SOLAR BIOMASS HYBRID SYSTEM FOR COLD STORAGE & POWER GENERATION. Anand Upadhyay, Research Associate The Energy and Resources Institute

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1 SOLAR BIOMASS HYBRID SYSTEM FOR COLD STORAGE & POWER GENERATION Anand Upadhyay, Research Associate The Energy and Resources Institute

2 1. Background 2. Project 3. System details 4. Future plans

3 Background

4 The Good India is the 2 nd largest producer of fruits and vegetables in the world. Horticulture provides 6.5% of the countries GDP, 13% of employment and accounts for more than 9% of Indian exports with only 9% crop acreage

5 The Bad Harvested fruits and vegetables, worth Rs.60,000 crores (USD 12 billion) are lost due to lack of post harvest handling and storage

6 and The Ugly

7 Short fall of 10 million tones storage capacity Energy costs account for about 30% of operating costs

8

9 Small sized cold storages should be built

10 should be built near agriculture field itself

11 In short Small sized cold storages should be built near agriculture field itself

12 BUT Poor power supply

13 Most of the Indian landscape is blessed with perennial solar energy + biomass in villages

14 In 2006, TERI started working on a concept whereby indigenously available biomass and solar resources could be used to operate small, decentralized cold storage right at the village level

15 Interactions Consultations with National Horticulture Board District Horticulture Offices Central Food Technological Research Institute

16 Elaborate exercise to understand the field requirements

17 The System A 15 kw Vapor Absorption Machine (VAM) coupled with a 50 kw e Biomass Gasifier system and a field of solar collectors. Locally available biomass is used in the Biomass Gasifier to produce synthesis gas, which will then be used to run an engine to produce electricity. Additionally the heat energy from the sun and gasifier is being utilized by the VAM to produce cooling effect in the cold storage

18 The System Solar Dishes Cold Storage Ammonia VAM Biomass Gasifier Gas Engine Electrical Power

19 The System Cold storage Solar dishes Gasifier system VAM

20 To provide 50 kw clean grid quality power Cold storage facility for about 20 tonnes of fruits or vegetables

21 TRNSYS simulation results Initial cooling load profile after product has been loaded in cold chamber TRNSYS model Cooling load over next 30 days after product has been brought to storage temperature

22 Project Site N Located in SEC campus, Gurgaon, near solar parabolic trough collector field The Beginning 22

23 Setting up of system

24 Before & After AFTER BEFORE

25 Technological USPs First of a kind in World State of the ART Renewable Energy Grid Independent System Integration Ammonia based VAM GAX cycle built for sub zero temperature Biomass TERI s Advanced Gasification System Solar Fixed focus concentrating dish Electricity generated from gasifier & gas engine Integration of Biomass gasifier, Solar dishes and Ammonia VAM with Cold storage

26 Specifications Cold Storage capacity Cooling Capacity : 20 MT : 15 kw Cold storage Temperature : 0 to 5 C Gas Engine capacity Biomass consumption : 50 kwe : 60 kg/hr

27 Specific details on solar energy 30% thermal energy met using Scheffler dishes 4 dishes of 16 m 2 each (from Thermax) Detailed hourly simulation done using TRNSYS Hybridization with biomass energy

28 System at site

29 Contd

30 Complete system

31 Size flexibility Power Generation Cold Storage Size Energy Requirement Source Fruits Cooling Duty Biomass Grid quality power for domestic, community, and productive loads Vegetables Flowers* Dairy & Milk* Fish & Meat* (15 to 50 kw) Capacity (20 to 100 MT) Self Sufficient Solar Hybrid * Under development

32 Derivative schemes Energy side variations Biomass Solar Technology Absorption technology for positive temperatures Absorption technology for sub zero temperatures Vapor compression technology for all temperatures Application Horticultural Non horticultural Food processing Deep Freezing

33 Mix n match Scheme A Scheme B Scheme C Biomass coupled with absorption Technology Solar & Biomass Hybrid Coupled with Absorption Technology Biomass coupled with vapor compression Technology

34 Adsorption technologies

35 What all has been difficult Simulating the system for sizing and predicting performance Stakeholders!!! (in plenty) System integration

36 Way forward Current pilot system Long term monitoring and tests to optimize future systems System cost reduction Field replications

37 Thank You!!!