The State of Free GIS in Estado de la tecnica de GIS/SIG libre 2012

Transcription

1 The State of Free GIS in 2012 Estado de la tecnica de GIS/SIG libre 2012 (SIG Sistema de Informacion Geografica) Stefan Steiniger 1 / 253

2 Quien.... conoce software libre?. conoce el concepto/la idea de software libre?. esta trabajando son SIG; a veces? 2 / 253

3 Outline 1. What is GIS? GIS/SIG que es? 2. What is Free software? Software libre que es? 3. An overview on free GIS SIG libre vision de conjunto 4. Free data and spatial tools for transportation Datos y heramientas libre por transporte 3 / 253

4 Uso de SIG Utility management Mapping & surveying emergency and disaster services 4 / 253

5 Uso de SIG en Transporte ArcLogistics - possible questions (ESRI.com 2009): - What is the best route for my delivery trucks? - How should I schedule my deliveries? - What is the best way to optimize my territory? - How can I optimize my fleet to meet service goals and minimize costs? 5 / 253

6 Typos de software de SIG Ejemplo transporte Online Route Planner: Web Server Usario: Web Route Planner WebMap Server INTERNET Plannificador de rutas (motor) Base de datos Admin Crear datos 6 / 253

7 Typos de software de SIG Ejemplo transporte Online Route Planner - software: Web Server Web-Map Server INTERNET Map client Server GIS & computing library Spatial DBMS Desktop GIS 7 / 253

8 Software SIG libre estado de tecnica......un momento! Que significa libre? 8 / 253

9 Software libre OSS on the Desktop: Mozilla Firefox (browser) & Thunderbird ( client) OpenOffice - escribir Inkscape (vektor) & GIMP (images) - dibujar FreeMind PDFCreator VideoLan Player (VLC) JabRef bibliography tool MikTex & TeXnicCenter OpenOffice Miranda IM - messenger R, SciLab, GStat - statistics VLC FreeMind JabRef SciLab GIMP R 9 Wikipedia/en / 253 images:

10 Que es software libre? The term free software is clearly defined by the Free Software Foundation ( Free Open Source Software (FOSS) meets 4 Constraints ( 1. The freedom to run the program, for any purpose (freedom 0) 2. The freedom to study how the program works, and adapt it to your needs (freedom 1). 3. The freedom to redistribute copies so you can help your neighbor (freedom 2). 4. The freedom to improve the program, and release your improvements to the public, so that the whole community benefits (freedom 3). Freedoms : not free for download 10 / 253

11 software classification Free Software Proprietary Software Freeware?commercial software? Proprietary = All Software (Free & Open Source Software) 11 / 253

12 Quien hace software libre y porque? Geeks??? 12 / 253

13 Quien hace software libre y porque?. Empresas: colaboraciones con otros, cuando faltan expertos y dinero por proyectos grandes. Individuals: hobby, aprender algo, quire ayudar,.... Investigadores: nuevos ideas. Estado/administracion publico: quieren algo especial (customization), mas barato 13 / 253

14 por fin... SIG/GIS libre 14 / 253

15 SIG libre - organisacion Organizational Issues - official body since 2006: OSGeo Foundation ( - Info on FOSS GIS: Conferences & Workshop:.FOSS4G (worldwide, all purposes, people).ogrs (worldwide, research, people).local conferences (GER, UK,...) - clarification: Open Geospatial Consortium Open Source, but rather about standards and interfaces /communication 15 / 253

16 Typos de software de SIG Ejemplo transporte Online Route Planner: Web Server Web-Map Server INTERNET Map client Server GIS & computing library Spatial DBMS Desktop GIS 16 / 253

17 Desktop GIS que es? What is a Desktop GIS? - distinguishing between different types of GIS software by user tasks* - desktop GIS tasks: 1 viewing, 2 creating, 3 editing, 4 storage, 5 conflation, 6 transformation, 7 query, 8 analysis, 9 creating maps - types of desktop GIS:. GIS Viewer: 1,4,7,(9);. GIS Editor: 1-4,(6),7,9;. GIS Analyst: or as ESRI says: A desktop GIS is a mapping software that is installed onto and runs on a personal computer and allows users to display, query, update, and analyse data about geographic locations and the information linked to those locations. ( *Steiniger and Weibel (2009) 17 / 253

18 Desktop GIS - proyectos GRASS gvsig Quantum GIS license: GPL web: grass.osgeo.org old, renewed, but powerful license: GPL web: gvsig.org Spanish, powerful license: GPL web: qgis.org Largest project, every year more powerful OpenJUMP MapWindow udig license: GPL web: openjump.org more for data editing (qualitycangeom analysis) 2010 June 18th license: Mozilla web: mapwindow.org Windows only, for hydrologic applications. license: LGPL web: refractions.net more for working with data over networks 18 / 253

19 Desktop GIS recomendación y comparacion It depends... of course:. funcionality: can replace proprietary software. but: stability?. most users: Quantum GIS. support: - for free or paid? - in a certaing language? spanish: gvsig. It depends what you want to do use multiple tools: - printing maps & easy to use: Quantum GIS - editing (vector) data: OpenJUMP - spatial analysis: GRASS & / 253

21 Spatial DBMS que es? Spatial DBMS = Spatial Database Management System use:. a lot of data (registros). heavy and repeatedly use of spatial queries and analysis. many users usually extend general DBMS by adding spatial support. geometry types (point, line, area, etc). spatial queries (predicates: within, intersect, covers, etc). spatial index (QuadTree, R-tree, etc.). analysis and data transformations functions (cartographic projections, raster overlay) 21 / 253

22 Spatial DBMS - proyectos PostGIS MySQL Spatial SpatialLite For: PostgreSQL License: PostgreSQL lic. web: refractions.net For: MySQL license: GPL web: mysql.com For: SQLite license: public domain(?) web: gaia-gis.it/spatiallite Bad: queries only with bounding rectangles Others: - Spatial support also for: Hibernate, H2, INGRES - experiments with NoSQL DBs: CouchDB, MongoDB What I see:. PostGIS used by IGN France, Infoterra, SITAL Mexico. PostGIS (and SpatialLite) tie(s) with proprietary solutions (Oracle, DB2,...). However, looking at the price / 253

24 Server GIS vs. Map Server vs. Clientes Map Client Path Map Terrain 24 / 253

25 Web GIS Server and Web Map Server que es? Web GIS Server. spatial calculation and analysis functions, like for a desktop GIS, but controlled remotely Web-Map Server. delivery of data and maps to client applications (desktop GIS, map client, etc.). request and result delivery to/from clients or other servers. OGC Web Map Service (WMS) for maps/images,. OGC Web Coverage Service (WCS) e.g. for satellite images and terrain data. OGC Web Feature Service (WFS/WFS-T) to send and edit vector data..... OGC Web Processing Service (WPS) to control and request data processing, e.g. a buffer operation OGC : Open GeoSpatial Consortium 25 / 253

26 Server - proyectos today, Web-Map Server (often) offer WebGIS functions Major projects: MapServer GeoServer license: X/MIT web: mapserver.org license: GPL web: geoserver.org AutoDesk MapGuide Open Source deegree license: LGPL web: mapguide.osgeo.org license: LGPL web: wiki.deegree.org 26 / 253

27 Server - recomendacion y comparacion My impression:. web map server outperform proprietary products (shown in Benchmarks). in particular strong: MapServer & GeoServer. proprietary solutions from one provider with often better integration (Spatial DBMS, Desktop GIS, plus WebMap Server) compare: Apple products 27 / 253

29 GIS Librerias. providing functions to be used (programmatically), e.g. in other programs. examples: - GDAL & OGR : data format transformations - JTS/GEOS : geometric objects and functions for their analysis - proj4 & proj4j : cartographic projection functions - Sextante : vector and raster analysis functions -...graph and routing libraries / 253

31 Clientes de Maps - map client software to display maps in a web browser, e.g.. OpenLayers. Leaflet. ModestMaps. etc. can compete with proprietary display of clients (e.g. Google maps) Map query results - often additional development frameworks for data query and display of results, e.g.: GeoMajas, GeoMoose, MapFish, etc. 31 / 253

32 FOS y transporte. OpenTripPlanner.org (transit routing:, A*, Dijkstra, RAPTOR,...). GraphServer.org. pgrouting.org for PostGIS (A*, TSP, IsoChrones,...). JGraphT & JGraph (graph library). NetworkX (to study complex networks). R project (statistics). Multi-Agent-Systems for simulation: MATSim, GAMA Platform, JADE, etc / 253

33 Datos libre OpenStreeMap.org. free geographic map data worldwide. crowd-sourced (GPS + editing tools). used by MapQuest & Bing. problems: completeness, accuracy correctness GTFS data : General Transit Feed Specification. Google: 7 txt files routes, (bus) stops, schedules, etc.. TransSantiago: soon. other cities: 33 / 253

34 Summary Summarizing Free software exists for all tasks Particular competitive in comparison to proprietary software with respect to functionality, are: GeoServer & MapServer - Web Map Server PostGIS - DBMS/database OpenLayers & Leaflet Web Map Viewer Web mapping toolkits For desktop GIS: depends on tasks Price advantage (especially for DBMS) Paid support is available (support networks emerge) Free data presents new research opportunities! 34 / 253

35 Gracias! para leer:. Sherman, G. E. (2012). The geospatial desktop GIS: Open source GIS and mapping. Locate Press.. Steiniger, S. & Hunter, A.J.S. (2013): The 2012 free and open source GIS software map A guide to facilitate research, development, and adoption. Computers, Environment and Urban Systems / 253