Absolutism TIP Chart. Absolutism Vocabulary. TERM Information Picture. 1. Absolute Monarchy: a king or queen with unlimited power

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1 Absolutism Vocabulary 1. Absolute Monarchy: a king or queen with unlimited power Absolutism TIP Chart TERM Information Picture 2. Divine Right: The theory that stated that kings had a god given right to rule their nations as they wished 3. Dynasty: Rulers all from the same ancestry or family. Ex. 4. Czar: What Russia called their leaders - equivalent of a king or emperor 5. Inalienable Rights: A right that cannot be taken away or controlled by another person or government 6. Social Contract: A mutually agreed upon way to conduct oneself or to conduct the business of a society, government or individual. 7. Balance of Power: When power is shared to prevent the abuse that usually results form absolute power. 8. Heir: The next person to inherit a legacy or position usually from a relative. An heir is usually legally entitled to the position 9. Succession: The order in which the heirs are determined. 10. Sovereignty: Supreme power or authority of an individual or state to govern itself or another state. 11. Tyrant: A cruel and oppressive ruler.

2 Absolutism and what caused it! What does Absolute mean? What was the Age of Absolutism? Period of time when European monarchs got. The and the Age of caused the age of Absolutism. The colonial economic system of also helped to cause centralization of power in Europe. European monarchs ruled with. Rulers had of the power. Rulers used power for gain (palaces, territories, etc.) The common man did better or worse. Causes: 1. Exploration: the world in size. People were comforted by someone in charge since generally people fear change. 2. Protestant Reformation: persecution and religious conflict made people want a for quick decision making, stability and safety. 3. Political Conflict: Europe was about. People wanted protection from other nations so they supported powerful leaders. 4. Changing Social Norms: Less more business and industry. More of a middle class in that are created because of the colonies. Louis XIV and Henry VIII Louis XIV (that is 14 in Roman numerals) He was know as the. He said: which meant that he thought he was AWESOME. He started many colonies and ruled for years. He used his power for wealth and was a spender. He was a of the arts and build Versailles. (He started the French Royal Ballet Company!) He used power to Protestants and help spread Catholicism which was his religion. Henry VIII (that is an 8 in Roman numerals) Henry took absolute power to a new level by creating his own for personal gain. He was the & leader of England. He bordered on becoming a. Henry VIII had wives ( of whom died) and children. All of his children were also rulers of England during the age of Absolutism.

3 Who Accomplishment When Where Motivation Impact Peter the Great Modernized Prussia Strengthened the economy Religiously tolerant Continued to modernize Russia. Expanded cities and towns, increased education and freedom for nobles (wealthy class). Czar 1682 to to 1796 Prussia She was an enlightened thinker that cared about people s rights He increased Russia s role in European politics and increased their global presence and power. Increased individual rightseconomically, politically and spiritually (freedom to choose their religion) Charles V Holy Roman Motivated by spreading his Empire and his religion (Catholicism) Showed how absolute monarchs could use their power to influence Europe and the world.

4 Monarch Vignettes King Louis XIV of France I am the state. The sun is my symbol, shining light on all of France and all the world. Come to Versailles, my palace and my home, and you will see how rightly I really shine. I need no state representatives, no Estate General. The people bow to me because I am the King, because God had ordained my rule. The sun is at the center of the solar system, and I am the center of this nation. My intendants collect taxes and represent me out in the lands of France, but I am still the only king. France is the wealthiest state in Europe thanks to me, and my levee is the highlight of every day of the people of France. Through me, everyone can come together and France can be the greatest power in the world. Absolutism Map Prussia Russia Fredrick the Great Prussia is not a state which possesses an army, but an army which possesses the state. My military leader is not wrong in what he says. Like any dedicated soldier, I begin my day early and do not cease to work all day. My troops know by always seeing me in my military uniform that I am dedicated and serious. Prussia does not need the hassle of competing nobles, so I included them all in my army and in the government. That leaves more power and control to me! It is important to me that my son take over and lead the army well when I am doe as king. His tutor must take the greatest pains to imbue my son with a sincere love for the soldier s profession and to impress upon him that nothing else in the world can confer upon a prince such fame and honor as the sword. Peter the Great The West is a place of great invention, technology, and progress. We have learned much here in Russia from the rest of Europe. I must be such a strong king to show my people how to live in this day and age. With a strong military and greater territory, there is much in Russia to control. The church creates divisions within the people, so I took them under my wing to make sure there were no problems with this. My nobles know that I support them and their lands, but they still must answer to me. Intelligence and trade are important to make Russia a great Western nation. St Petersburg will be our ticket to the West, our very own London or Paris. I will do what I must to make Russia a modern nation, moving our borders as far to the east and west as we can. England: Green Netherlands: Pink France: Yellow Spain: Orange Italy: Red Prussia: Blue Russia: Purple Directions: Please color the map above. Then place the numbers for the people below in the proper geographic area. 1. Louis XIV 2. Peter the Great 3. Fredrick the Great 4. Catherine the Great 5. Charles V(emperor) 6. Henry VIII

5 The Glorious Revolution Big Idea : The peaceful overthrow of James II by William & Mary. This started England s modern form of government, which is a. How it happened 1. Charles I signed the making the laws made by parliament have more power than the. 2. : Very brutal war. Was motivated by an end to monarchies. England got rid of the Monarchy after the war. 3. Oliver Cromwell: strict after the English Civil War. England HATES him. He was religious (puritan) and did not allow many entertainments. 4. Restoration: with Charles II. He was know as the. 5. : Absolute ruler. He was openly Catholic (England was not a fan of Catholic rulers after Mary I) England wants him OUT! 6. : William and Mary take the throne from James II AND they agreed to power with parliament. In order to rule they had to sign the. This gave Parliament the right to tax and meet regularly. It states people should get a trial and gives Parliament more power. (this adds to the freedoms already grated by the Magna Carta, the Petition of Rights, and Habeas Corpus) Impact: Shows people in Europe wanted (freedom). It also predicts future conflict and change. What does the Glorious Revolution say about Absolute Monarchies? Glorious Revolution Charts and Diagrams The Events of the Glorious Revolution Magna Carta James I Charles I 5. English Civil War 9. James II 13. Constitutional Monarchy 6. Oliver Cromwell 10. Invasion The Royal Family Tree 7. The Restoration (Charles II) 11. Glorious Revolution (William & Mary) Petition of Rights 8. Habeas Corpus 12. The English Bill of Rights Directions: Draw an arrow in each box indicating if the action or individual increased or decreased the power of the regular people. Effects William, Mary & Parliament created a. This was a new form of government for the country.

Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau on Government

CONSTITUTIONAL RIGHTS FOUNDATION Bill of Rights in Action 20:2 Hobbes, Locke, Montesquieu, and Rousseau on Government Starting in the 1600s, European philosophers began debating the question of who should