México. Arturo Fernández Madrigal Instituto de Energías Renovables UNAM.

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1 México Arturo Fernández Madrigal Instituto de Energías Renovables UNAM Instituto de Energías Renovables 1

2 Outline Introduction Rural Sector Energy Efficiency Capacity Buildings Instituto de Energías Renovables 2

3 Energy Consumption National Energy Consumption (Petajoule) Gross domestic product (thousands of millions of MXN Population (millions) Energy consumption per capite (GJ/person) Electricity consumption (GWh) Electricity consumption per capite (kwh/per) Production (Petajoule) Source: SENER Instituto de Energías Renovables 3

4 Installed electrical power generation capacity by technology Source: SENER Source: SENER Instituto de Energías Renovables 4

5 Electricity Generation by Region Source: SENER Instituto de Energías Renovables 5

6 Renewable Energy Production Source: SENER Instituto de Energías Renovables 6

7 Human resources in energy sector Source: SENER Source: SENER Instituto de Energías Renovables 7

8 Rural Sector Rural and urban population: Rural: less than 2500 people, %; % Urban: more than 2500 people %; % According with the last population census 97.6% of people has electricity at home. Close to 3 millions of people has no electricity, all are rural sector. Close to homes. Instituto de Energías Renovables 8

9 Actual situation Sates with less access to electricity State % Guerrero 6.33 Chiapas 5.88 Oaxaca 7.21 San Luis Potosi 5.58 Veracruz 4.67 Rural areas are isolated and remote In most rural areas the kerosene, firewood, batteries cars are the only option to provide energy and electricity Government sector promote few programs on renewable energies, in rural areas. Instituto de Energías Renovables 9

10 Energy efficiency Energy efficiency programs are concentrate in houses, commercial buildings and equipment and power density. The government sector set up: CONAE (National Commission on Energy Saving, 1998), now CONNUE. FIDE (Trust Fund for saving electricity) CFE (Federal Electricity Commision) Instituto de Energías Renovables 10

11 The NOMs of CONAE The NOM of equipment came first Refrigerators, electrical motors, air conditioning Then came the standards applied to systems Interior and exterior lighting The envelope standards took years NOM-008 (8 years) NOM-020 (20 years) Only the ones apply to equipment are fully satisfied Instituto de Energías Renovables 11

12 The programs of the CFE, FIDE and CONAE CFE (Federal Commission of Electricity) ILUMEX FIDE (Trust Fund for saving electricity) Demonstration projects Data on projects impact Incentive Program Commercial lighting CONAE Public buildings program A large database of commercial buildings Instituto de Energías Renovables 12

13 In the last ten years other actors appear (1) The AEAEE (Association of entrepreneurs for saving energy in buildings) Finds the application of standard thermal insulation through standards (NOMs) Set the thermal zones from degree days Elaborate the NMX-C ONNCCE Brings the concept of Zero Energy Homes in Mexico The INFONAVIT (Institute of Housing Fund for Workers) Along with the INE, the II-UNAM and FIDE, analyze, design and implement the Green Mortgage The CONAVI (National Housing Commission) Produces codes, a MDL programmatic and integrates aspects of sustainability to homes with federal grants Instituto de Energías Renovables 13

14 In the last ten years other actors appear (2) GBC (Green Building Council)-Mexico) It brings the concept LEED. The Commission for Environmental Cooperation. Analyzes integral and regionally the concept of Green Building in North America. promotes the concept of Green Buildings in Mexico The homebuilders They integrate the Green Mortgage Participate in the Zero Energy Homes initiative The SMA-GDF Integrate certification with tax benefits Instituto de Energías Renovables 14

15 In the last ten years are other actors (4) The National Institute of Ecology (INE) Develop a site on sustainable housing Develop a certification system based on commercial buildings Energy Star model Instituto de Energías Renovables 15

16 In the last ten years are other actors (4) Mario Molina Center Integrates the theme of buildings to their topics of study Supports certification initiatives DOW Chemical Organize a working group in the context of AEAEE (Association of enterprises to energy conservation in buildings) Instituto de Energías Renovables 16

17 In recent months From COP-16, have been presented or operate a series of certification initiative INFONAVIT SENER SEMARNAT Mario Molina Center GDF-SMA Instituto de Energías Renovables 17

18 Capacity Buildings A fundamental goal of CB is to enhance the ability to evaluate and address the crucial question related to policy choices and modes of implementations among development options, based on an understanding of environmental options, based on an understanding potential and limits and of needs perceived by people of the country concerned, (UNCED,1992) In particular in sustainability development are identify some obstacles In education, undergraduate students receive monodisciplinary training. deep tunnels instead wide horizons (J. Sarukhan) Researchers show poor ability to establish connections with other disciplines. Lack democracy within research groups. Policies in promotions, career development etc., Instituto de Energías Renovables 18

19 Capacity Building The overall framework for energy management has been establish mainly in terms of legislation (Renewable Energy (RE) law; 35% of total energy production with RE in 2025) and institutions. In particular with renewable energy utilization some efforts have been made by private sectors, and also the government. In terms of human resources training, public universities and technologic institutes promote programs for under and graduate students in renewable energy. Instituto de Energías Renovables 19

20 Capacity Buildings There are two references on studies about Capacity Buildings: Water and Sustainable development. There some lesson to learn. Instituto de Energías Renovables 20

21 Thank you Instituto de Energías Renovables 21