Education and training in the energy field: case México, Cuba and Chile. Tanya Moreno Coronado CCIDTES Energía y Sustentabilidad
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1 Education and training in the energy field: case México, Cuba and Chile. Tanya Moreno Coronado CCIDTES Energía y Sustentabilidad
2 Chile, Cuba and Mexico Population 2012 (World Bank) Chile, Population: million Cuba, Population: million Mexico, Population: million
3 Statistics 2011 Chile Cuba Mexico Energy production (Mtoe) Electricity consumption (TWh) CO2 emissions (Mt of CO2)
4 Final electricity consumption 2011 Chile Cuba Mexico Industry 38,432 3, ,077 Transport ,122 Residential 9,549 6,878 52,505 Commercial and public services 9,354 2,740 22,776 Agriculture / forestry ,154 Fishing Other non-specified ,287 Total (GWh) 57,932 14, ,921
5 Renewables and Waste 2011 Gross electricity generation with Hydro GWh Gross electricity generation without Hydro GWh Chile Cuba Mexico 26, ,964 5, ,698 Gross heat production TJ 247,711 51, ,329
6 Statistics Chile, Cuba and Mexico depend heavily on fossil fuel imports: - Chile and Cuba imports oil. - Mexico and Chile imports natural gas. In electricity generation without Hydro: the renewable energy is less of 3% of the total.
7 Cuba: period The National Energy Commission is created in The energy educational is limited to the cost-saving measures. In 1984 and 1987 is the First and Second National Energy Forum. In national and international scientific conferences is included the subject of energy education as essential to solve the problems arising from the production and use of energy.
8 Cuba: period The Government holds national programs and actions about rational use of energy. It promotes the Electricity Saving Program of Cuba (PAEC). In 1998 the Ministry of Education developed the energy saving program (PAEME), including specific targets for energy education in the syllabi.
9 Cuba: period today Energy savings receives a high priority in the media, newspapers, radio and television. The university courses are include in national television channel. The NGO Cubasolar plays a fundamental role publishing articles for civil society. Cubasolar advises government officials and business. Are undertaken radical changes in the content of basic education programs, pre-university and university to promote energy saving.
10 Cuba: Education in the energy field: Higher Education Only in the fields of Mechanical and Electrical Engineering have content related to energy education as compulsory curriculum. The energy education has scope in teaching postgraduate. Doctoral programs and Master in Energy are underway, which are made according to the needs of each territory. Networks and research centers for Energy Efficiency and Renewable Energy.
11 Chile Due to the high energy dependence was created the National Energy Efficiency Program (EECP) in 2005 In 2010 is created the Chilean Energy Efficiency Agency (AChEE) and they initiated the plan "Building Energy Efficiency in Chile", thinking that education is the vehicle to advance this goal. Have been developed programs around the educational cycle (basic education, technical and university, productive sectors and civil society).
12 Chile The Energy Efficiency Action Plans place emphasis on consumer awareness, education and training of the citizens in general, pupils, students and professionals. It integrates and promotes the labor skills in the energy sector. They have graduate programs in energy efficiency and renewable energies.
13
14 Mexico Due to increasing renewable energy projects in Mexico, have generated more than 3000 jobs in manufacturing, project development, maintenance and operation.
15 Mexico: Major renewable energy companies
16 Mexico Since the first oil crisis world in 1973, in Mexico was promoted university education (Engineering Energy Resources). Mexico promoted public and private institutions of energy efficiency and renewable energy.
17 Mexico Nationally there are more than 70 programs for renewable energy and energy efficiency in technical training and university. More than 20 graduate programs specializing in energy. Additionally, there are other careers/masters/phd offered module in energy.
18 Mexico Education and training of the citizens in general, pupils, students and professionals. The Energy Secretariat (SENER) created the Committee on Labor Competency Management in Renewable Energy and Energy Efficiency (currently are developing more than 5 Standards)
19 Conclusions Cuba, Chile and Mexico need to promote renewable energy as energetic autonomy. It requires the development of skills based on national programs and targets for energy efficiency and renewable energies. The development of renewable energies must be accompanied by energy efficiency.
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