WHI.05a: Ancient Greece: Geography to Persian Wars

Transcription

1 Name: Date: Period: WHI.05a: Ancient Greece: Geography to Persian Wars WHI.5 The student will demonstrate knowledge of ancient Greece in terms of its impact on Western civilization by a) assessing the influence of geography on Greek economic, social, and political development, including the impact of Greek commerce and colonies; b) describing Greek mythology and religion; c) identifying the social structure and role of slavery, explaining the significance of citizenship and the development of democracy, and comparing the city-states of Athens and Sparta; d) evaluating the significance of the Persian and Peloponnesian Wars; Notes WHI.5a: Ancient Greece, Geography to Persian Wars 69

2 Essential Understandings of Ancient Greece, Geography to Persian Wars 1. The physical geography of the Aegean Basin shaped the economic, social, and political development of Greek civilization. 2. The expansion of Greek civilization, through trade and colonization, led to the spread of Hellenic culture across the Mediterranean and Black seas. 3. Greek mythology was based on a polytheistic religion that was integral to the culture, politics, and art in ancient Greece. 4. Many of Western civilization s symbols, metaphors, words, and idealized images come from ancient Greek mythology. 5. Classical Athens developed the most democratic system of government the world had ever seen, although not everyone could participate in decision making. 6. It became a foundation of modern democracies. 7. Contrasting philosophies of government divided the Greek city-states of Athens (democracy) and Sparta (oligarchy). 8. The Greeks defeated the Persian empire and preserved their political independence. Essential Questions about Ancient Greece, Geography to Persian Wars 1. How did the mountains, seas, islands, harbors, peninsulas, and straits of the Aegean Basin shape Greek economic, social, and political development and patterns of trade and colonization? 2. How did mythology help the early Greek civilization explain the natural world and the human condition? 3. What impact did Greek mythology have on later civilizations and the contemporary world? 4. How did democracy develop in Athens? 5. How did Sparta differ from Athens? 6. Why were wars with Persia important to the development of Greek culture? Why do I need to know this? 1. The seeds of much of Western cultural heritage wer planted during this time period. 2. Many political systems in today s world mirror the varied forms of government that evolved in Greece. Notes WHI.5a: Ancient Greece, Geography to Persian Wars 70

3 Map of Ancient Greece Using the pages indicated, label the following on the map. Color where directed. Page 109 Ionian Sea, Aegean Sea, Mediterranean Sea, Mt. Olympus, Thebes (City), Athens (city), Corinth (city), Mycenae (city), PELOPENNESUS, Sparta (city), CRETE, MACEDONIA Color in: Greek Homeland in 750 B.C. (put the color in the key at the bottom) Page 119 Troy (city), PERSIAN EMPIRE, Ionia (you ve already colored it as part of the Greek Homeland from page 109) Greek Homeland in 750 B.C. Notes WHI.5a: Ancient Greece, Geography to Persian Wars 71

4 Ancient Greece Geography 1. Describe the geography of Greece. 2. What was the effect of the mountains on Greece? 3. Why did the Greeks feel the need to colonize? Ancient Greece Minoans ( BC) 1. Where did the settle? 2. Who was King Minos? 3. What was their actual civilization like? Notes WHI.5a: Ancient Greece, Geography to Persian Wars 72

5 Ancient Greece Mycenae ( BC) 1. Who were the Mycenaeans? 2. Trojan War (about 1200 BC) Mythological the Trojan prince,, kidnapped, the beautiful wife of a to war with Probable king (Menelaus), brother of the king of Mycenae (Agamemnon); the Greeks went for 10 years; Greeks pretend to give up and give Troy a (filled with soldiers); the soldiers open the gate to Troy and the Greeks destroy Troy Ancient Greece Dorians ( BC) 1. Who were the Dorians? 2. Who was Homer? Ancient Greece Mythology 1. What is a myth? Who are the following Greek god/goddesses? a. Zeus b. Hera c. Athena d. Apollo e. Aphrodite f. Poseidon g. Hades Notes WHI.5a: Ancient Greece, Geography to Persian Wars 73

6 Forms of Government Directions: Copy the information from the chart on page 117 into the chart below. Make the chart colorful (one color for each category). Then answer the questions below. Monarchy Aristocracy Oligarchy Direct Democracy 1. Which forms of government feature rule based on wealth or property ownership? 2. In which form of government do citizens have the most power? 3. What form of government was practiced in Sparta? 4. What forms of government were practiced in Athens? Notes WHI.5a: Ancient Greece, Geography to Persian Wars 74