Standard 1 Review. Opening: Answer the multiple-choice questions on pages and

Transcription

1 Opening: Standard 1 Review Answer the multiple-choice questions on pages and Correct answers will be counted as extra credit on your quiz.

2 Standard 1.1 Massachusetts New York Pennsylvania Rhode Island Virginia South Carolina

3 New England Middle Southern

4 Comparing and Contrasting the 13 Colonies NEW ENGLAND Key Colonies Key Figures Economic Activity Religion Reason for settling MA, CT,RI, Merchants Ship building, fishing and trade Puritans Harbors

5 Comparing and Contrasting the 13 Colonies MIDDLE Key Colonies NY, Penn, Maryland, DE Key Figures Economic Activity Religion Reason for settling Farmers Wheat, potato crops Catholic, Quaker, Protestant Long growing season

6 Comparing and Contrasting the 13 Colonies SOUTHERN Key Colonies SC, NC, VA Key Figures Economic Activity Religion Reason for settling Plantation owners Tobacco and rice plantations Anglicans Longest growing season

7 Standard 1.2 British Influence on the Colonies Rule of Law Magna Carta English Bill of Rights Nobody is above the law Limited power of the king Rights the gov t can t take away Examples of Representative Government in the Colonies Mayflower Compact House of Burgess Town Meetings

8 British Influence on the Colonies The British policy of salutary neglect left the colonies to govern themselves. British Policy changed after the French and Indian War; Parliament expected the colonies to help pay the war debt and started taxing the colonies.

9 Road to Revolution Stamp Act Quartering Act Townshend Acts Tea Act Boston Tea Party Sons of Liberty Boston Massacre Boycott Boston Tea Party Intolerable Acts Lexington & Concord 1 st Continental Congress

10 Important Battles of the Revolutionary War Saratoga Convinced the French to help the U.S. Yorktown Ended the war

11 Standard 1.3 The Declaration stated the principles of equality, the natural rights of life, liberty, property, the purpose of government to secure those rights, and the right of the people to abolish or overthrow government when natural rights are not protected by government.

12 The Declaration of Independence influenced the Articles of Confederation by limiting the power of the executive. The Declaration of Independence served as an inspiration for other countries to overthrow corrupt governments that denied the natural rights to life, liberty, and the pursuit of happiness.

13 Standard 1.4 The Articles of Confederation provided for a weak central government. This was evident after farmers revolted during Shays Rebellion in Massachusetts. The government under the Articles was powerless to provide aid and prompted the elite to push for a stronger national government.

14 Articles of Confederation A Firm League of Friendship Representation 1 per state Population/Equal Taxation No right to tax Right to tax Powers of Congress U.S. Constitution A More Perfect Union Permission from the state In addition to the Articles Congress could tax Amendments unanimous 2/3 of Congress + 3/4 of States

15 The Constitutional Convention May-September, 1787 Philadelphia, Pennsylvania For what purpose? amend the Articles

16 The Constitutional Convention Conflict and Compromise at the Constitutional Convention Virginia Plan New Jersey Plan Great (Connecticut) Compromise Two-house legislature with membership based on population One-house legislature with each state having an equal vote Two-house Congress. House of Representativesbased on population. Senate based equal representation 3/5 Not So Great Compromise 3/5 of slaves in each state could be counted for population

17 Standard 1.5 Delegated Powers Concurrent Powers Reserved Powers Powers belonging to the national government Principles of the Constitution Constitutional (federal) Government Shared powers between the national and state governments Powers belonging to the states; they are NOT listed in the Constitution Federalism power is divided between the national government and the state governments Ordered government Shays Rebellion (1786) Representative government (republicanism)

18 Separation of Powers Legislative Branch Executive Branch Judicial Branch Checks on executive: override a presidential veto Checks judicial: establish lower federal court Checks legislative: veto bills of Congress Checks judicial: appoints federal judges Checks executive: declare actions unconstitutional Checks legislative: declare laws unconstitutional In addition to separation of powers, the Framers proposed a system of checks and balances in order to make sure that the members of one branch of government did not become too powerful or corrupt. Examples: Veto, Treaty Ratification, Judicial Nomination and Confirmation

19 Purpose of the Bill of Rights? List of rights that cannot be denied

20 Standard 1.6 Washington s First Cabinet Secretary of the Treasury Secretary of War Attorney General Secretary of State Hamilton Knox Randolf Jefferson

21 The First Two-Party System FEDERALISTS DEMOCRATIC REPUBLICANS Alexander Hamilton Leaders Jefferson Strong central gov t Federalism Weak central gov t Loose constructionists Expand the powers of national government Constitution Strict constructionists Restrict the powers of the national government Pro-trade with Britain Pro merchant Economy Pro-trade with French Pro agriculture Pro National Bank Anti Pro Protective Tariff Anti North Supporters South

22 Standard 1.7 The Adams Administration Before leaving office, John Adams appointed several Supreme Court judges, who would serve life terms and be able to undermine Jefferson s Republican administration from the bench. These included John Marshall who Adams appointed as Chief Justice of the Supreme Court.

23 The Power of the Supreme Court Marbury v. Madison established the principle of judicial review, which says that the Supreme Court has the authority to interpret the Constitution. This differed from Thomas Jefferson s belief that Congress should interpret the Constitution