Michigan Science Grade Level Content Expectations Grades K-6

Transcription

1 A Correlation of Chapter Books to the Michigan Science Grade Level Content Expectations Grades K-6 G/S-137

2 Introduction This document demonstrates how the Chapter Books meet objectives of the. Correlation page references are to the Teacher s Edition and are cited by Chapter Book title. Lessons in the Teacher s Edition contain facsimile Student Edition and ancillary pages. Pearson is proud to introduce our, Kindergarten through Grade Six. Extensive research and analysis is the foundation for Scott Foresman Science and guides the instructional design. Scaffolded Inquiry is built on three levels of inquiry: Directed Inquiry, Guided Inquiry, and Full Inquiry. All three levels engage students in activities that build a strong science foundation and help them develop a full understanding of the inquiry process. How to Read Science Powerful connections between reading skills and science process skills in every chapter advance science literacy for all students. Differentiated Instruction Leveled Readers for every Student Edition chapter teach the same science concepts, vocabulary, and reading skills at each student s reading level. Time-Saving Strategies Time-saving strategies are built right into the Teacher s Edition that will save the teacher hours of time in lesson preparation. Quick Teaching Plans cover the standards even when class time is short. Everything needed for each activity comes in its own chapter bag. With the Activity Placemat and Tray, activity setup takes only 30 seconds. Pre-made Bilingual Bulletin Board Kits save time by creating attractive bulletin boards quickly and easily. Technology brings teaching and learning together in one convenient spot the computer. From sfsuccessnet.com to educational CDs and DVDs, this program provides a variety of interactive tools to help support, extend, and enrich classroom instruction. The Online Teacher s Edition provides access to the same printed content, so the teacher can plan lessons with the customizable Lesson Planner from home or school computers. The Online Student Edition allows students, teachers, and parents to access the content of the textbook from computers at school or at home.

3 Table of Contents Kindergarten 1 Grade One 8 Grade Two 16 Grade Three 24 Grade Four 36 Grade Five 48 Grade Six 60

4 Chapter Books to the Kindergarten SCIENCE PROCESSES Inquiry Process K-7 Standard S.IP: Develop an understanding that scientific inquiry and reasoning involves observing, questioning, investigating, recording, and developing solutions to problems S.IP.E.1 Inquiry involves generating questions, conducting investigations, and developing solutions to problems through reasoning and observation. S.IP Make purposeful observation of the natural world using the appropriate senses. Needs of Plants and Animals: 8-9, Growing and Changing: 30-31, Plants and Animals All Around: 50-51, 64-65, Our Land, Water, and Air: 82-82, Weather and Seasons: , Matter: , Heat and Light: , How Things Move: , , Day and Night: , How Things Work: , , S.IP Generate questions based on observations. Needs of Plants and Animals: 8-9, Growing and Changing: 30-31, Plants and Animals All Around: 50-51, 64-65, Our Land, Water, and Air: 82-82, Weather and Seasons: , Matter: , Heat and Light: , How Things Move: , , Day and Night: , How Things Work: , , Kindergarten

5 The Diamond Edition S.IP Plan and conduct simple investigations. Needs of Plants and Animals: 8-9, Growing and Changing: 30-31, Plants and Animals All Around: 50-51, 64-65, Our Land, Water, and Air: 82-82, Weather and Seasons: , Matter: , Heat and Light: , How Things Move: , , Day and Night: , How Things Work: , , S.IP Manipulate simple tools (for example: hand lens, pencils, balances, non-standard objects for measurement) that aid observation and data collection. Our Land, Water, and Air: Weather and Seasons: How Things Move: How Things Work: S.IP Make accurate measurements with appropriate (non-standard) units for the measurement tool. Our Land, Water, and Air: Weather and Seasons: How Things Move: How Things Work: S.IP Construct simple charts from data and observations. Needs of Plants and Animals: Growing and Changing: Plants and Animals All Around: 64-65, Our Land, Water, and Air: Weather and Seasons: Matter: Heat and Light: How Things Move: , Inquiry Analysis and Communication K-7 Standard S.IA: Develop an understanding that scientific inquiry and investigations require analysis and communication of findings, using appropriate technology. 2 Kindergarten

6 The Diamond Edition S.IA.E.1 Inquiry includes an analysis and presentation of findings that lead to future questions, research, and investigations. S.IA Share ideas about science through purposeful conversation. Needs of Plants and Animals: 8-9, Growing and Changing: 30-31, Day and Night: S.IA Communicate and present findings of observations. Needs of Plants and Animals: 8-9, Growing and Changing: 30-31, Plants and Animals All Around: 50-51, 64-65, Our Land, Water, and Air: 82-83, Weather and Seasons: , Matter: , Heat and Light: , How Things Move: , , Day and Night: , How Things Work: , , S.IA Develop strategies for information gathering (ask an expert, use a book, make observations, conduct simple investigations, and watch a video). Science Songs: Needs of Plants and Animals: 4-5 Growing and Changing: Plants and Animals All Around: Our Land, Water, and Air: Weather and Seasons: Matter: Heat and Light: How Things Move: Day and Night: How Things Work: Trade Book Library: A2, B2, C2, D2 Investigations: Needs of Plants and Animals: 8-9, Growing and Changing: 30-31, Plants and Animals All Around: 50-51, 64-65, Our Land Water and Air: 82-82, Weather and Seasons: , Matter: , Heat and Light: , Kindergarten

7 The Diamond Edition How Things Move: , , Day and Night: , How Things Work: , , Reflection and Social Implications K-7 Standard S.RS: Develop an understanding that claims and evidence for their scientific merit should be analyzed. Understand how scientists decide what constitutes scientific knowledge. Develop an understanding of the importance of reflection on scientific knowledge and its application to new situations to better understand the role of science in society and technology. S.RS.E.1 Reflecting on knowledge is the application of scientific knowledge to new and different situations. Reflecting on knowledge requires careful analysis of evidence that guides decision making and the application of science throughout history and within society. S.RS Demonstrate scientific concepts through various illustrations, performances, models, exhibits, and activities. Art in Science: Needs of Plants and Animals: 5b Growing and Changing: 27b, 29 Plants and Animals All Around: 47b, 49, Our Land, Water, and Air: 79a Weather and Seasons: 101a, 107, Matter: 135b, 137 Heat and Light: 157a, 159 How Things Move: 175 Day and Night: 209b, 225a How Things Work: 227b, 245b PHYSICAL SCIENCE Force and Motion K-7 Standard P.FM: Develop an understanding that the position and/or motion of an object is relative to a point of reference. Understand forces affect the motion and speed of an object and that the net force on an object is the total of all of the forces acting on it. Understand the Earth pulls down on objects with a force called gravity. Develop an understanding that some forces are in direct contact with objects, while other forces are not in direct contact with objects. 4 Kindergarten

8 The Diamond Edition P.FM.E.1 Position- A position of an object can be described by locating the object relative to other objects or a background. The description of the motion of an object from one observer s view may be different from that reported from a different observer s view. P.FM Compare the position of an object (for example: above, below, in front of, behind, on) in relation to other objects around it. How Things Move: , , , , P.FM Describe the motion of an object (for example: away from or closer to) from different observers views. How Things Move: , , , , P.FM.E.2 Gravity- Earth pulls down on all objects with a force called gravity. With very few exceptions, objects fall to the ground no matter where the object is on the Earth. Can be developed from: How Things Move: , , , , P.FM Observe how objects fall toward the earth. How Things Move: , , , , Kindergarten

9 The Diamond Edition P.FM.E.3 Force- A force is either a push or a pull. The motion of objects can be changed by forces. The size of the change is related to the size of the force. The change is also related to the weight (mass) of the object on which the force is being exerted. When an object does not move in response to a force, it is because another force is being applied by the environment. P.FM Demonstrate pushes and pulls. How Things Move: , , , , P.FM Observe that objects initially at rest will move in the direction of the push or pull. How Things Move: , , , , P.FM Observe how pushes and pulls can change the speed or direction of moving objects. How Things Move: , , , , P.FM Observe how shape (for example: cone, cylinder, sphere), size, and weight of an object can affect motion. How Things Move: , , , , LIFE SCIENCE Organization of Living Things K-7 Standard L.OL: Develop an understanding that plants and animals (including humans) have basic requirements for maintaining life which include the need for air, water and a source of energy. Understand that all life forms can be classified as producers, consumers, or decomposers as they are all part of a global food chain where food/energy is supplied by plants which need light to produce food/ energy. Develop an understanding that plants and animals can be classified by observable traits and physical characteristics. Understand that all living organisms are composed of cells and they exhibit cell growth and division. Understand that all plants and animals have a definite life cycle, body parts, and systems to perform specific life functions. 6 Kindergarten

10 The Diamond Edition L.OL.E.1 Life Requirements- Organisms have basic needs. Animals and plants need air, water, and food. Plants also require light. Plants and animals use food as a source of energy and as a source of building material for growth and repair. L.OL Identify that living things have basic needs. Needs of Plants and Animals: 16-17, 18-19, 20-21, L.OL Identify and compare living and nonliving things. Needs of Plants and Animals: 8-11, 12-13, EARTH SCIENCE Solid Earth K-7 Standard E.SE: Develop an understanding of the properties of earth materials and how those properties make materials useful. Understand gradual and rapid changes in earth materials and features of the surface of Earth. Understand magnetic properties of Earth. E.SE.E.1 Earth Materials- Earth materials that occur in nature include rocks, minerals, soils, water, and the gases of the atmosphere. Some Earth materials have properties which sustain plant and animal life. E.SE Identify Earth materials (air, water, soil) that are used to grow plants. Our Land, Water, and Air: 82-85, 86-87, 88-89, 90-91, 92-93, Kindergarten

11 Chapter Books to the Grade One SCIENCE PROCESSES Inquiry Process K-7 Standard S.IP: Develop an understanding that scientific inquiry and reasoning involves observing, questioning, investigating, recording, and developing solutions to problems. S.IP.E.1 Inquiry involves generating questions, conducting investigations, and developing solutions to problems through reasoning and observation. S.IP Make purposeful observation of the natural world using the appropriate senses. Living and Nonliving: 4, 18-19, 23 Habitats: 28-29, 45 How Plants and Animals Live: Life Cycles: 84 Land, Water, and Air: 168 Weather: 180, 186 Movement and Sound: 244 Learning About Energy: 299 Day and Night Sky: 329 S.IP Generate questions based on observations. Living and Nonliving: 4, 18-19, 23 Habitats: 28-29, 45 How Plants and Animals Live: Life Cycles: 84 Land, Water, and Air: 168 Weather: 180, 186 Movement and Sound: 244 Learning About Energy: 299 Day and Night Sky: 329 S.IP Plan and conduct simple investigations. Representative pages: Living and Nonliving: 4, Habitats: 28, Grade One

12 The Diamond Edition How Plants and Animals Live: 52, Life Cycles: 84, Food Chains: 116, S.IP Manipulate simple tools (for example: hand lens, pencils, rulers, thermometers, rain gauges, balances, non-standard objects for measurement) that aid observation and data collection. Living and Nonliving: How Plants and Animals Live: 52 Life Cycles: 84 Land, Air, and Water: , Weather: , Learning About energy: 276, Science in Our World: S.IP Make accurate measurements with appropriate (non-standard) units for the measurement tool. Living and Nonliving: How Plants and Animals Live: 52 Life Cycles: 84 Land, Air, and Water: , Weather: , Learning About energy: 276, Science in Our World: S.IP Construct simple charts from data and observations. Living and Nonliving: Habitats: How Plants and Animals Live: Life Cycles: Food Chains: Land, Air, and Water: Weather: Observing Matter: Movement and Sound: Learning About energy: Grade One

13 The Diamond Edition Inquiry Analysis and Communication K-7 Standard S.IA: Develop an understanding that scientific inquiry and investigations require analysis and communication of findings, using appropriate technology. S.IA.E.1 Inquiry includes an analysis and presentation of findings that lead to future questions, research, and investigations. S.IA Share ideas about science through purposeful conversation. Representative pages: Living and Nonliving: 4, Habitats: 28, How Plants and Animals Live: 52, Life Cycles: 84, Food Chains: 116, S.IA Communicate and present findings of observations. Living and Nonliving: 4, 18-19, 23 Habitats: 28-29, 45 How Plants and Animals Live: Life Cycles: 84 Land, Air, and Water: 168 Weather: 180, 186 Movement and Sound: 244 Learning About energy: 299 Day and Night Sky: 329 S.IA Develop strategies for information gathering (ask an expert, use a book, make observations, conduct simple investigations, and watch a video). Science Songs: Living and nonliving: 6 Habitats: 31 How Plants and Animals Live: 54 Life Cycles: 86, Food Chains: 118, Land, Air, and Water: 150 Weather: 183, 178 Observing Matter: 214 Movement and Sound: 246 Day and Night Sky: 318 Science in Our World: 342 Trade Book Library: A2, B2, C2, D2 Representative Investigations: 10 Grade One

14 The Diamond Edition Observing Matter: 212, Movement and Sound: 244, Learning About Energy: 276, , Day and Night Sky: 316, Science in Our World: 340 Reflection and Social Implications K-7 Standard S.RS: Develop an understanding that claims and evidence for their scientific merit should be analyzed. Understand how scientists decide what constitutes scientific knowledge. Develop an understanding of the importance of reflection on scientific knowledge and its application to new situations to better understand the role of science in society and technology. S.RS.E.1 Reflecting on knowledge is the application of scientific knowledge to new and different situations. Reflecting on knowledge requires careful analysis of evidence that guides decision-making and the application of science throughout history. S.RS Demonstrate scientific concepts through various illustrations, performances, models, exhibits, and activities. Making Models: Food Chains: Land, Water, and Air: 148 Day and Night Sky: Science in Our World: , Art in Science: How Plants and Animals Live: 67, 73 Life Cycles: 95, 105 Land, Water, and Air: 157, 167 Observing Matter: 216 Movement and Sound: 253 Learning About Energy: 287, 295 Day and Night Sky: 335 S.RS Recognize that science investigations are done more than one time. Representative pages: Land, Air, and Water: 148, Weather: 180, , Observing Matter: 212, Movement and Sound: Learning About energy: 276, Grade One

15 The Diamond Edition PHYSICAL SCIENCE Properties of Matter K-7 Standard P.PM: Develop an understanding that all matter has observable attributes with physical and chemical properties that are described, measured, and compared. Understand that states of matter exist as solid, liquid, or gas; and have physical and chemical properties. Understand all matter is composed of combinations of elements, which are organized by common attributes and characteristics on the Periodic Table. Understand that substances can be classified as mixtures or compounds and according to their physical and chemical properties. P.PM.E.1 Physical Properties- All objects and substances have physical properties that can be measured. P.PM Demonstrate the ability to sort objects according to observable attributes such as color, shape, size, sinking or floating. Observing Matter: 212, , , , P.PM.E.2 States of Matter- Matter exists in several different states: solids, liquids and gases. Each state of matter has unique physical properties. Gases are easily compressed but liquids and solids do not compress easily. Solids have their own particular shapes, but liquids and gases take the shape of the container. P.PM Demonstrate that water as a solid keeps its own shape (ice). Observing Matter: P.PM Demonstrate that water as a liquid takes on the shape of various containers. Observing Matter: P.PM.E.3 Magnets- Magnets can repel or attract other magnets. Magnets can also attract certain non-magnetic objects at a distance. P.PM Identify materials that are attracted by magnets. Observing Matter: P.PM Observe that like poles of a magnet repel and unlike poles of a magnet attract. Observing Matter: Grade One

16 The Diamond Edition LIFE SCIENCE Organization of Living Things K-7 Standard L.OL: Develop an understanding that plants and animals (including humans) have basic requirements for maintaining life which include the need for air, water and a source of energy. Understand that all life forms can be classified as producers, consumers, or decomposers as they are all part of a global food chain where food/energy is supplied by plants which need light to produce food/energy. Develop an understanding that plants and animals can be classified by observable traits and physical characteristics. Understand that all living organisms are composed of cells and they exhibit cell growth and division. Understand that all plants and animals have a definite life cycle, body parts, and systems to perform specific life functions. L.OL.E.1 Life Requirements- Organisms have basic needs. Animals and plants need air, water, and food. Plants also require light. Plants and animals use food as a source of energy and as a source of building material for growth and repair. L.OL Identify the needs of animals. Living and Nonliving: 12-13, How Plants and Animals Live: 54-57, 58-61, L.OL.E.2 Life Cycles- Plants and animals have life cycles. Both plants and animals begin life and develop into adults, reproduce, and eventually die. The details of this life cycle are different for different organisms. L.OL Describe the life cycle of animals including the following stages: egg, young, adult; egg, larva, pupa, adult. Life Cycles: 84-85, 86-91, 92-93, 94-97, 98-99, , , Heredity K-7 Standard L.HE: Develop an understanding that all life forms must reproduce to survive. Understand that characteristics of mature plants and animals may be inherited or acquired and that only inherited traits are passed on to their young. Understand that inherited traits can be influenced by changes in the environment and by genetics. L.HE.E.1 Observable Characteristics- Plants and animals share many, but not all, characteristics of their parents. L.HE Identify characteristics (for example: body coverings, beak shape, number of legs, body parts) that are passed on from parents to young. Can be developed from: Life Cycles: 84-85, 86-91, 92-93, 94-97, 98-99, , , Grade One

17 The Diamond Edition L.HE Classify young animals based on characteristics that are passed on from parents (for example: dogs/puppies, cats/kittens, cows/calves, chicken/chicks). Can be developed from: Life Cycles: 84-85, 86-91, 92-93, 94-97, 98-99, , , EARTH SCIENCE Earth Systems K-7 Standard E.ES: Develop an understanding of the warming of the Earth by the sun as the major source of energy for phenomenon on Earth and how the sun s warming relates to weather, climate, seasons, and the water cycle. Understand how human interaction and use of natural resources affects the environment. E.ES.E.1 Solar Energy- The sun warms the land, air and water and helps plants grow. E.ES Identify the sun as the most important source of heat which warms the land, air, and water of the Earth. Weather: , , , , , E.ES Demonstrate the importance of sunlight and warmth in plant growth. Living and Nonliving: How Plants and Animals Live: E.ES.E.2 Weather- Weather changes from day to day and over the seasons. E.ES Compare daily changes in the weather related to temperature (cold, hot, warm, cool); cloud cover (cloudy, partly cloudy, foggy) precipitation (rain, snow, hail, freezing rain); wind (breezy, windy, calm). Weather: , , , , , E.ES Describe and compare weather related to the four seasons in terms of temperature, cloud cover, precipitation, and wind. Weather: E.ES Describe severe weather events. Weather: , , , , , Grade One

18 The Diamond Edition E.ES Describe precautions that should be taken for human safety during severe weather conditions (thunderstorms, lightning, tornadoes, high winds, blizzards, hurricanes). Weather: , , , , , E.ES.E.3 Weather Measurement- Scientists use tools for observing, recording, and predicting weather changes. E.ES Identify the tools that might be used to measure temperature, precipitation, cloud cover and wind. Weather: E.ES Observe and collect data of weather conditions over a period of time. Weather: 180, , Solid Earth K-7 Standard E.SE: Develop an understanding of the properties of earth materials and how those properties make materials useful. Understand gradual and rapid changes in earth materials and features of the surface of Earth. Understand magnetic properties of Earth. E.SE.E.1 Earth Materials- Earth materials that occur in nature include rocks, minerals, soils, water, and the gases of the atmosphere. Some Earth materials have properties which sustain plant and animal life. E.SE Describe how Earth materials contribute to the growth of plant and animal life. Land, Air, and Water: , Grade One

19 Chapter Books to the SCIENCE PROCESSES Inquiry Process Grade Two K-7 Standard S.IP: Develop an understanding that scientific inquiry and reasoning involves observing, questioning, investigating, recording, and developing solutions to problems. S.IP.E.1 Inquiry involves generating questions, conducting investigations, and developing solutions to problems through reasoning and observation. S.IP Make purposeful observation of the natural world using the appropriate senses. Representative pages: All About Plants: 4, All About Animals: 36, How Plants and Animals Live Together: 68, How Living Things Grow and Change: 100, , , 140 S.IP Generate questions based on observations. Representative pages: Earth s Land, Air and Water: Earth s Weather and Seasons: 172, Fossils and Dinosaurs: 204, , Properties of Matter: 236, Energy: 268, S.IP Plan and conduct simple investigations. Representative pages: Fossils and Dinosaurs: Properties of Matter: 236, Energy: 268, Forces and Motion: 300, Sound: 332, , S.IP Manipulate simple tools (ruler, meter stick, measuring cups, hand lens, thermometer, balance) that aid observation and data collection. Earth s Land, Air and Water: Grade Two

20 The Diamond Edition Properties of Matter: Forces and Motion: Sound: 332 Technology in Our World: 396, S.IP Make accurate measurements with appropriate units (meter, centimeter) for the measurement tool. Earth s Land, Air and Water: 140 Properties of Matter: Forces and Motion: Sound: 332 Technology in Our World: 396, S.IP Construct simple charts and graphs from data and observations. All About Animals: How Living Things Grow and Change: 100 Earth s Land, Air and Water: 163 Earth s Weather and Seasons: 177 Fossils and Dinosaurs: Sound: Earth and Space: Inquiry Analysis and Communication K-7 Standard S.IA: Develop an understanding that scientific inquiry and investigations require analysis and communication of findings, using appropriate technology. S.IA.E.1 Inquiry includes an analysis and presentation of findings that lead to future questions, research, and investigations. S.IA Share ideas about science through purposeful conversation. All About Animals: 56-57, 61 Fossils and Dinosaurs: , 223 Forces and Motion: , 327 Earth and Space: 389 Technology in Our World: 396, S.IA Communicate and present findings of observations. All About Animals: 56-57, 61 Fossils and Dinosaurs: , 223 Forces and Motion: , Grade Two

21 The Diamond Edition Earth and Space: 389 Technology in Our World: 396, S.IA Develop strategies and skills for information gathering and problem solving (books, internet, ask an expert, observation, investigation, technology tools). Science Songs: All About Plants: 6 All About Animals: 38 How Plants and Animals Live Together: 70 How Living Things Grow and Change: 102 Earth s Land, Air, and Water: 142 Earth s Weather and Seasons: 174 Fossils and Dinosaurs: 206 Properties of Matter: 238 Energy: 270 Forces and Motion: 302 Sound: 334 Earth and Space: 366 Technology in Our World: 398 Trade Book Library: A2, B2, C2, D2 Representative investigations: Fossils and Dinosaurs: Properties of Matter: 236, Energy: 268, Forces and Motion: 300, Sound: 332, , Reflection and Social Implications K-7 Standard S.RS: Develop an understanding that claims and evidence for their scientific merit should be analyzed. Understand how scientists decide what constitutes scientific knowledge. Develop an understanding of the importance of reflection on scientific knowledge and its application to new situations to better understand the role of science in society and technology. S.RS.E.1 Reflecting on knowledge is the application of scientific knowledge to new and different situations. Reflecting on knowledge requires careful analysis of evidence that guides decision-making and the application of science throughout history and within society. 18 Grade Two

22 The Diamond Edition S.RS Demonstrate scientific concepts through various illustrations, performances, models, exhibits, and activities. Art Link: All About Animals: 47 Fossils and Dinosaurs: 215 Properties of Matter: 249 Energy: 273 Earth and Space: 371, 373 Make a Model: All About Animals: How Plants and Animals Live Together: How Living Things Grow and Change: 132 Fossils and Dinosaurs: Earth and Space: , 384 S.RS Recognize that when a science investigation is done the way it was done before, similar results are expected. Representative pages: All About Plants: 4, All About Animals: 36, How Plants and Animals Live Together: 68, How Living Things Grow and Change: 100, , Earth s Land, Air and Water: 140 S.RS Use evidence when communicating scientific ideas. All About Animals: 56-57, 61 Fossils and Dinosaurs: , 223 Forces and Motion: , 327 Earth and Space: 389 Technology in Our World: , 411 S.RS Identify technology used in everyday life. Technology link: How Plants and Animals Live Together: 85 Earth s Weather and Seasons: 201 Forces and Motion: 304 Sound: 338, 361 Earth and Space: 381, , , , , , Grade Two

23 The Diamond Edition PHYSICAL SCIENCE Properties of Matter K-7 Standard P.PM: Develop an understanding that all matter has observable attributes with physical and chemical properties that are described, measured, and compared Understand that states of matter exist as solid, liquid, or gas; and have physical and chemical properties. Understand all matter is composed of combinations of elements, which are organized by common attributes and characteristics on the Periodic Table. Understand that substances can be classified as mixtures or compounds and according to their physical and chemical properties. P.PM.E.1 Physical Properties- All objects and substances have physical properties that can be measured. P.PM Describe objects and substances according to their properties (color, size, shape, texture, hardness, liquid or solid, sinking or floating). Properties of Matter: , , P.PM Measure the length of objects using rulers (centimeters) and meter sticks (meters). Sound: 332 P.PM Measure the volume of liquids using common measuring tools (measuring cups, measuring spoons). Properties of Matter: 236, P.PM Compare the weight of objects using balances. Technology in Our World: P.PM.E.4 Material Composition- Some objects are composed of a single substance, while other objects are composed of more than one substance. P.PM Classify objects as single substances (ice, silver, sugar, salt) or mixtures (salt and pepper, mixed dry beans). Properties of Matter: , , Grade Two

24 The Diamond Edition LIFE SCIENCE Organization of Living Things K-7 Standard L.OL: Develop an understanding that plants and animals (including humans) have basic requirements for maintaining life which include the need for air, water and a source of energy. Understand that all life forms can be classified as producers, consumers, or decomposers as they are all part of a global food chain where food/energy is supplied by plants which need light to produce food/energy. Develop an understanding that plants and animals can be classified by observable traits and physical characteristics. Understand that all living organisms are composed of cells and they exhibit cell growth and division. Understand that all plants and animals have a definite life cycle, body parts, and systems to perform specific life functions. L.OL.E.1 Life Requirements- Organisms have basic needs. Animals and plants need air, water, and food. Plants also require light. Plants and animals use food as a source of energy and as a source of building material for growth and repair. L.OL Identify the needs of plants. All About Plants: 4-6, 7-9 How Plants and Animals Live Together: L.OL.E.2 Life Cycles- Plants and animals have life cycles. Both plants and animals begin life and develop into adults, reproduce, and eventually die. The details of this life cycle are different for different organisms. L.OL Describe the life cycle of familiar flowering plants including the following stages: seed, plant, flower, and fruit. How Living Things Grow and Change: , , , , , , , Heredity K-7 Standard L.HE: Develop an understanding that all life forms must reproduce to survive. Understand that characteristics of mature plants and animals may be inherited or acquired and that only inherited traits are passed on to their young. Understand that inherited traits can be influenced by changes in the environment and by genetics. L.HE.E.1 Observable Characteristics- Plants and animals share many, but not all, characteristics of their parents. 21 Grade Two

25 The Diamond Edition L.HE Identify characteristics of plants (for example: leaf shape, flower type, color, size) that are passed on from parents to young. All About Plants: 7-9, 10-11, How Living Things Grow and Change: EARTH SCIENCE Solid Earth K-7 Standard E.SE: Develop an understanding of the properties of earth materials and how those properties make materials useful. Understand gradual and rapid changes in earth materials and features of the surface of Earth. Understand magnetic properties of Earth. E.SE.E.2 Surface Changes- The surface of Earth changes. Some changes are due to slow processes, such as erosion and weathering, and some changes are due to rapid processes, such as landslides, volcanic eruptions, and earthquakes. E.SE Describe the major landforms of the surface of the Earth (mountains, plains, plateaus, valleys, hills). Earth s Land, Air and Water: , , , Fluid Earth K-7 Standard E.FE: Develop an understanding that Earth is a planet nearly covered with water and that water on Earth can be found in three states, solid, liquid, and gas. Understand how water on Earth moves in predictable patterns. Understand Earth s atmosphere as a mixture of gases and water vapor. E.FE.E.1 Water- Water is a natural resource and is found under the ground, on the surface of the earth, and in the sky. It exists in three states (liquid, solid, gas) and can go back and forth from one form to another. E.FE Identify water sources (wells, springs, lakes, rivers, oceans). Earth s Land, Air and Water: Earth s Weather and Seasons: E.FE Identify household uses of water (drinking, cleaning, food preparation). Earth s Land, Air and Water: Earth s Weather and Seasons: Grade Two

26 The Diamond Edition E.FE Describe the properties (visible, flowing, melting, dew) of water as a liquid (lakes, rivers, streams, oceans). Earth s Land, Air and Water: Earth s Weather and Seasons: E.FE Describe the properties (hard, visible, freezing, ice) of water as a solid (ice, snow, iceberg, sleet, hail). Earth s Land, Air and Water: Earth s Weather and Seasons: Properties of Matter: E.FE.E.2 Water Movement- Water moves in predictable patterns. E.FE Describe how rain collects on the surface of the Earth and flows downhill into bodies of water (streams, rivers, lakes, oceans) or into the ground. Earth s Land, Air and Water: Earth s Weather and Seasons: E.FE Describe the major bodies of water on the Earth s surface (lakes, ponds, oceans, rivers, streams). Earth s Land, Air and Water: Earth s Weather and Seasons: Grade Two

27 Chapter Books to the Grade Three SCIENCE PROCESSES Inquiry Process K-7 Standard S.IP: Develop an understanding that scientific inquiry and reasoning involves observing, questioning, investigating, recording, and developing solutions to problems. S.IP.E.1 Inquiry involves generating questions, conducting investigations, and developing solutions to problems through reasoning and observation. S.IP Make purposeful observation of the natural world using the appropriate senses. Representative pages: Plants and How They Grow: 4, How Animals Live: 36, Where Plants and Animals Live: 68, Plants and Animals Living Together: 100, , Water: 148 S.IP Generate questions based on observations. Representative pages: Water: Weather: 172, Rocks and Soil: 196, Changes on Earth: 220, Natural Resources: 244, , S.IP Plan and conduct simple and fair investigations. Science fair projects: Plants and Animals Living Together: 144 Natural Resources: 272 Sound: 416 Science in Our Lives: Grade Three

28 The Diamond Edition S.IP Manipulate simple tools that aid observation and data collection (for example: hand lens, balance, ruler, meter stick, measuring cup, thermometer, spring scale, stop watch/timer). Where Plants and Animals Live: Water: 148 Weather: Rocks and Soil: Natural Resources: Matter and Its Properties: Changes in Matter: Energy: 356, Sound: The Solar System: 452, Science in Our Lives: 476, S.IP Make accurate measurements with appropriate units (centimeters, meters, Celsius, grams, seconds, minutes) for the measurement tool. Where Plants and Animals Live: Water: 148 Weather: Rocks and Soil: Natural Resources: Matter and Its Properties: Changes in Matter: Energy: 356, Sound: The Solar System: 452, Science in Our Lives: 476, S.IP Construct simple charts and graphs from data and observations. Inquiry Analysis and Communication Plants and How They Grow: Where Plants and Animals Live: 90-91, 94 Plants and Animals Living Together: 133 Weather: Changes on Earth: 235 Matter and Its Properties: Grade Three

29 The Diamond Edition K-7 Standard S.IA: Develop an understanding that scientific inquiry and investigations require analysis and communication of findings, using appropriate technology. S.IA.E.1 Inquiry includes an analysis and presentation of findings that lead to future questions, research, and investigations. S.IA Summarize information from charts and graphs to answer scientific questions. Plants and How They Grow: Where Plants and Animals Live: 90-9, 94 Plants and Animals Living Together: 133 Weather: Changes on Earth: 235 Matter and Its Properties: 291 S.IA Share ideas about science through purposeful conversation in collaborative groups. Plants and Animals Living Together: 143 Natural Resources: 271 Forces and Motion: 324, 356 Sound: 415 Science in Our Lives: 511 S.IA Communicate and present findings of observations and investigations. Plants and Animals Living Together: 143 Natural Resources: 271 Forces and Motion: 324, 356 Sound: 415 Science in Our Lives: 511 S.IA Develop research strategies and skills for information gathering and problem solving. Representative pages: Matter and Its Properties: 276, Changes in Matter: 300, Forces and Motion: 324, Energy: 356, Sound: 388, Grade Three

30 The Diamond Edition S.IA Compare and contrast sets of data from multiple trials of a science investigation to explain reasons for differences. Representative pages: Sound: 388, , Patterns in the Sky: 420, The Solar System: 452, Science in Our Lives: 476, , Reflection and Social Implications K-7 Standard S.RS: Develop an understanding that claims and evidence for their scientific merit should be analyzed. Understand how scientists decide what constitutes scientific knowledge. Develop an understanding of the importance of reflection on scientific knowledge and its application to new situations to better understand the role of science in society and technology. S.RS.E.1 Reflecting on knowledge is the application of scientific knowledge to new and different situations. Reflecting on knowledge requires careful analysis of evidence that guides decision-making and the application of science throughout history and within society. S.RS Demonstrate scientific concepts through various illustrations, performances, models, exhibits, and activities. Art Link: Plants and How They Grow: 13 Plants and Animals Living Together: 108 Water: 159 Natural Resources: 257 Changes in Matter: 307 Energy: 371 Patterns in the Sky: 439 The Solar System: 464 Science in Our Lives: 488 Making models: How Animals Live: 36 Rocks and Soil: 196, 215 Changes on Earth: 220, 235, 238 Natural Resources: 258 Patterns in the Sky: 440 The Solar System: 452, 466, 471 Science in Our Lives: , Grade Three

31 The Diamond Edition S.RS Use data/samples as evidence to separate fact from opinion. Plants and Animals Living Together: 143 Natural Resources: 271 Forces and Motion: 324 Energy: 356 Sound: 415 Science in Our Lives: 511 S.RS Use evidence when communicating scientific ideas. Plants and How They Grow: Where Plants and Animals Live: 90-91, 94 Plants and Animals Living Together: 133 Weather: Changes on Earth: 235 Matter and Its Properties: 291 S.RS Identify technology used in everyday life. Technology Links: Plants and How They Grow: 19 Changes in Matter: 303 Forces and Motion: 329, 336 Sound: 392 Patterns in the Sky: 425, 434 The Solar System: 456, 459, Science in Our Lives: , , , S.RS Identify current problems that may be solved through the use of technology. Science in Our Lives: , , , S.RS Describe the effect humans and other organisms have on the balance of the natural world. Technology in Science: Where Plants and Animals Live: 87 Plants and Animals Living Together: 127 Changes in Matter: 303 The Solar System: 463 Science in Our Lives: Grade Three

32 The Diamond Edition S.RS Describe how people have contributed to science throughout history and across cultures. Technology in Science: Where Plants and Animals Live: 87 Plants and Animals Living Together: 127 Changes in Matter: 303 The Solar System: 463 Science in Our Lives: 487 PHYSICAL SCIENCE Force and Motion K-7 Standard P.FM: Develop an understanding that the position and/or motion of an object is relative to a point of reference. Understand forces affect the motion and speed of an object and that the net force on an object is the total of all of the forces acting on it. Understand the Earth pulls down on objects with a force called gravity. Develop an understanding that some forces are in direct contact with objects, while other forces are not in direct contact with objects. P.FM.E.2 Gravity- Earth pulls down on all objects with a force called gravity. With very few exceptions, objects fall to the ground no matter where the object is on the Earth. P.FM Identify the force that pulls objects towards the Earth. Forces and Motion: , P.FM.E.3 Force- A force is either a push or a pull. The motion of objects can be changed by forces. The size of the change is related to the size of the force. The change is also related to the weight (mass) of the object on which the force is being exerted. When an object does not move in response to a force, it is because another force is being applied by the environment. P.FM Describe how a push or a pull is a force. Forces and Motion: , P.FM Relate a change in motion of an object to the force that caused the change of motion. Forces and Motion: , P.FM Demonstrate how the change in motion of an object is related to the strength of the force acting upon the object and to the mass of the object. Forces and Motion: , Grade Three

33 The Diamond Edition P.FM Demonstrate when an object does not move in response to a force, it is because another force is acting on it. Forces and Motion: , P.FM.E.4 Speed- An object is in motion when its position is changing. The speed of an object is defined by how far it travels divided by the amount of time it took to travel that far. P.FM Compare and contrast the motion of objects in terms of direction. Forces and Motion: , P.FM Identify changes in motion (change direction, speeding up, slowing down). Forces and Motion: , P.FM Calculate the speed of an object based on the distance it travels divided by the amount of time it took to travel that distance. Forces and Motion: Energy K-7 Standard P.EN: Develop an understanding that there are many forms of energy (such as heat, light, sound, and electrical) and that energy is transferable by convection, conduction, or radiation. Understand energy can be in motion, called kinetic; or it can be stored, called potential. Develop an understanding that as temperature increases, more energy is added to a system. Understand nuclear reactions in the sun produce light and heat for the Earth. P.EN.E.1 Forms of Energy- Heat, electricity, light, and sound are forms of energy. P.EN Identify light and sound as forms of energy. Energy: , , , , Sound: P.EN.E.2 Light Properties- Light travels in straight lines. Shadows result from light not being able to pass through an object. When light travels at an angle from one substance to another (air and water), it changes direction. 30 Grade Three

34 The Diamond Edition P.EN Demonstrate that light travels in a straight line and that shadows are made by placing an object in a path of light. Energy: P.EN Demonstrate what happens to light when it travels from water to air. (straw half in water looks bent). Energy: P.EN.E.3 Sound- Vibrating objects produce sound. The pitch of sound varies by changing the rate of vibration. P.EN Relate sounds to their sources of vibrations (for example: a musical note produced by a vibrating guitar string, the sounds of a drum made by the vibrating drum head). Sound: , P.EN Distinguish the effect of fast or slow vibrations as pitch. Sound: , Properties of Matter K-7 Standard P.PM: Develop an understanding that all matter has observable attributes with physical and chemical properties that are described, measured, and compared. Understand that states of matter exist as solid, liquid, or gas; and have physical and chemical properties. Understand all matter is composed of combinations of elements, which are organized by common attributes and characteristics on the Periodic Table. Understand that substances can be classified as mixtures or compounds and according to their physical and chemical properties. P.PM.E.5 Conductive and Reflective Properties- Objects vary to the extent they absorb and reflect light energy and conduct heat and electricity. P.PM Demonstrate how some materials are heated more than others by light that shines on them. Energy: Grade Three

35 The Diamond Edition P.PM Explain how we need light to see objects: light from a source reflects off objects and enters our eyes. Energy: LIFE SCIENCE Organization of Living Things K-7 Standard L.OL: Develop an understanding that plants and animals (including humans) have basic requirements for maintaining life which include the need for air, water and a source of energy. Understand that all life forms can be classified as producers, consumers, or decomposers as they are all part of a global food chain where food/energy is supplied by plants which need light to produce food/energy. Develop an understanding that plants and animals can be classified by observable traits and physical characteristics. Understand that all living organisms are composed of cells and they exhibit cell growth and division. Understand that all plants and animals have a definite life cycle, body parts, and systems to perform specific life functions. L.OL.E.3 Structures and Functions- Organisms have different structures that serve different functions in growth, survival, and reproduction. L.OL Describe the function of the following plant parts: flower, stem, root and leaf. Plants and How They Grow: 6-9, L.OL Identify and compare structures in animals used for controlling body temperature, support, movement, food-getting, and protection (for example: fur, wings, teeth, claws). How Animals Live: L.OL.E.4 Classification- Organisms can be classified on the basis of observable characteristics. L.OL Classify plants on the basis of observable physical characteristics (roots, leaves, stems, and flowers). Plants and How They Grow: L.OL Classify animals on the basis of observable physical characteristics (backbone, skin, shell, limbs, scales). How Animals Live: Grade Three

36 The Diamond Edition Evolution K-7 Standard L.EV: Develop an understanding that plants and animals have observable parts and characteristics that help them survive and flourish in their environments. Understand that fossils provide evidence that life forms have changed over time and were influenced by changes in environmental conditions. Understand that life forms either change (evolve) over time or risk extinction due to environmental changes and describe how scientists identify the relatedness of various organisms based on similarities in anatomical features. L.EV.E.1 Environmental Adaptation- Different kinds of organisms have characteristics that help them to live in different environments. L.EV Relate characteristics and functions of observable parts in a variety of plants that allow them to live in their environment (for example: leaf shape, thorns, odor, color). Plants and How They Grow: How Animals Live: 48-53, L.EV Relate characteristics and functions of observable body parts to the ability of animals to live in their environment (for example: sharp teeth, claws, color, body covers). Plants and How They Grow: How Animals Live: 48-53, EARTH SCIENCE Earth Systems K-7 Standard E.ES: Develop an understanding of the warming of the Earth by the sun as the major source of energy for phenomenon on Earth and how the sun s warming relates to weather, climate, seasons, and the water cycle. Understand how human interaction and use of natural resources affects the environment. E.ES.E.4 Natural Resources- The supply of many natural resources is limited. Humans have devised methods for extending their use of natural resources through recycling, reuse, and renewal. E.ES Identify natural resources (metals, fuels, fresh water, farmland, and forests). Natural Resources: , , Grade Three