Stratospheric Balloons

Transcription

1 Stratospheric Balloons NASA Flights: 40km altitude 3000kg payloads Flights up to 50 days 1000 kg and 100 day flights planned

2 Stratos: CSA/CNES collaboration <1 ton payloads <24 hour mid-lattitude flights First CSA 'science' flight in March, 2015

3 From the ground, Noise from the atmosphere dominates quickly above 250 GHz. From the balloon, atmosphere remains mostly harmless through the sub-mm (BLAST is not atmospheric noise dominated). Spectral Lines inaccessible from the ground are accessible (eg, DH, HF). Large scale polarization mapping is possible.

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5 BLAST06 Galactic Plane Map in Vela (l ~ 270) 50 square degrees, 40 resolution at 350m, 250m, 350m and 500m.

6 BLASTpol: BLAST reborn Dust is polarized by alignment of Now dust grains Alignment of dust grains shows direction of magnetic fields Look for correlation with morphology Goal: Determine the role of magnetic fields in the regulation of star formation. [Image: Steve Benton] P h t wi o! n o i t a z i lar Girart et al. 2006

7 BLAST-Pol Flights: Dec 27, days Dec 26, days [Steve Benton] Terminated over the Ross Ice shelf. [Elio Angilè]

8 Polarization Vectors in Vela-C (Analysis ongoing) Preliminary. Not Calibrated. Not final. Do not use for science analysis.

9 BLAST-Pol Collaboration U. Toronto: C.B. Netterfield, S. Benton, L. Fissel, N. Gandilo, J.D. Soler, J. Shariff UBC: D. Scott, E. Chapin, D. Wiebe U. Pennsylvania: M. Devlin (PI), J.Klein, T. Mroczkowski, M. Truch, F. E. Angile, Tyr Holmström Northwestern: G. Novak, T. Matthews U. Miami: J. Gundersen, N. Thomas Brown: G. Tucker, A. Korotkov Cardiff: P. Ade, D. WardThompson, P. Hargrave, E.Pascale, L. Moncelsi, C. Tucker, D. Nutter UCL: G. Savini, F. Poidevin INAF: L. Olmi

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11 [Carlo Contaldi]

12 [Carlo Contaldi] Goal: to detect r >= 0.01

13 [Joy Didier]

14 [Joy Didier]

15 [Joy Didier]

16 SPIDER

17 A balloon borne polarimeter Will map the cleanest 8% of the sky. Six telescopes 3/3 at 90/150 GHz Approximately 2300 detectors Half degree resolution. ℓ = Two science flights: planned 2013/2015 Integrated and deployed Sep 2013 Gov t shutdown eliminated the 2013/14 season in Oct 2013 (Two science flights: 2013/2015)++

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19 Spider's observing region 8% of the sky

20 Pixel Space Direct Detection of r 1 <0.01 for Spider Prefers ~3% of sky For tiny r: Chasing Upper Limits [Farhang]

21 Pixel Space Direct Detection of r 1 ~ for Spider For big r: (If BICEP2 is pure CMB) [Farhang]

22 Dust [Fraisse et al, 2013] Spider dust model from O'Dea et al, 2011 Spider is effected at r ~ Planck XIX suggest p > 10% (and C grows as p ) o l o Conclusion: Spider may see dust in all bands Flight with 280 Ghz band is important.

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24 Wide-field, 0.3 optical imaging from above the Earth s atmosphere

25 The Atmosphere Transmission: Nearly perfect to 300nm Emission: Essentially on the ground (OH lines still above us) Seeing: <1% pressure and several meter turbulent cell size means diffraction limited seeing

26 Stratoscope II: imaging at 27km altitude (we will fly at >35km) Core of M31

27 Flight Opportunities Mid-latitude Super-pressure 100 day goal, Day Night Cycles +Daily solar power +Dark Sky at night +Altitude stability -70 C Ambient DT -2000lb mass budget

28 Balloon-borne Imaging Testbed BIT 0.1 pointing 0.5m Telescope 0.25 resolution Coarse pointing <2 Fine Steering Mirror <0.1 BIT 2015: 8 hours Science Capable Priority will be testing SuperBit 2017: nights Southern Hemisphere Priority will be science Lensing around SZ clusters

29 Many Commercial Components Ascent A29050 CCD and filter wheel Officina-Stelare semi-custom f/10 0.5m telescope PI Peizo Tip Tilt

30 SuperBIT Goals Deep, multicolor imaging of 180 galaxy clusters Gravitational lensing mass measurements Galaxy morphology and size evolution, in cluster environments and surroundings. Field of view 36x larger than HST/ACS Strong lensing of cluster Weak lensing of surrounding environment

31 Ballooning Looking Forward Sub-mm BLASTpol/SuperBLASTpol Spectroscopy CMB B-Mode EBEX Spider Visible/near-UV BIT/SuperBIT 1.2m wide field imager Extra-solar planets

32 Infrastructure and Funding Status 1 to 4 ton, and days: Only NASA can do this. Large Pure Canadian projects are impossible <1 ton, and < 1 day: STRATOS can now do this Small Pure Canadian projects are now possible New CSA FAST grants provide reliable funding opportunities. Total envelope is tight but credible. BUT per-project cap of $0.45M/project is too limiting. Multi-institutional collaboration does not raise the cap. This needs to be (and can be) changed.