PASADO SIMPLE Y PRESENTE PERFECTO

Transcription

1 UNIDAD 5 Pasado Simple. Presente Perfecto. Futuro. PASADO SIMPLE Y PRESENTE PERFECTO El presente perfecto se forma con have (para sujeto plural, Tu, y Yo) has (para sujeto singular) I have sent you a video attachment. They have used Windows pasado participio + pasado participio The program has opened The process has started. Se utiliza en los siguientes contextos: 1. cuando hacemos referencia a acciones no terminadas: I have used Windows 95 for 6 years. (...I still use it) She has known it for a long time. (...she still knows it) He has had his unit since (...he still has it) 2. cuando hacemos referencia a un pasado indefinido: He has used that printer many times. (I can't tell you when.) I've talked to your teacher. (I don't remember the date we spoke.) Have you used Yahoo Messenger before? (You don't know when or even if.) 3. se usa presente perfecto con ciertas palabras (por razones idiomáticas): never ever already yet lately recently so far We've never used multimedia. Has he ever taught a lesson online? I've already sent you a video attachment. Have you answered my yet? How many tests have you had lately? What good books have you read recently? She hasn't learned very much so far.

2 up to now Up to now, I haven't received a reply from him. just My secretary has just finished the report. Se utiliza el pasado simple con ago : (how long ago?) He bought his first PC seven years ago. Se utiliza el pasado simple en frases introducidas por since, pero se usa el presente perfecto en la oración principal: She's used her unit a lot since the day she bought it. She has made a lot of new friends since she opened her box. I've worked for this company since I've been waiting since 3 o'clock. Después de for se introduce un period de tiempo: (for how long?) I used a typewriter for many years. I quit when I bought a word processor. I've lived here for 25 years, and I don't plan to move. Futuro con "will" y Futuro con "be going to" FUTURO SIMPLE El futuro simple tiene dos formas en ingles, will y going to. Aunque las dos formas se pueden uitilizar indistintamente, usualmente espresan significados diferentes. Estos pueden parecer algo abstractos al comienzo, pero con práctica y tiempo las diferencias se tornan notorias. Ambas formas se refieren a un momento específico en el future. FORM Will [WILL] + [VERB] CARACTERIZACION SEMANTICA: La forma con will se utiliza para expresar que se esta decidiendo ahora un curso de acción futuro.

3 Ejemplos: I will start the unit later. I will never use it. FORM Be Going To [AM / IS / ARE] + [GOING TO] + [VERB] CARACTERIZACION SEMANTICA: La forma con going to se utiliza para expresar que se tiene un plan para un curso de acción future. EJEMPLOS: He is going to upload a personal web page tomorrow. He is definitely going to do it tomorrow.

4 APENDICE: Abreviaturas Formación de Palabras Abreviations in IT ANSI API ARPA ASCII ATM AV BASIC BBS BIOS Bit CAD CAE CAM CASE CBT CD-R CD-ROM CGI CISC CMOS COM CORBA American National Standard Institute Application Programming Interface Advanced Research Projects Agency American Standard Code for Information Interchange Asynchronous Transfer Mode Audio Video Beginner's All Purpose Symbolic Instruction Code Bulletin Board System Basic Input Output System Binary digit Computer Aided Design Computer Aided Engineering Computer Aided Manufacturing Computer Aided Software Engineering Computer Based Training Compact Disk - Recordable Compact Disk - Read Only Memory Common Gateway Interface Complex Instruction Set Computer Complementary Metal-Oxide Semiconductor Component Object Model Common Request Broker Architecture

5 DBMS DDE DLL DMA DOS dpi DRAM DSS DTP DVD DWF EISA EPROM EPS FAQ FDDI FTP GDI GIF GUI HDL HTML HTTP IBM IDE Data Base Management System Dynamic Data Exchange Dynamic Link Library Direct Memory Access Disk Operating System dots per inch Dynamic Random Access Memory Decision Support System Desk Top Publishing Digital Video Disk Drawing Web Format Extended Industry Standard Architecture Erasable Programmable Read Only Memory Encapsulated PostScript Frequently Asked Questions Fibre Distributed Data Interface File Transfer Protocol Graphics Device Interface Graphics Interchange Format Graphical User Interface Hardware Description Language Hyper Text Mark-up Language Hyper Text Transfer Protocol International Business Machine Integrated Development Environment

6 I/O IP IPNG IRC ISA ISAPI ISDN ISO/OSI ISP IT JDK JPEG KB LAN LCD LED MAPI MB MFC MIDI MIME MPEG NC NCSA NCSA Input/ Output Intemet Protocol Internet Protocol Next Generation Internet Relay Chat Industry Standard Architecture Internet Server Application Programming Interface Integrated Services Digital Network International Standards Organization /Open Systems Interconnection Internet Service Provider Information Technology Java Developer's Kit Joint Photographic Experts Group Kilo Byte Local Area Network Liquid Crystal Display Light Emission Diode Messaging Applications Programming Interface Mega Byte Microsoft Foundation Classes Musical Instruments Digital Interface Multipurpose Internet Mail Extension Moving Picture Experts Group Network Computer National Center for Supercomputing Applications National Computer Security Agency

7 NFS NT OCR OCX OLAP OLE OLTP OSF PCI PCMCIA PDA PDF PGP POP PPP Q&R RAID RAM RISC ROM RTF SCSI SDK SGML SIMM Network File System New Technology Optical Character Recognition Ole Control Extensions On Line Analytical Processing Object Linking Embedding On Line Transaction Processing Open Software Foundation Peripheral Component Interconnect Personal Computer Memory Card International Association Personal Digital Assistant Portable Document Format Pretty Good Privacy PointofPresence Point to Point Protocol Query & Report Redudant Array Indipendent Disks Random Access Memory Reduced Instruction Set Computer Read Only Memory Rich Text Fonlnat Small Computer SyStems Interface Software Developer's Kit Standard Generalized Mark-up Language Single In-line Memory Module

8 SLIP SMTP SNA SOHO SQL SRAM SVGA TCP/IP TIFF URL VBA VESA VGA VRML WAN WORM WWAP WWW XGA Serial Line Internet, Protocol Simple Mail Transfer Protocol System Network Architecture Small Office Home Office Structured Query LBnguage Static Random kacess Memory Super Video Graphics Array Transfer Control Protocol / Intemet (Internal) Protocol Tagged Imagine File Format Uniform Resource Locator Visual Basic for Applications Video Electronics Standards Association Video Graphics Array Virtual Reality Modeling Language Wide Area Network WriteOnceReadMultiple World Wide Analytical Processing World Wide Web Extended Graphics Array