safety. Overview:
More informationImproving Fuel economy and CO 2 Through The Application of V2I and V2V Communications
Ricardo 1 Improving Fuel economy and CO 2 Through The Application of V2I and V2V Communications Making Connected Vehicles Happen Karina Morley August 4, 2009 2 Background and Market Drivers There Are Three
More informationACCELERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF VEHICLES IN RURAL PENNSYLVANIA
www.arpapress.com/volumes/vol12issue3/ijrras_12_3_14.pdf ACCELERATION CHARACTERISTICS OF VEHICLES IN RURAL PENNSYLVANIA Robert M. Brooks Associate Professor, Department of Civil and Environmental Engineering,
More information2014 Annual General Meeting
2014 Annual General Meeting Jan Carlson CEO and President May 6, 2014 Driven for Life. Our vision To substantially reduce traffic accidents, fatalities and injuries Our mission To create, manufacture and
More informationFive Star Ratings for Collision Mitigation/Avoidance Systems
Motor & Equipment Manufacturers Association Comments on New Car Assessment Program (NCAP); Request for Comments Docket No. NHTSA 2012 0180 July 5, 2013 Introduction The Motor & Equipment Manufacturers
More informationWorking Paper. Extended Validation of the Finite Element Model for the 2010 Toyota Yaris Passenger Sedan
Working Paper NCAC 2012-W-005 July 2012 Extended Validation of the Finite Element Model for the 2010 Toyota Yaris Passenger Sedan Dhafer Marzougui Randa Radwan Samaha Chongzhen Cui Cing-Dao (Steve) Kan
More informationEvaluation of the Automatic Transmission Model in HVE Version 7.1
HVE-WP-2010-3 Evaluation of the Automatic Transmission Model in HVE Version 7.1 Copyright 2010 Engineering Dynamic Corporation Eric S. Deyerl, P.E., Michael J. Fitch Dial Engineering ABSTRACT The Automatic
More information