The Superheroes of the Atomic Model Teacher Pack
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1 The Superheroes of the Atomic Model Teacher Pack This pack contains: Four information cards for each of the following superheroes (scientists): Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr Geiger and Marsden A mini poster for each of the following superheroes (scientists): Dalton Thomson Rutherford Bohr Geiger and Marsden Mendeleev Democritus February 2015
2 John Dalton John Dalton was born in 1766 and died in His atomic theory was developed in the 1800s. This scientist revived the ideas of Greek Philosophers, Democritus and Leucippus who thought there was a limit to the size that things could be broken down into. They called these pieces atoms. This scientist discovered that when he reacted two elements together they always reacted in the same proportions. Based on this pattern he stated that elements were made of one type of atom and compounds are formed from atoms of different elements combined together. Mendeleev used this scientist's theories about atoms when he developed the Periodic Table. For example each element is made up from only one type of atom and different types of atom can be ranked by their proportional mass. February 2015
3 Joseph Thomson This scientist discovered the electron in 1897 when he weighed the particles from a cathode ray tube and found they were 1800 times lighter than the Hydrogen atom. This scientist used the discovery of electrons, a smaller part of an atom, to disprove Dalton s theory that atoms cannot be broken into smaller parts. Thomson s model was called the Plum Pudding. He thought the atom was like a positively charged ball with the electrons moving around inside the ball like raisins in a Christmas pudding. This scientist showed that the tiny particles he discovered were identical to those emitted by radioactive and photoelectrical materials. February 2015
4 Ernest Rutherford Ernest Rutherford was born in 1871 in New Zealand. He was part of a large family with many brothers and sisters. This scientist agreed with Thomson s idea that there were electrons but he thought that the positive charge was concentrated at the centre of the atom, which he called the nucleus. This scientist proposed his model of the atom in 1911 after carrying out lots of experiments and was the first person to split an atom. This scientist s proposed model is sometimes called the planetary model because it looks like a mini solar system with each electron orbiting the nucleus in a different path. February 2015
5 Neils Bohr Bohr built upon the ideas previously developed by other scientists especially Rutherford. This scientist s idea that the electrons were arranged at discrete energy levels around the nucleus was published in This scientist's model is named after him. This scientist agreed with Rutherford that in an atom the electrons surround the nucleus. But in his model the electrons are in fixed shells (at discrete energy levels) and there is a maximum number of electrons per shell. February 2015
6 Geiger and Marsden These scientists carried out the Gold Foil Experiment. This involved firing a beam of alpha particles at a thin piece of gold foil. The passage of the alpha particles was then recorded on a detector screen. These scientists expected that all the alpha particles would pass straight through the gold foil; however some alpha particles were deflected even bouncing straight back. This disproved the Plum Pudding model as only a concentrated positive charge could repel the positively charged alpha particles. Geiger and Marsden were students of Rutherford and carried out the Gold Foil Experiment for him at Manchester University. The Gold Foil Experiment was carried out in 1905 by these scientists. February 2015
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9/13/2013. However, Dalton thought that an atom was just a tiny sphere with no internal parts. This is sometimes referred to as the cannonball model.
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