THE ROLE AND OPPORTUNITIES OF FERTILIZER

Transcription

1 THE ROLE AND OPPORTUNITIES OF FERTILIZER PRODUCTION FOR PHOSPHATE RECYCLING Kim ten Wolde ICL Fertilizers Europe

2 Overview o o o o o o o Introduction ICL Fertilizers position Secondary phosphate sources Processing in fertilizer production Future perspective Challenges and issues Conclusion The Nutrient Platform, ESPC 13 November 6th,

3 Introduction o Phosphorus cannot be replaced o Possibility of recycling phosphate Accumulation at WWTP s and animal rendering facilities: now used as landfill o Managing phosphate flows: nutrient platforms Established on a national level in The Netherlands European platform launched at ESPC13 November 6th,

4 ICL Fertilizers position o Used process suitable for secondary phosphates Internal research showed promising results with different secondary phosphates o Production plants in countries with phosphate surplus o Logistically convenient location o Sustainability is key for ICL November 6th,

5 Secondary phosphate sources: Struvite o Crystallisation product: Mg 2+ + NH PO H 2 O MgNH 4 PO 4.6H 2 O o At WWTPs forced struvite crystallisation can save operational costs o Different processes, tested sources: Airprex and Anphos Airprex schematic at WWTP (Stowa, 2012) Anphos pilot plant (Colsen, 2013) November 6th,

6 Secondary phosphate sources: Ashes from mono-incineration Phosphate content Consistensy Low heavy metals Low cadmium Low Fe/Al SewageSludgeAsh +/ Meat- and Bone Meal Ash Wood Ash Rock Phosphate November 6th,

7 Processing in mineral fertilizer production: Struvite o Available P, Mg and NH4: direct value to production o Moisture levels can be a problem for processing o Odour emissions due to organic content o Plant-scale test: PK MgO using SSP, KCl and struvite Airprex-derived struvite from WWTP Lower fluorine and phosphate emissions to environment Airprex struvite crystals(stowa, 2012) PK MgO with struvite November 6th,

8 Processing in mineral fertilizer production: Sewage sludge ash o Non-available P, acidulation necessary o Metal compounds can contaminate phosphate rock on mixing; solo acidulation required o Different acid ratio and additions necessary o Pilot-and plant-scale tests show good acidulation capabilities at Amsterdam o Extensive pilot-scale testing shows good granulation properties in a mixture with SSP and KCl November 6th,

9 Processing in mineral fertilizer production: Meat-and bone meal ash o Non-available P, acidulation necessary o Very similar to phosphate rock, high reactivity o Mixed acidulation with phosphate rock successful o Extensive pilot-scale tests show good availability and granulation properties o Plant-scale test in December 2013 November 6th,

10 Future perspective: Processing mono-incineration ashes at ICL o Better storage and dosing necessary to process more Silos and pneumatic transportation system Correct acidulation mixtures of components o ICL Amsterdam is preparing a multi-million investment November 6th,

11 Future perspective: Other processes in development o Different processes are in development o Main advantage: less contaminants in treated SSA Products from these processes could be used at ICL like mono-incineration ashes Name Current scale PASH Pilot SSA Calcium Phosphate/Struvite Feed Product Method Developer Acid leaching RWTH Aachen ASH DEC Pilot SSA Purified ash Thermal ASH DEC Umwelt AG SEPHOS Laboratory SSA Aluminium phosphate /Calcium Phosphate Acid leaching TU Darmstadt Overview of some methods to recover phosphorus from SSA November 6th,

12 Challenges and issues o Contaminants Possibility of pharmaceuticals/hormones/pathogens in struvite from WWTPs Currently being researched Iron/Aluminium in SSA More difficult processing Heavy metals Guidelines necessary o Legislation EU WG3 proposed heavy metal limits, acidulated SSA meets these limits ppm As Cd Cr Hg Ni Pb Acidulated SSA 6,8 2,6 74,0 0,0 30,7 84,0 Limit WG3 60,00 3,00 100,00 2,00 90,00 140,00 November 6th,

13 Challenges and issues o Market for secondary phosphate Supply of SSA/MBMA/struvite Competitive pricing Marketable products: no contaminations possible o Nutrient platforms can play an important role The Nutrient Platform, ESPC 13 November 6th,

14 Conclusion o Goal: replace 15% phosphate rock with secondary phosphates by 2015 in Amsterdam; up to 100% in 2025 o Processing in fertilizer production proved successful during extensive testing at ICL for both struvite as mono-incineration ashes o Secondary phosphates should pose no threat to environment and health o Legislation greatest challenge Important role for national and EU nutrient platforms November 6th,

15 QUESTIONS?