Sustainable building in hot and humid West-Africa

Transcription

1 Forum Building Science 2013 Sustainable building in hot and humid - From affordable houses to passive houses Project Pind in Warri Eng. Hugo Monteyne - CEO Passive Office Department for Building and Environment Danube University Krems

2 Building sector in Nigeria Climate Data of Warri Passive House definition for a hot and humid climate Building project in Warri : cost and used technologies Evaluation of PHPP

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6 Building system in Nigeria

7 High energy consumption Concrete brick walls No insulation Current Building Practises in Nigeria

8 comfort Local building materials Sustainability Low energy consumption Concept Design Aspirations

9 Layout offices

10 Humidity Rain Heat Wind Key Climate Challenges

11 Outdoor Temperature Mean maximum and minimum month temperatures

12 Solar Radiation

13 Sun path

14 Relative Humidity and Absolute Humidity Target absolute humidity indoors

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16 Wind speed and Wind direction North South

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19 Shade Dry Breeze Cool Achieving Comfort

20 Ashrae Comfort Zone Ashrae

21 comfort Local building materials Sustainability Low energy consumption The standard is already implemented in hot and humid climates The software can be extended with specific climate data The software is accurate and useful during the design The certification implements verification of the calculation, quality control of important building materials and the measurement of the air tightness of the building. The builder has a guarantee of the energy consumption of the building Passive House Standard

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23 Comfort Zone Passive House Institute

24 Ashrae

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27 Benin City and Port Harcourt Cooling degree hours : Dry degree hours : 5,4 kkh 80,1 kkh The data were developed on the basis of satellite data which were obtained from the NASA Langley Research Center Atmospheric Sciences Data Center POWER Project. Assessment and processing for the use within the PHPP took place at the Passive House Institute. Cooling degree hours : 18,2 kkh 337% Dry degree hours : 99,7 kkh 124%

28 PHPP Meteonorm Passipedia 12 USA-Miami 10,2 9,71 4,85 10 USA-Jacksonville 7,28 8,82 3,83 USA-Tampa 8,37 7,92 3,31 8 USA-Orlando 8,37 5,58 2,73 USA-Jackson 4,22 3,33 3,03 USA-Charleston 3,85 3,33 2,37 USA-Augusta 2,89 2,45 1,78 USA-Birmingham 2,16 2,45 1,64 USA-Atlanta 1,34 1,41 0,45 E-Sevilla 2,68 6,8 3,2 E-Madrid 0,3 1,79 0 E-Lleida 0,45 1,04 0 PT-Lisboa PHPP Meteonorm Passipedia Cooling degree hours year AG N graaduren koeling - jaar Passipedia

29 PHPP Meteonorm Passipedia 60 USA-Miami 49,9 54,1 55,7 50 USA-Jacksonville 32,5 32,3 34,5 USA-Tampa 39,6 40,4 36,8 40 USA-Orlando 36,9 36,2 38,8 USA-Jackson 24,4 23,7 21,5 USA-Charleston 24,8 28,5 25,9 USA-Augusta 19,8 21,5 18,2 USA-Birmingham 18,9 19,8 15,7 USA-Atlanta 16, ,8 E-Sevilla 9,55 6,39 0 E-Madrid E-Lleida 4,45 7,22 0 PT-Lisboa 5 3,46 0, PHPP Meteonorm Passipedia Dry degree hours year AG N graaduren ontvochtiging - jaar Passipedia

30 Meteo stations with solar radiation data (Meteonorm 7)

31 Meteo stations without solar radiation data (Meteonorm 7)

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33 ,9 16,2 12,9 13,6 19,4 21,1 23,3 21,9 20, ,5 18,3 11,8 8,19 8,51 12,2 15,3 16,6 17,4 18,7 21, ,9 15,8 10,3 5,5 4,23 6,51 10,4 12, , , ,3 5,7 2,52 3,33 6,45 9,93 10,7 12,9 9 7,52 7,59 8,89 9,11 6,35 3,51 3,73 6,2 8,09 8,74 10,9 8 5,35 4,33 4,91 6,43 6,57 5,55 5,11 5,03 4,45 4,16 7 6,01 4,63 4,04 4,76 5,27 4,61 2,64 1,55 1,19 6 4,04 4,76 5,27 4,61 2,64 5 5,43 3,62 1, ,5 42,8 42,5 42,2 43,6 42,7 38,9 35,6 34, ,7 40,3 40,4 40,1 40,8 41,8 40,8 37,8 34,8 33,9 33, ,3 39,2 38,6 38,6 32,3 26,7 38,6 36,3 25,6 32, ,7 31,2 34,5 38,4 26,3 20,4 35,4 33,7 33,9 31,3 9 9,13 8,48 20,3 22,3 24,1 27,8 3,63 33,1 33,1 31,8 32,7 8 20,2 10,4 3,9 5,85 19,8 19, ,5 24,9 15,7 7 21,4 21,2 20,2 19,8 20,2 18,2 14,2 3, ,2 19,8 20,2 18,2 14,2 5 18,2 15,4 14,4 AG Cooling degree graaduren koeling hours - - jaar Passipedia Passipedia AG Cooling degree hours - Meteonorm graaduren koeling - jaar Meteonorm

34 Total cooling demand : Alternatively : Cooling load: Total cooling demand: and < 15kwh/(m².a) + 0,3W/(m².a.K)*DDH 44,9 kwh/(m².a) < 10W/m² < 4kWh/(m².a.K) * Te + 2*0,3W/(m².a.k)*DDH 75kWh/(m 96,9 kwh/(m².a) < 45 kwh/(m².a) + 0,3W/(m².a.k)*DDH 74,9 kwh/(m².a)

35 Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) Conventional Concrete Construction 750 kwh/(m².a) Total Cooling Demand Conventional Concrete Construction

36 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) Conventional Concrete Construction 54% of Construction Cost Conventional Concrete Construction 750 kwh/(m².a) Cooling demand building Cooling demand lighting Low Budget Building

37 Indoor temperature Mean Radiant temperature (Surface temperature) Operative temperature Comfort Zone Passive House Institute

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39 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 6% 60% of Construction Cost kwh/(m².a) 545 kwh/(m².a) Cooling demand building Cooling demand lighting Mechanical Ventilation with Humidity Control Temperature 26 C instead of 24 C

40 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 8% 68% of Construction Cost kwh/(m².a) 350 kwh/(m².a) Double Roof Construction

41 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 5% 73% of Construction Cost - 35 kwh/(m².a) 315 kwh/(m².a) Large Roof Overhangs

42 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 6% 79% of Construction Cost - 75 kwh/(m².a) 240 kwh/(m².a) Insulated Ceiling 200mm

43 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 6% 85% of Construction Cost - 20 kwh/(m².a) 220 kwh/(m².a) Insulated Wall 100mm

44 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 4% 89% of Construction Cost - 5 kwh/(m².a) 215 kwh/(m².a) Insulated Floor 100mm

45 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 2% 91% of Construction Cost kwh/(m².a) 115 kwh/(m².a) Air-Tightness

46 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 4% 95% of Construction Cost - 15 kwh/(m².a) 100 kwh/(m².a) Clear Double Glazing instead of Tinted Bronze Single Glass

47 The first passive office building in West Africa

48 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 0% 95% of Construction Cost - 15 kwh/(m².a) 85 kwh/(m².a) Light Coloured Walls

49 Budget Passive House Institute Design Standard 75 kwh/(m².a) + 5% 100% of Construction Cost - 15 kwh/(m².a) 70 kwh/(m².a) Landscaping to Create Shade

50 - Impact of other building components - Humidity transfer via building components is not calculated in the PHPP - Toilets, bathroom and kitchen would be better out of the air tight envelop - Shade and adiabatic cooling of the landscape - Shading coefficient of glass versus daylight Evaluation PHPP for Hot and Humid

51 - Passive buildings in hot and humid climates can decrease the energy consumption with 90% in air conditioned buildings - Different technologies can be implemented in affordable houses to increase the comfort with low cost implication - A Certified Passive Building is a certainty for the quality and energy performance of the building. Conclusion

52 Passive Office Belgium bvba Passive Office Nigeria Ltd. Passive houses for different climate zones - PHI Google earth _1.jpg Source pictures

53 THANK YOU Dr. Arch. Louis Gyoh Arch. Shibata Isona Eng. Hugo Monteyne MSc.