THE POSITION OF YTU IN MARITIME EDUCATION OF TURKEY

Transcription

1 HE POSIION OF YU IN MARIIME EDUCAION OF URKEY Bekir ŞENER 1, Çağan DİYAROĞLU 2, Hüseyin YILMAZ 3 1 Yildiz echnical, Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Department, Besiktas/IS el , Fax: , bsener@yildiz.edu.tr 2 Yildiz echnical, Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Department, Besiktas/IS el , Fax: , cdiyar@yildiz.edu.tr 3 Yildiz echnical, Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Department, Besiktas/IS el , Fax: , hyilmaz@yildiz.edu.tr ABSRAC Maritime education is one of the main disciplines that include several branches. Building more efficiently, more reliable ships or training more qualified seafarers depends on technology and quality of education. In urkey, maritime education is given by several education institutions. Yildiz echnical (Y..U.) is one of the well-known institutions. At the present, the Department of Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering exist in Y..U. and lots of students have graduated since Besides, it is decided to found the Department of Marine Operation Engineering because of deficient number of well educated seafarers. In this paper, it will be mentioned about our national maritime education and will be emphasized the position of Yildiz echnical. In addition to this, it will be specified the role of new department over educating and training well educated seafarers. Keywords: Yildiz echnical, Maritime education, Seafarer 1. INRODUCION All over the world, over the 90% of international transportation is achieved by ships due to reliability and lower costs. For the last decade, it can be seen that there is a rapid development in maritime sector over all, but it can not be mentioned on the same increase ratio for number of qualified seafarers and education institutions. herefore, the existing number of qualified seafarers can not answer demand. According to BIMCO (Baltic and International Maritime Council) 2007 data, deficiency of qualified seafarer number reach to and it is estimated that it will be at [Ozcan, 2008] As a result, nowadays, national maritime companies tend to change flag to work foreign operation engineers. It causes big economic and social disadvantages for urkey. his situation points out the importance of education institutions. Maritime education can be examined under five main topics: Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Ship Operation Seafarer Education Management & ransportation Fisheries hese main topics are separated into several subdivisions. In urkey, it is given education all of the divisions mentioned above. However, especially deficiency of seafarer education institutions can be mentioned in urkey as parallel as worldwide. 355

2 2. MARIIME EDUCAION IN URKEY In urkey, maritime education is given by several institutions: Universities (faculties, academies, vocational schools) High schools Military academies Private courses Several branches of maritime education can be seen in 10 universities. hese branches are shown in able 1, such as; Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering, Ocean Engineering,, Marine Engineering, Maritime, Maritime Business Administration, Maritime ransportation and Management Engineering,,,, Fisheries echnology Engineering & Marine and Harbour Management. he graduate education with master and doctoral degree is also carried out in several universities. [Poyraz, 2007] able 1: Maritime education institutions in universities of urkey No Faculty / Vocational College Department Language 1 Canakkale Onsekiz Mart Faculty of Fisheries Gelibolu Piri Reis Vocational College Shipping & Harbour Management 2 Dokuz Eylul School of Maritime Business and Management Department of Maritime Business Administration E 3 Ege Faculty of Fisheries 4 Istanbul 5 6 Istanbul echnical Karadeniz echnical 7 Kocaeli Faculty of Engineering Faculty of Fisheries Faculty of Naval Architecture and Ocean Engineering Maritime Faculty Maritime Vocational College Surmene Faculty of Marine Sciences Barbaros Maritime Vocational College Karamürsel Vocational College Maritime ransportation and Management Engineering Naval Architecture Ocean Engineering Marine Engineering Maritime Fisheries echnology Engineering Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Maritime ransportation and Management Engineering Marine and Harbour Management Ship Construction Ship Machine 8 Uludag Yalova Vocational College Marine and Harbour Management 9 Near East (KKC) Maritime Faculty Department of Maritime Business Administration E 10 Yildiz echnical Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Marine Engineering Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering 356

3 3. MARIIME EDUCAION IN YILDIZ ECHNICAL UNIVERSIY 3.1. Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Department Yildiz echnical Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering (NAME) Department consist of three divisions; Ship Hydrodynamics, Marine Engineering and Ship Building, respectively. YU NAME has 4 professors, 2 associate professors, 7 assistant professors and 9 research assistants as academic staff. Since 1969 almost 1000 students have received their bachelor, master and doctorate degrees from YU NAME department and they serve to urkish shipbuilding industry and related sectors. For instance, there are 623 undergraduate, 45 master and 17 doctorate students are going on their education at YU NAME for academic year. Besides these active students, 76 students who enrolled but not yet started their undergraduate education, learn English as foreign language in Prep School. (able2 able 3) able 2: Distribution of undergraduate students in YU NAME CLASS PREP. I. II. III. IV. OAL Woman / Man W M W M W M W M W M W M GENERAL OAL DAY SCHOOL Y..U. N.A.M.E NIGH SCHOOL able 3:Distribution of master and doctorate students in YU NAME Y.. U INSIUE OF NUMBER OF MASER SUDEN NUMBER OF DOCORAE SUDEN SCIENCE and At Course At hesis At Course At hesis ECHNOLOGY N.A.M.E. Program level 21 Level 24 level 9 Level 8 he main goals of the YU NAME department are to entitle the students; o use their basic science and engineering knowledge and practical skillness to design, manufacture and operate all types of ships. o determine the engineering problems and solve them and besides making a decision. o understand the importance of the continuing in education and research. o encourage them teamwork and to make any research by collective work and use modern engineering device and tools. Professional ethic and equip them with local and global environmental sensitivity. o achieve these above goals, the most important subject in the department is the curriculums. By taking the courses the students will acquainted with technical and practical aspects of their profession. A lot of opportunities are offered to students for improving themselves in social, cultural, sportive and artistic fields by guidance and counseling departments because in YU an engineer is not thought only as a technical person but a social one, as well. he YU NAME department s curriculum has been prepared by considering the department mission and vision besides taking into account of opinions of the sector representatives. Under these conditions, the students graduated from YU NAME department are appreciated in the shipbuilding sector in urkey [Bayraktar, 2006] he New Department in Y..U. Marine Operation Engineering All over the world, over the 90% of international transportation is achieved by ships. According to BIMCO (Baltic and International Maritime Council) data, total capacity of world Sea merchant marine fleet increase 1% each year. As a result, it is estimated that deficiency of seafarer number will reach to at his situation is similar in urkey. Increasing of urkish fleet and number of national seafarers in last 6 years can be seen in Figure 1. It can be seen in the figure, number of ships in our merchant marine fleet increases from 1185 to 1605 (35%) and number of seafarers increases from to (deck officers from to 20186, 12%; engine officers from 7349 to 11536, 8%). In other words, number of seafarers increases in parallel with merchant marine fleet [Ozcan, 2008]. 357

4 Officers Engine Officers urkish Fleet Figure 1: Increasing of urkish fleet and number of national seafarers On the other hand, according to research made by Istanbul echnical, it is required 20 seafarers on average (between 16 and 24) for a ship in a year. Graduated seafarers between 2002 and 2007 can be seen in able 4. able 4: Number of graduated seafarers Years Number of Graduates otal 2565 At the same period, number of ships increases 366 pieces. It can be estimated easily, for 366 ships minimum 5856 seafarer would be required. As a result, it can be clearly understood, the number of seafarer education institutions is not adequate. In urkey; seafarer education is given in 7 faculties, 1 higher education school, 4 vocational colleges and 14 vocational schools. Furthermore, there are 41 private education institutions give same education [Poyraz, 2007] Purpose For the last decade, it can be seen that there is a rapid development in maritime sector over all, but it can not be mentioned on the same increase ratio for number of seafarer education institutions in urkey. Based on this situation it is decided to found new department. he aim of the new Marine Operation Engineering Department is training qualified, well educated seafarers primarily to our national fleet Similar Education Application in our Country and in the World here are similar programs in maritime faculties and maritime universities worldwide. Some of these education institutions are shown below. Merchant Marine Academy (USA) Maine Maritime Academy (USA) State of New York Maritime College (USA) Marine Institute of Memorial of Newfoundland (Canada) Wismar of echnology, Business and Design (Germany) Szczecin Maritime (Poland) Constantza Maritime (Romania) Australian Maritime College Nicola Y. Vaptsarov Naval Academy (Bulgaria) 358

5 In our country, marine operation engineering program is just situated in I..U. Maritime Faculty. Similar education program is found in Dokuz Eylul Maritime Business and Management School and Near East (KKC) Maritime Faculty Laboratory Facilities Existing and planned laboratories can be seen below. Computational Fluid Dynamics (CFD) Laboratory Ship Engine Laboratory Ship Strength Laboratory Faculty of Mechanical Engineering R & D Laboratory Faculty of Mechanical Engineering Computer Aided Design Laboratory Engine Room Simulator Laboratory (planned) Special training class (first aid, fire fighting, lifesaving, ) (planned) Evaluation of the Achievement and Quality Education program of new department will in accordance with International Maritime Organization (IMO) SCW95 Code. It is also planned to be accredited by the Undersecretariat of Maritime Affairs and international accreditation organization (E.M.S.A., European Maritime Safety Agency). 4. CONCLUSION In this study, maritime education in urkey is analyzed and emphasized the position of Y..U. First of all it is mentioned about the branches of maritime education and the existing departments of universities given education about these branches. After that Naval Architecture and Marine Engineering Department in Y..U. is introduced. Finally, it is specified the deficiency in seafarer number in urkey and worldwide. It can be clearly understood from the researches and numbers mentioned above, existing number of seafarer and education institutions, especially seafarer education institutions, can not answer the demand in urkey. Nowadays, national maritime companies tend to change flag to work foreign operation engineers. It causes big economic and social disadvantages for urkey. Y..U. decided to found a new department to assist to solve this problem. Increasing the number of qualified and well educated seafarers creates national employment for urkish merchant marine fleet. 5. REFERENCES Bayraktar, S., Ekinci, S., and Çelebi, U. B. (2006), Naval Architecture Education in urkiye and Course Overlapping/Differences Between Developed Countries at Shipbuilding in the World, SEFI2006 Conference on Engineering Education and Active Students, Uppsala, Sweden, 28 June-2 July Ozcan, E. (2008), Increasing of Seafarer Needs in urkey and in the World; Works of Undersecretariat of Maritime Affairs, Maritime Journal, 37, (in urkish) Poyraz, O. (2007), Maritime Education in urkey, Maritime Journal, 34, (in urkish) Internet References Access Date: Access Date: Access Date: