Landolt-Börnstein / New Series

Transcription

1 Landolt-Börnstein / New Series

2 Landolt-Börnstein Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology New Series Editor in Chief: W. Martienssen Units and Fundamental Constants in Physics and Chemistry Elementary Particles, Nuclei and Atoms (Group I) (Formerly: Nuclear and Particle Physics) Molecules and Radicals (Group II) (Formerly: Atomic and Molecular Physics) Condensed Matter (Group III) (Formerly: Solid State Physics) Physical Chemistry (Group IV) (Formerly: Macroscopic Properties of Matter) Geophysics (Group V) Astronomy and Astrophysics (Group VI) Biophysics (Group VII) Advanced Materials and Technologies (Group VIII) Some of the group names have been changed to provide a better description of their contents.

3 Landolt-Börnstein Numerical Data and Functional Relationships in Science and Technology New Series / Editor in Chief: W. Martienssen Group IV: Physical Chemistry Volume 15 Diffusion in Gases, Liquids and Electrolytes Subvolume A: Gases in Gases, Liquids and their Mixtures

4 ISSN (Physical Chemistry) ISBN Springer Berlin Heidelberg New York Library of Congress Cataloging in Publication Data Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Naturwissenschaften und Technik, Neue Serie Editor in Chief: W. Martienssen Vol. IV/15A: Editor: M.D. Lechner At head of title: Landolt-Börnstein. Added t.p.: Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology. Tables chiefly in English. Intended to supersede the Physikalisch-chemische Tabellen by H. Landolt and R. Börnstein of which the 6th ed. began publication in 1950 under title: Zahlenwerte und Funktionen aus Physik, Chemie, Astronomie, Geophysik und Technik. Vols. published after v. 1 of group I have imprint: Berlin, New York, Springer-Verlag Includes bibliographies. 1. Physics--Tables. 2. Chemistry--Tables. 3. Engineering--Tables. I. Börnstein, R. (Richard), II. Landolt, H. (Hans), III. Physikalisch-chemische Tabellen. IV. Title: Numerical data and functional relationships in science and technology. QC ' This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilm or in other ways, and storage in data banks. Duplication of this publication or parts thereof is permitted only under the provisions of the German Copyright Law of September 9, 1965, in its current version, and permission for use must always be obtained from Springer-Verlag. Violations are liable for prosecution act under German Copyright Law. Springer is a part of Springer Science+Business Media springeronline.com Springer-Verlag Berlin Heidelberg 2007 Printed in Germany The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. Product Liability: The data and other information in this handbook have been carefully extracted and evaluated by experts from the original literature. Furthermore, they have been checked for correctness by authors and the editorial staff before printing. Nevertheless, the publisher can give no guarantee for the correctness of the data and information provided. In any individual case of application, the respective user must check the correctness by consulting other relevant sources of information. Cover layout: Erich Kirchner, Heidelberg Typesetting: Authors and Redaktion Landolt-Börnstein, Darmstadt Printing and Binding: AZ Druck, Kempten SPIN: / Printed on acid-free paper

5 Preface Diffusion defined as mass, amount, or particle transport process is the most essential transport property besides viscosity and thermal conductivity. Diffusion is widely used in nature, technical and scientific applications, ranging from diffusion in all kinds of gases, liquids, solids, electrolytes and their mixtures. Due to the large amount of data, the volume LB IV/15 "Diffusion in Gases, Liquids, and Electrolytes" is divided into three subvolumes: Part A: Gases in Gases, Liquids and their Mixtures. Part B: Liquids in Liquids and Liquid Mixtures. Part C: Ions and Electrolytes in Liquids, Electrolytes and Molten Salts. The presented subvolume A includes the main chapters Measurement methods, Diffusion in Pure Gases, Diffusion in Gaseous Mixtures, Diffusion of Gas/Vapor in Gases or Liquids and Diffusion of Gases in Solution. Due to the very different and widespread measurement methods, a precise description of these methods is given. As the amount of data exceeds the available place for printing, additional material exists as an online extension to supplement the book version. The entire volume in PDF format is available on our website You can access and download all data files and electronically search for substances, data, and references by the fulltext search engine and our substance indices. Additionally it is possible to obtain the computerized data from the electronic version for numerical calculations and graphical presentations. The editor wishes to express his thanks to the author J. Winkelmann for this excellent volume which appears 38 years after the corresponding volume of Landolt-Börnstein s 6 th edition, "Transportphänomene I (Viskosität und Diffusion)". The encouraging support of the chief-editor W. Martienssen and R. Poerschke and T. Schwaibold from Springer Verlag is kindly acknowledged. The publisher and the editor are confident that this volume will increase the use of the Landolt-Börnstein. Osnabrück, February 2007 The Editor

6 Editor Prof. Dr. M.D.Lechner Institut für Chemie Universität Osnabrück Barbarastr Osnabrück, Germany lechner@uni-osnabrueck.de Author Prof. Dr. J. Winkelmann Institut für Physikalische Chemie, Universität Halle-Wittenberg Mühlpforte Halle, Germany winkelmann@chemie.uni-halle.de Landolt-Börnstein: Editorial Office Gagernstr. 8 D Darmstadt, Germany fax: +49-(0) Redaktion.Landolt-Boernstein@springer.com Internet:

7 Table of Contents LB IV/15: Diffusion in Gases, Liquids and Electrolytes Part A: Gases in Gases, Liquids and their Mixtures 1 Introduction 1.1 Selection of data Definitions and units Diffusion coefficients Temperature, pressure and density, concentration Arrangement of data Substances and nomenclature Data reduction and correlations References for Measurement methods 2.1 NMR spin echo techniques Optical methods Interferometry Holographic interferometry Light scattering Capillary diffusion methods Closed tube (Loschmidt cell) Two-bulb method Evaporation tube (Stefan cell) Open ended capillary Chromatographic methods Gas chromatography Taylor dispersion method Arrested and reversed flow methods Diffusion in diaphragm cells and through a porous barrier Steady-state methods Gas absorption methods Wetted wall and wetted sphere absorber Laminar liquid jet Bubble collapse and bubble solution N 2 O-analogy Recommended data sets for calibration References for Diffusion in pure gases 3.1 Data References for Diffusion in gaseous mixtures 4.1 Data Diffusion in binary mixtures Diffusion in binary gaseous mixtures Diffusion of gas/vapor in supercritical fluid systems Diffusion of gas/vapor in liquid

8 4.1.2 Diffusion in binary mixtures at infinite dilution Diffusion in ternary and quaternary mixtures References for Diffusion of gas/vapor in gas or liquid 5.1 Data Diffusion of gas/vapor in gas Diffusion in supercritical fluid systems Diffusion of gas/vapor in liquid References for Diffusion of gas in solution 6.1 Data Diffusion of gas in solution Diffusion of gas in electrolyte solution References for