A PRESENTATION ON ENERGY RECOVERY FROM ORGANIC WASTE THROUGH BIOMETHANIZATION SHAILENDRA JAIN, DIRECTOR SHREYANS ENERGY P LTD,

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1 PROGRAM ON INTEGRATING RENEWABLE ENERGY SOURCES INTO EMERGING ELECTRIC POWER SYSTEMS ORGANIZED AT IIT MANDI ON MAY,16 TH 2011 A PRESENTATION ON ENERGY RECOVERY FROM ORGANIC WASTE THROUGH BIOMETHANIZATION BY SHAILENDRA JAIN, DIRECTOR SHREYANS ENERGY P LTD,

2 INTRODUCTION : SHREYANS ENERGY P LTD Incorporated in 1999 to work exclusively into the field of renewable energy with major focus on development of waste to energy project. Developed more than 30 biogas digesters in the country At present setting up digester to produce 4000 M3/d biogas from cow manure and generate electricity with installed capacity of 400 KW X 2 nos. (a potential CDM project undergoing validation) Indigenously developed high rate biomethanization technology to treat solid and liquid waste 2

3 BIOMETHANIZATION It is a Biological degradation process of organic substance in absence of oxygen that produces Biogas. Also called anaerobic digestion This is successfully applied for energy recovery from waste in terms of biogas. 3

4 BIOMETHANIZATION PROCESS FOR SOLID WASTE Waste collection Grinding Thermal Feeding Biogas Bio CNG Anaerobic digestion Electrical Direct application as organic manure Treated sludge Vermi compost for further enrichment 4

5 BIOMETHANIZATION PROCESS OF SOLID WASTE (CONT.) Collection (segregation): - The process of waste collection and segregation is a challenge in biomethanization process. - If this component is managed adequately, subsequent processes are sure to deliver result. - Lapses at this stage would lead to failure of the whole process irrespective of the technology. At source segregation prior to collection is the first and far most requirement of biomethanization, In case of industrial waste it is easy to achieve but for municipal waste it requires mass scale participation to address this challenge and it is yet to be demonstrated in our country to fetch energy from this untapped source. - 5

6 BIOMETHANIZATION PROCESS OF SOLID WASTE (CONT.) Grinding Particle size between 5 to 10 mm is achievable easily by using macerator. At this particle size the whole process is optimized to demonstrate good biogas recovery per kg of organic fraction. 6

7 BIOMETHANIZATION PROCESS OF SOLID WASTE (CONT.) Feeding Dry feeding with provision of moisture correction with in digester offers user friendly feature to the O&M team. Conveyor feeding for more than 15% DS Positive displacement Pump Suitable up to 15% DS consistency 7

8 BIOMETHANIZATION PROCESS OF SOLID WASTE (CONT.) Anaerobic Digestion Process dynamics involve control of following parameters - Temperature Every 10 degree cent. Rise in temperature double the rate of digestion. mesophelic range delivers optimum result at 37 degree cent. Whereas thermophelic range delivers optimum result at 55 degree cent. - Retention time It varies with respect to the temperature maintained with the digester and may ranges from 15 to 40 days. - Dry solid consistency This parameter has direct impact on capital cost and energy input required for operation and maintenance of the plant. The value is optimized between 12 to 15 % - Direction of flow Downward movement favors easy removal of digested sludge from bottom, as digested sludge is heavier than fresh sludge. - Internal mixing This ensures physical contact of active bacteria with the organic substance - Recycling of active culture Recycling of active culture from the digested sludge streams provides stability in the anaerobic digestion process, 8

9 SOLID WASTE TREATMENT TECHNOLOGY CSTR (Continuously Stirred Tank Reactor) Shreyans Energy has developed CSTR technology to operate both at mesophelic and thermophelic temperature. This technology is in use since 2005 It is suitable for all the kind of solid waste for any size starting from 1 MT/d and above. 9

10 BIOGAS STORAGE 10

11 PHOTOS- BIOGAS PLANT AND COMPONENTS Biogas plant CSTR Digester 300 m 3 per day 11

12 CSTR under ground digester with top balloon cover 1000 M 3 per day 12

13 Biogas generator 13

14 Plug flow prefabricated digester capacity 200 M 3 per day 14

15 ENERGY RECOVERY FROM LIQUID WASTE The treatment of liquid waste in absence of oxygen reduces COD up to 85% and provides energy in terms of biogas. UASB (Up flow anaerobic sludge blanket) technology is most suitable to treat liquid waste that contains high organic loads. Application of UASB technology off sets energy as required by extended aeration system and saves on cost of treatment of waste water. 15

16 BIOMETHANIZATION APPLICATIONS Energy recovery for waste category like: Agro processing waste Food processing waste Distillery plant Sugar mill press mud Paper mill Bravery plant Municipal organic waste Dairy, poultry and livestock farms 16

17 UNTAPPED POTENTIAL OF WASTE TO ENERGY Biomethanization at sugar industry Press mud Yet not exploited, untapped energy source Projection for Biomethanization of Press Mud 1 MT of press mud shall give m 3 /day (Depending upon dry solid fraction) Or ltr of diesel (Equivalent) Or units of electricity Or kg of CNG (Equivalent) Or kg of Coal (Equivalent) 17

18 A CASE STUDY Biomethanization of food process plant at M/s Haldiram, Nagpur Waste composition & quantity : Primary sludge of ETP 5MT Food process waste 5 MT Biogas generation 1000 m 3 /day Calorific value of Biogas 5000 Kcal/m 3 Biogas application Thermal for heating Saving through replacement of LPG/LDO/FO/wood Rs 20.0 lacs per year Saving in disposal cost incurred prior to the establishment of biomethanization Rs 6.0 Lacs per year Total saving Rs 27.0 Lacs per year Cost of project Rs 50.0 Lacs flat Pay back Rs 1.5 years Client has not gone for MNRE subsidy and CDM revenue, both shall further improve commercial viability of the project 18

19 BIOGAS APPLICATION Options Biogas replacing LPG, coal etc This is a cheapest and simplest proposition. Biogas enriched to CNG quality This requires purification and bottling plant. Sweden is having 60% of bio-methane in their CNG national grid. Biogas to produce electricity through Engine generator set Every 1.0 M3 of biogas gives 1.5 to 2.4 KWH depending on size and technology of engine generator set. 19

20 FINANCIAL INCENTIVE TO THE PROJECT No income tax for the first five year on the income generated from the renewable energy project 80% accelerated depreciation of the plant and machinery Capital subsidy on project from Ministry of New and Renewable Energy Sources Biomethanization is a potential CDM project and may command revenue through sale of CER 20

21 FINANCIAL APPRAISAL The IRR on project investment Thermal application - more than22% Electricity or bio CNG - More than 20% Considering CER as one of the revenue source 21

22 AN OPPORTUNITY BEYOND ENERGY Biogas plant are called as energy recovery system, Eventually Biogas is recognized as byproduct and the main product is organic manure. The value of organic manure is much more than Biogas. The trend of organic food has started and farmers are adopting organic farming. This would increase demand of organic manure. Vermin Compost is easier to apply on anaerobic digested sludge than directly on raw sludge The vermin compost also eliminates the smell normally observed a little in the anaerobic sludge. 22

23 THANK YOU For details, May contact at, Shailendra Jain,Director, Shreyans Energy P Ltd Caravs 15 Civil lines, Jabalpur,MP shailendrajain@shreyansenergy.com Phone , Fax Cell