Each polis had a legal, religious, gender, and cultural differences. Fiercely independent polis resulted in no united Greece.

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1 Mr. Salem Term 1 The Polis and Greek Monarchy Theme: Changes in functions and Structures of states and in attitudes toward states and political identities. Define Polis as a form of government: City State; city or town and surrounding country side --Can be as rules as Monarchy, Oligarchy, Aristocracy, or Democracy How did the polis effect life in Ancient Greece? Each polis had a legal, religious, gender, and cultural differences. Fiercely independent polis resulted in no united Greece. Sparta Athens Greek Monarchy (Pg ) Time period?: List details on the following important leaders and their impact on Greek politics: a.philip II King of Macedonia First Ruler of a united Greece b. Alexander Alexander the Great, Expanded Greek territory, Invaded Persia, N. Africa, Asia. c. Ptolemy and Seleucus Two of the rulers that followed Alexander, divided Hellenistic empire (post Alexander territory) Change: How did the political structure change in Greece from 800 BC-323 BC? From independent Polis to unified Monarchy

2 Mr. Salem Term 1 Daily life in Theme: Systems of social structure and gender structure. Personal Possessions Bed, Chests, Tables, Tools Pottery, Baskets, Mats, Etc. Jobs/Work Potters, Smiths, Tanners, Officials, Laborers, Slaves Athenian Home A series of rooms built around a large courtyard Kitchen, bed room, men s eating rooms, wool/shop rooms Women roles Run Household, tend children, Hire and look after help/laborers Diet Grain, wine, garlic, onions, lentils, olives, figs Little red meat (Sparta), some fish, chicken. Women s Citizenship? Greek Women were not citizens, *Free Women did have some rights and influence in society. Legal and Social rights of Women? Most rights were to protect husbands interests: rape was a crime. Dowry brought some protection Homosexuality Readily accepted as past of society. More in warrior and upper class. No stigma. Courtesans Educated courtesans did move freely as unmarried women in Greece. Some were mainly prostitutes, but many were cultural figures that existed in an other wise traditional society. Women and Children Women s main responsibility to Greek society was to raise children to be citizens of the polis. Also washed and cooked, worked wool for cloth for family.

3 Greek Religion and Philosophy Theme: Cultural and intellectual development and interactions between societies. Greek Religion: 1. Compare and contrast modern religions with the religion of Ancient Greece: Creed: No specific or uniform creed. Multiple cults to several different gods. Ideas on worship varied throughout Greece. Temples: Priests and priestesses took care of sacred sites of worships but did not teach moral conduct or code. Variety of god worshiped at difference sties and temples across Greece. 2. How did each local community localize the religion? Examples? Each polis worshiped their own major and minor gods and goddesses. Honored the local deities before polis celebrations. Ex. Athens = Athena Philosophy: Philosopher Ideas/Topics of Thought Time Period Thales Nature can be 600 BC explained in natural terms Anaximander Heraclitus Democritus Defined universe in terms of basic elements Defined fire as most primal element Idea of atomic theory all universe made of invisible particles 600 BC 500 BC 460 BC

4 Hippocrates Father of Medicine 450 BC Socrates Plato Aristotle Sophist; Philosophy Logic, Rhetoric Sophist; Philosophy, government, political science. Government, physics, natural science BC BC BC Greek Expansion East Theme: Patterns and impacts of interactions among major societies: trade, war, diplomacy and international organizations. Impact of technology and demography on people and the environment. The Spread of Hellenism (pg ) Cities and Kingdoms 1. How did life in the polis change after the rise of Greek monarchies? Loss of sovereignty (self rule). Cities cold not wage war, conduct foreign policy, or govern themselves without interference from the King. City assemblies had no voice to King. 2. How did the opening of the East give Greek women new opportunities? Economic options, female poets, education, and limited political access. Improved from ancient era post 300 BC How did the Greeks spread east impact the following peoples?: Egypt Culture and language merge as intermarriage was common Asia Minor Jews Jews not full citizens as most were unwilling to give up their religion Western Mediterranean

5 What other developments happened during the spread of Hellenism? Economics o Expanded Trade o Overland trade by caravan to India, Arabia, and Sub- Saharan Africa luxury goods o Slave trade o Traded for grain to feed population growth Philosophy Cynics Stoics Science o Astronomy from Baylonians o Euclid Geometry o Archimedes inventor and scientist

The Greeks 500 300 BC. Greek City States Early Greek sates called polis Usually built around a market or fortified hill top called an acropolis

The Greeks 500 300 BC. Greek City States Early Greek sates called polis Usually built around a market or fortified hill top called an acropolis The Greeks 500 300 BC Greek City States Early Greek sates called polis Usually built around a market or fortified hill top called an acropolis Greek City-State Political Monarch - ruled by a single person