Topics. Chesapeake Bay & New England. Growth of Colonial America. Slavery & the Empire. Bacon s Rebellion Salem Witch Trials

Transcription

1 Topics Chesapeake Bay & New England Bacon s Rebellion Salem Witch Trials Growth of Colonial America Middle Colonies Founding of the Carolinas & Georgia Slavery & the Empire Mercantilism Origins American Slavery 1

2 Eastern North America, 1650 Numerous European towns and settlements dotted the Atlantic coastline by mid-century, while Indian populations disappeared or dispersed toward the interior of the continent. 2.

3 Jamestown Colonization Pattern:

4 4

5 Nathaniel Bacon Nathaniel Bacon (The Association for the Preservation of Virginia Antiquities at Bacon's Castle, Library of Virginia) 5 Copyright Houghton Mifflin Company. All rights reserved.

6 6

7 Sir William Berkeley, governor of colonial Virginia 7

8 8

9 9

10 The Great Migration

11 11

12 12

13 13

14 Spectral Evidence

15 In Search of History Salem Witch Trials Salem Witch Trials (16-30) Salem Witch Trial - Full Documentary - The Geographic Channel 15

16 16

17 17

18 Map 3.2 European settlement and ethnic diversity on the Atlantic coast of North America,

19 A Quaker Meeting 19

20 Middle Colonies Pennsylvania 1681, William Penn Society of Friends Quakers believed that liberty was a universal entitlement. Liberty extended to women, blacks, and Indians. Pluralism: No official church 20

21 21

22 Map 3.2 European settlement and ethnic diversity on the Atlantic coast of North America,

23 23

24 24

25 Lower South Carolinas (1729) 1670 South Carolina settled by English from West Indies, Barbados Rice was the cash crop; large plantations Slave conditions worse than in Chesapeake Task system Stono Rebellion s blacks outnumbered whites 25

26 Lower South Georgia 1732 Georgia named after King George II. Group of trustees: James Oglethorpe Haven for debtors Vision of a society of small farmers (500 acres) Slavery and alcohol banned 1750 vision falls apart: slavery is legal Buffer between South Carolina and Spanish Florida 26

27 27

28 The Mercantilist System England attempted to regulate its economy to ensure wealth and national power. 28

29 Video clip: Slavery Discuss how slavery was established in the Western Atlantic world? 29

30 Origins of American Slavery The spread of tobacco led settlers to turn to slavery, which offered many advantages over indentured servants. Englishmen and Africans In the 1600s, the concepts of race and racism had not fully developed. 30

31 A Slave Society By the end of the seventeenth century, slavery began to supplant indentured servitude between 1680 and

32 Slavery in the West Indies By 1600, huge sugar plantations worked by slaves were well established in Brazil and in the West Indies. Sugar was the first good to be mass-marketed to European consumers. 32

33 33

34 34

35 Cutting Sugar Cane an engraving from Ten Views in Antigua 35

36 Yanga, Veracruz Gaspar Yanga Establish first free town in

37 Slavery and the Law The line between slavery and freedom was more permeable in the seventeenth century. Some free blacks were allowed to sue and testify in court. The Rise of Chesapeake Slavery It was not until the 1660s that the laws of Virginia and Maryland explicitly referred to slavery. 37

38 The Rise of Chesapeake Slavery A Virginia law of 1662 provided that in the case of a child born to one slave parent, the status of the offspring followed that of the mother. In 1667 the Virginia House of Burgesses decreed that conversion to Christianity did not release a slave from bondage. 38

39 Slavery and Empire Atlantic Trade 39

40 Map 4.2 The Slave Trade in The Atlantic World,

41 Africa and the Slave Trade Most African rulers took part in the slave trade. The slave trade was concentrated in western Africa, greatly disrupting its society and economy. The Middle Passage 41

42 Freedom and Slavery in the Chesapeake Three distinct slave systems were well entrenched in Britain s mainland colonies: Tobacco-based plantation slavery in the Chesapeake Rice-based plantation slavery in South Carolina and Georgia Non-plantation societies of New England and the Middle Colonies 42

43 Benjamin Latrobe s water color 43

44 Table 4.1 Slave population as percentage of total population of original thirteen colonies,

45 African-American Cultures In the Chesapeake, slaves learned English, and were exposed to white culture. In South Carolina and Georgia: Communities on rice plantations retained significant African cultural elements. 45