SpringerBriefs in Criminology

Transcription

1 SpringerBriefs in Criminology More information about this series at

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3 Wesley G. Jennings Rolf Loeber Dustin A. Pardini Alex R. Piquero David P. Farrington Offending from Childhood to Young Adulthood Recent Results from the Pittsburgh Youth Study

4 Wesley G. Jennings Department of Criminology University of South Florida Tampa, FL, USA Rolf Loeber Department of Psychiatry University of Pittsburgh Pittsburgh, PA, USA Dustin A. Pardini School of Criminology and Criminal Justice Arizona State University Phoenix, AZ, USA David P. Farrington Institute of Criminology Cambridge University UK Alex R. Piquero School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences University of Texas at Dallas Richardson, Texas, USA ISSN ISSN (electronic) SpringerBriefs in Criminology ISBN ISBN (ebook) DOI / Library of Congress Control Number: Springer Cham Heidelberg New York Dordrecht London The Authors 2016 This work is subject to copyright. All rights are reserved by the Publisher, whether the whole or part of the material is concerned, specifically the rights of translation, reprinting, reuse of illustrations, recitation, broadcasting, reproduction on microfilms or in any other physical way, and transmission or information storage and retrieval, electronic adaptation, computer software, or by similar or dissimilar methodology now known or hereafter developed. The use of general descriptive names, registered names, trademarks, service marks, etc. in this publication does not imply, even in the absence of a specific statement, that such names are exempt from the relevant protective laws and regulations and therefore free for general use. The publisher, the authors and the editors are safe to assume that the advice and information in this book are believed to be true and accurate at the date of publication. Neither the publisher nor the authors or the editors give a warranty, express or implied, with respect to the material contained herein or for any errors or omissions that may have been made. Printed on acid-free paper Springer International Publishing AG Switzerland is part of Springer Science+Business Media (

5 Acknowledgments The authors are greatly indebted to the staff of the Pittsburgh Youth Study, especially Magda Stouthamer-Loeber. Rebecca Stalling effectively assembled the data for analyses, while Jennifer Wilson kindly checked the references. The research on which this book is based was funded by grants from the National Institute of Mental Health (MH056630, MH 48890, MH 50778), the Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (2013-JF-FX-0058), the National Institute on Drug Abuse (DA411018), Pew Charitable Trusts, Office of Juvenile Justice and Delinquency Prevention (96-MU-FX-0012), and the Pennsylvania Department of Health (SAP ). v

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7 Contents 1 Introduction to Criminal Careers Official Criminal Careers Measurement of Official Offending in the PYS Prevalence of Official Offending Age and Crime Continuity in Official Offending Criminal Careers Categories of Official Offenders Summary Self-Reported Criminal Careers Measurement of Self-Reported Offending in the PYS Prevalence of Self-Reported Offending Continuity in Self-Reported Offending Prior Research Comparing Official and Self-Reported Offending Scaling Up Offending Estimates Summary Trajectories of Offending at Age Group-Based Trajectory Modeling Trajectory Model Fit Offending Trajectories: Ages Offending Trajectories: Ages Offending Trajectories: Ages Distribution of PYS Participants across Age-Band Trajectories Summary vii

8 viii Contents 5 Conclusions Official Offending Self-Reported Offending Trajectories of Offending Theoretical Implications Policy Implications Appendix: Pittsburgh Youth Study Publications (Books, Peer-Reviewed Papers, and Chapters) References Index... 73

9 About the Authors Wesley G. Jennings, Ph.D. is Associate Professor, Associate Chair, and Undergraduate Director in the Department of Criminology, has a Courtesy Appointment in the Department of Mental Health Law and Policy, and is a Faculty Affiliate of the Florida Mental Health Institute in the College of Behavioral and Community Sciences at the University of South Florida. In addition, he also has a Courtesy Appointment in the Department of Health Outcomes and Policy and is a Faculty Affiliate of the Institute for Child Health Policy in the College of Medicine at the University of Florida. He received his doctorate degree in criminology from the University of Florida. He has nearly 200 publications, his h -index is 28 ( i-index of 72), and he has nearly 3,000 citations to his published work. He was recently recognized as the #1 criminologist in the world (at his previous rank of Assistant Professor: Copes et al., JCJE, 2013) and the #3 criminologist in the world across all ranks in terms of his peer-reviewed scholarly publication productivity in the top criminology and criminal justice journals (Cohn and Farrington, JCJE, 2014). He is also the author (with David Farrington and Alex Piquero) of a recently published, academic press book with Springer, Offending from Childhood to Late Middle Age : Recent Results from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, and is the author (with Jennifer Reingle) of a recently published textbook with Wolters Kluwer, Criminological and Criminal Justice Research Methods. Rolf Loeber, Ph.D. is Distinguished University Professor of Psychiatry and Professor of Psychology and Epidemiology at the University of Pittsburgh, Pittsburgh, Pennsylvania. He is the Director of the Life History Program and is the initiator of two large longitudinal studies, the Pittsburgh Youth Study and the Pittsburgh Girls Study. He has published widely in the fields of juvenile antisocial behavior and delinquency, substance use, and mental health problems. He is an Elected Member of the Koninklijke Academie van Wetenschappen (Royal Academy of Sciences) in the Netherlands and the Royal Irish Academy in Ireland. Dustin A. Pardini, Ph.D. is an Associate Professor in the School of Criminology and Criminal Justice at Arizona State University. He originally began working with ix

10 x About the Authors Drs. Rolf Loeber and Magda Stouthamer-Loeber as a Postdoctoral Fellow on the Pittsburgh Youth Study at the University of Pittsburgh in 2003, becoming Codirector of the study in He has comanaged the last three longitudinal follow-ups of the PYS participants and led efforts to update the official criminal record database to include offenses that occurred from 2000 to He is currently involved with four grants as Principal Investigator and one as Coinvestigator to continue data collection, analysis, and archiving activities with the PYS samples. Alex R. Piquero, Ph.D. is the Ashbel Smith Professor of Criminology and Associate Dean for Graduate Programs in the School of Economic, Political, and Policy Sciences at the University of Texas at Dallas and Adjunct Professor with the Key Centre for Ethics, Law, Justice, and Governance at Griffith University. From 2008 until 2013, he was Coeditor of the Journal of Quantitative Criminology. He has published over 300 peer-reviewed articles in the areas of criminal careers, criminological theory, and quantitative research methods and has collaborated on several books including Key Issues in Criminal Careers Research : New Analyses from the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development (coauthored with David P. Farrington and Alfred Blumstein) and Handbook of Quantitative Criminology (coedited by David Weisburd). In addition to his membership on over a dozen editorial boards of journals in criminology and sociology, he has also served as Executive Counselor with the American Society of Criminology; Member of the National Academy of Sciences Panel Evaluating the National Institute of Justice; Member of the National Academy of Sciences Panel on Modernizing Crime Statistics; Member of the National Academy of Sciences Panel on a Prioritized Plan to Implement a Developmental Approach in Juvenile Justice Reform; Member of the Racial Democracy, Crime and Justice Network at Ohio State University; and Member of the MacArthur Foundation s Research Network on Adolescent Development & Juvenile Justice. He is also Fellow of both the American Society of Criminology and the Academy of Criminal Justice Sciences, and in 2014 he received the University of Texas System Regents Outstanding Teaching Award. Dr. Piquero received his Ph.D. in criminology and criminal justice from the University of Maryland at College Park. David P. Farrington is Emeritus Professor of Psychological Criminology in the Institute of Criminology, Cambridge University. He received the Stockholm Prize in criminology in He is Chair of the American Society of Criminology Division of Developmental and Life-Course Criminology. His major research interest is in developmental criminology, and he is a Director of the Cambridge Study in Delinquent Development, a prospective longitudinal survey of over 400 London males from age 8 to age 56. In addition to over 650 published journal articles and book chapters on criminological and psychological topics, he has published nearly 100 books, monographs, and government reports.