Read & annotate first page of primary source handout on Lincoln s evolving views regarding slavery. Be ready to discuss how documents show a

Transcription

1 Read & annotate first page of primary source handout on Lincoln s evolving views regarding slavery. Be ready to discuss how documents show a combination of political pragmatism & moral belief

2 The Civil War (Chapter 14) to test if a nation so conceived can long endure Crash Course US History Civil War #20 & #21-12 minutes each Biography of America Civil War Episode 26 minutes Ch. 14 HW Assignment Due Block 11/16 or 11/17 Answer assigned chapter review question from page 460 in 2 pages. Assessed using short answer rubric Lincoln s 1 st Inauguration, March, 1861 in front of unfinished capital building Symbolism? #1: As the Civil War began, politicians and ordinary citizens in both North and South were supremely confident of victory. Why did the southerners believe they would triumph? Why did the North ultimately win the war? #2: In 1860, the institution of slavery was firmly entrenched in the US; by 1865, it was dead. How did this happen? How did the Union policy toward slavery and enslaved people change over the course of the war? Why did it change?

3 Following the attack on Fort Sumter, 11 states secede to form the Confederate States of America (CSA) 5 slave holding border states stay with union CSA goal to remain an independent nation Lincoln s goal to preserve the united states 4 years of war and 600,000 deaths needed to resolve conflict Why did Lincoln say to an advisor in the first weeks of the Civil War, "I hope to have God on my side, but I must have Kentucky."?

4 Southern View of secession: Legal under compact theory view of the Constitution & the events of the 1850 s showed the Constitutional system was rigged against the South How does this cartoon of King Cotton illustrate the Southern perspective at the start of the Civil War?

5 Northern View: Secession is illegal & the Union must be kept together (with military force if needed) in face of Southern insurrection But Lincoln promises not to interfere with slavery where it already exists. Why??

6 Initial Confederate Advantages Desire Defensive Nature of War Possibility of Foreign Allies Superior Military Officers Northern Opposition to War Which factors are most important? CSA President Jefferson Davis

7 Initial Union Advantages Established Gov t & Military More People, $, Resources Better Transport System CSA Dependence on Slavery & Cotton Strong leadership of Lincoln Union General WILLIAM TECUMSEH SHERMAN This country will be drenched in blood.... [T]he people of the North... are not going to let this country be destroyed without a mighty effort to save it....you are rushing into war with one of the most powerful, ingeniously mechanical and determined people on earth... Only in spirit and determination are you prepared for war In all else you are totally unprepared. Significance of the Quote?

8 Union Anaconda Plan 1) Naval Blockade 2) Control Mississippi 3) Capture CSA capital of Richmond, VA How does cartoon illustrate Union military plans? Plan worked, but in 4 years, not 4 months mainly due to inept military leadership

9 Confederate War of Attrition Plan: Utilize generals like Stonewall Jackson & Robert E. Lee to repel Union attacks with superior tactical strategy & break Northern spirit with prolonged war while waiting for foreign aid

10 How does this cartoon illustrates CSA hopes for British aide?

11 Anaconda Plan Part 1: War on the Sea Northern blockade generally effective Ex: Iron clads fight to draw at the mouth of Chesapeake Southern supply ships cannot get through significance?

12 War brings unparalleled carnage to both sides: Nearly 600,000 die 2% of population but impacts South more

13 Like all wars Civil War was a Rich Mans War, Poor Mans Fight How is quote illustrated in newspaper advertisements below?

14 Emancipation Proclamation (Issued in September 1862 and enacted in January 1863) Frees NO slaves immediately why? Refer to page two of Lincoln primary source handout

15 Impact of Emancipation Proclamation on blacks & the Union army?

16 NYC Draft Riots -- Following Union victory at Gettysburg in the Summer 1863 relevance?

17 Lincoln Limits Civil Rights During War why? Ex: Suspension of Writ of Habeas Corpus

18 Financial Issues of War Why was Northern willingness out borrow, out tax & out spend the South a key to Union vicory?

19 Anaconda Plan Part 2: War in the West for control of the Mississippi to cut South in half. Why are Shiloh & Vicksburg key battles?

20 Anaconda Plan Part III: Capture Confederate capital of Richmond, VA eventually works, but VERY slow & bloody Why are Antietam & Gettysburg key battles?

21 Gettysburg Address (Nov. 1863) Lincoln shifts purpose of war from unity to new birth of freedom Refer to Page two of Lincoln and slavery primary source handout

22 Why were Generals Grant & Sherman key to final Union Victory?

23 Sherman inflicts Total War during March to the Sea with Lincoln s Blessing Timing of these Union victories before Nov election is crucial for Lincoln s re-election Why?

24 Election of Lincoln vs. McClellan Why was election last chance for South?

25 Significance of the 13 th Amendment? Pushed through Congress by Lincoln AFTER 1864 re-election why? Approved by Congress in January 1865 during lame duck period (before new Congress takes power) Ratified in December 1865 after the assassination of Lincoln Officially ends slavery in all states immediately & permanently Complex politics of passage the subject of award winning Lincoln movie

26 2nd Inaugural Address (April 1865) Lincoln finally directly addresses role of slavery in causing the war and looks forward to binding nations wounds Refer to page two of Lincoln and slavery primary source handout

27 Assassination of Lincoln April, 1865 sends Reconstruction process into disarray Chapter 15