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1 Study Island Copyright 2014 Edmentum - All rights reserved. Generation Date: 04/01/2014 Generated By: Cheryl Shelton Title: Science - Biology Heredity 1. The allele for cystic fibrosis is recessive. What does this mean? A. Cystic fibrosis can be carried in a heterozygote and kill a homozygous offspring. B. The allele for cystic fibrosis is only passed along when a person carrying it is homozygous for it. C. Cystic fibrosis will kill any person with that allele. D. Cystic fibrosis never affects anyone with the allele--it is only carried. 2. Sarah is doing an experiment on pea plants. She is studying the color of the pea plants. Sarah has noticed that many pea plants have purple flowers and many have white flowers. Sarah crosses a homozygous white flower and a homozygous purple flower. The cross results in all purple flowers. What is true of the color of pea plants? A. White flowers are dominant to purple flowers. B. Purple flowers are dominant to white flowers. C. Purple flowers and white flowers are recessive to red. D. White flowers and purple flowers are codominant. 3. Infantile Tay-Sachs is a fatal disease caused by a recessive allele passed from parents to offspring. Jennifer had a baby brother who died of Infantile Tay-Sachs disease (TSD), but Jennifer did not have the disease. When she grew up and got married, her third child also died of Infantile TSD. How is this possible? A. Jennifer's husband was a carrier of the allele for the disease, and Jennifer was not. B. Jennifer and her husband were both carriers of the allele.

2 C. Jennifer's husband had the disease, and Jennifer did not have any alleles. D. Jennifer was a carrier of the allele for the disease, and her husband had the disease. 4. Which hereditary rule explains why a self-fertilizing parent that is heterozygous for the A locus (Aa) can produce offspring that are AA or aa? A. principle of independent assortment B. codominance C. principle of segregation D. dominance 5. A certain type of flower has two alleles for color (blue, purple), and two alleles for stem height (tall, short). A tall blue flower and a short purple flower are crossed, resulting in tall blue flowers, short blue flowers, tall purple flowers, and short purple flowers. What law does this example help to prove? A. Law of Segregation B. Law of Genetic Inheritance C. Law of Independent Assortment D. Law of Multiple Alleles 6. Trey goes to a rabbit farm to look at a litter of newborn rabbits. The newborns are all different colors. They are gray, black, white, light brown, and dark brown. What type of inheritance pattern are these rabbits likely displaying? A. codominance B. multiple alleles C. incomplete dominance D. dominant-recessive 7. A student crosses two pea plants. One is homozygous dominant for axial flowers, and the other is heterozygous for axial flowers. If the student examines 200 offspring pea plants, which of the following is a reasonable result? A. 149 with axial flowers, 51 with terminal flowers

3 B. 98 with axial flowers, 102 with terminal flowers C. 47 with axial flowers, 153 with terminal flowers D. 200 with axial flowers, 0 with terminal flowers 8. Hemophilia A is a sex-linked recessive disease. If a mother without the disease and a father without the disease have one son diagnosed with hemophilia, what is the probability that a future daughter they have together will also be afflicted with hemophilia? A. 0% B. 25% C. 50% D. 100% 9. A student encounters a plant bearing small, purple flowers in the wild. The size of the flowers and the purple color are determined by two separate genes. The genes for both small size (S) and purple color (P) are dominant to large size (s) and white color (p), respectively. The student wants to determine the genotype of the newly isolated plant. Crossing to which of these plants would provide the most information in one generation? A. SSpp B. SsPp C. sspp D. SSPP 10. Lisa breeds snakes. She bred a solid brown male python with a tan female python whose body was covered with a black diamond pattern. Upon hatching, all of the baby pythons were brown with a faint diamond pattern. Which of the following inheritance patterns most likely determined the color of Lisa's baby pythons? A. codominance B. sex-linked C. autosomal dominant-recessive D. incomplete dominance

4 11. Fifty percent of the offspring produced by a cross between pea plants have seeds with a wrinkled (r) appearance caused by the presence of a homozygous recessive gene. What were the genotypes of the parents? A. Rr rr B. RR rr C. RR Rr D. Rr Rr 12. Carla receives an allele for blue eyes from her mother, and an allele for brown eyes from her father. If brown eye color is a dominant trait and blue eye color is a recessive trait, what can be determined about the color of Carla's eyes? A. Carla has brown eyes. B. Carla has green eyes. C. Carla's eye color can not be determined. D. Carla has blue eyes. 13. Which of the following is the term for the condition in which hybrid offspring exhibit a phenotype that is midway between the dissimilar traits of parent organisms? A. autosomal trait B. sex-linked trait C. allele D. incomplete dominance 14. AB blood type is an example of. A. codominance B. incomplete dominance C. polygenic inheritance D. independent assortment 15. Which of the following describes an allele whose characteristic phenotype is masked by the presence of a second, different allele?

5 A. codominant B. polygenic C. recessive D. dominant 16. Human height is a polygenic trait. This means that the A. trait is controlled by more than one pair of genes. B. trait is controlled by the genes inherited from the father only. C. trait is controlled by the genes inherited from the mother only. D. trait is completely controlled by only one pair of genes. 17. Which of the following is the term for one possible form of the gene for a particular trait? A. allele B. autosomal trait C. sex-linked trait D. codon 18. Many serious diseases can be passed from parent to offspring through genes. In which case given below is a recessive disease NOT able to be passed on? A. if one parent has both alleles for the disease only B. if one parent has zero, one, or both alleles for the disease C. if one parent has one allele or has no alleles for the disease D. if one parent has no alleles for the disease 19. A(n) is a characteristic arising from genes located on chromosomes that are not gender-determining. A. allele B. autosomal trait C. sex-linked trait D. genotype

6 20. What is the term used to describe the heritable, physical characteristics of a living organism? A. pedigree B. phenotype C. genotype D. allele 21. In pea plants, tall (T) plants are dominant over short (t) plants. If a heterozygous (Tt) pea plant is crossed with a homozygous dominant (TT) pea plant, all of the resulting pea plants should be tall (TT or Tt). Each plant will receive a dominant allele from the homozygous dominant plant, while they could receive either a dominant or recessive allele from the heterozygous plant. The fact that each plant gets only one allele from each parent plant is detailed in the Law of. A. Independent Assortment B. Genetic Inheritance C. Multiple Alleles D. Segregation 22. A student crosses two true-breeding pea plants, one with green pods and the other with yellow pods. If yellow is dominant over green, what phenotypic results will the student find in the F1 generation? A. 50% green, 50% yellow B. 100% yellow C. 100% green D. 25% yellow, 75% green 23. The pedigree shown above is based on a family with freckles (filled circles or squares) or lacking freckles (empty circles or squares). Freckles are determined by one gene locus. Which of the following statements about freckles is most likely to be correct? A. Freckles are an autosomal dominant allele.

7 B. Freckles are an autosomal recessive allele. C. Freckles are a sex-linked recessive allele. D. Freckles are a sex-linked dominant allele.