SOLAR-SYSTEM DATA Name 1. Record the planets and other solar-system objects in order, starting with the Sun. Use the table on the left side of this sheet. If a planet has a moon, write its name in the space below the planet. 2. Use a colored pencil to lightly shade the planets that are made of gas. Use another color to shade the planets that are made of rock. 3. How big are the planets? Write the names of the planets in order from largest diameter to smallest diameter. (Use the first two letters of the planet s name.) 4. How long does it take for a planet to orbit the Sun? Write the names of the planets in order from shortest to longest orbit time. 5. How far are the planets from the Sun? Write the names of the planets in order from closest to farthest from the Sun. 6. What is the surface temperature of the planets? Write the names of the planets in order from highest to lowest surface temperature. Sun 221 Investigation 1: Solar System No. 1 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 221 6/11/08 4:10:27 PM
SOLAR-SYSTEM TOUR QUESTIONS 1. What is the Sun and what is it made of? 2. What is the solar system? 3. Which planets are terrestrial planets? Which planets are gas giants? 4. What is the Kuiper Belt and what is found there? 5. Which planet has the most moons orbiting it? 6. How are asteroids and comets alike and different? 222 Investigation 1: Solar System No. 2 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 222 6/11/08 4:10:27 PM
PLANETS AND THE SOLAR SYSTEM Name 1. Why is the system of Sun and planets called the solar system? 2. Which planets are the inner planets? 3. Which planets are the outer planets? 4. How are the inner and outer planets different? 5. Which planet is closest to the Sun? Why isn t it the hottest planet? 6. What is meant by the rotation and revolution of a planet? 7. What other planets, besides Earth, might support life? 223 Investigation 1: Solar System No. 3 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 223 6/11/08 4:10:27 PM
WET PAPER TOWELS 1. Use pictures and labels to show the balance at the start and end of the demonstration. Start of demonstration End of demonstration 2. Describe what happened to the balance, the paper towels, and the water. 224 Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 4 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 224 6/11/08 4:10:27 PM
EVAPORATION LOCATION CHARTS What tools will you use to measure the water? What units will you use to report the amount of water? Chart 1 Chart 2 Record the amount of evaporation and the average temperature in the four evaporation locations. Put the locations in order from most to least evaporation. Letter of location Amount of water remaining Amount of water evaporated Average temperature of location Letter of location Amount of water evaporated Most evaporation Second most Third most Least evaporation Results and inferences 1. At which location did the greatest amount of water evaporate? 2. At which location did the smallest amount of water evaporate? 3. Which location was warmest? 4. Describe the relationship between temperature and evaporation. 225 Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 5 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 225 6/11/08 4:10:27 PM
SURFACE-AREA CHART Data Evaporation and Surface Area Ranking (4 = largest surface area; 1 = smallest surface area) Amount of water at the start Cylinder Beaker Dome lid Flat lid Amount of water at the end Amount of water evaporated Ranking (4 = most evaporated; 1 = least evaporated) Results and inferences 1. In which container did the most water evaporate? 2. Explain why the most water evaporated in this container. 226 Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 6 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 226 6/11/08 4:10:27 PM
JULIE AND ART S EXPERIMENT A Data Make a table showing the data from Julie and Art s experiment. Be sure the data table includes a title, labels on the columns, and units. Graph Make a graph of the data. Be sure to include a title, axis labels, and units. 227 Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 7 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 227 6/11/08 4:10:27 PM
JULIE AND ART S EXPERIMENT B Inferences and conclusions Write a short description of what you think Julie and Art s experiment shows. Explain why you think the results justify that conclusion. Questions about Julie and Art s experiment 1. What was the independent variable in Julie and Art s experiment? 2. What was the dependent variable in their experiment? 3. What variables did they control? 4. What additional information would be useful to better understand how surface area affects evaporation? 228 Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 8 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 228
RESPONSE SHEET WATER VAPOR Rita said, Name I wear a T-shirt when I swim so I won t get sunburned. When I come out of the water, I keep the shirt on. After awhile it is dry. I wonder how the wet shirt gets dry. What would you tell Rita to help her understand how the shirt gets dry? What would you suggest Rita do to get the shirt dry as fast as possible? Explain why your suggestion would make the shirt dry quickly. 229 Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 9 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 229
CONDENSATION OBSERVATIONS 1. Write a sentence to describe any changes you observed in the condensation chamber the day after you set it up. 2. Draw and label a picture of what you observed. 3. Where did the water on the sides of the cup come from? 4. How did the water get on the sides of the cup? 5. What causes frost? 230 Investigation 2: Water Vapor No. 10 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 230
HEATING EARTH MATERIALS A Plan an experiment to find out what happens to earth materials when they are put in the sun and then put in the shade. Question Materials Procedure 231 Investigation 3: Heating Earth No. 11 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 231
HEATING EARTH MATERIALS B Data table 232 Investigation 3: Heating Earth No. 12 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 232
GRAPH OF EARTH-MATERIALS TEMPERATURES Y 55 50 45 40 35 Temperature ( C) 30 25 20 15 10 5 0 0 3 6 9 12 15 18 21 24 In sun In shade 27 X 30 Elapsed time (minutes) 1. What was the dependent variable in this experiment? 2. What variables did you control in this experiment? 233 Investigation 3: Heating Earth No. 13 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 233
HEATING WATER Draw four sequential pictures to show what happened when hot water was placed beside the vial with cold, blue water on the bottom. Write a description of what happened. 1. 2. 3. 4. 234 Investigation 3: Heating Earth No. 14 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 234
RESPONSE SHEET HEATING EARTH Bernard and Sylvia were having hot chocolate. Bernard stirred his cup of hot chocolate with a spoon. He watched the chocolate swirl around in his cup. He said, Look, I made a convection current! Sylvia said, I don't think so. That's not how convection currents work. Write what you think Sylvia told Bernard about how convection currents work. 235 Investigation 3: Heating Earth No. 15 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 235
AIR AND SYRINGES 1. What did you find out when you worked with one syringe and a tube? 2. What did you find out when you clamped the hose tube? 3. What did you find out when you attached two syringes to one tube? 236 Investigation 3: Heating Earth No. 16 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 236
ATMOSPHERIC PRESSURE AT WORK Name 1. Explain why pulling the plunger out on syringe 1 makes the plunger in syringe 2 go in. 1 2 2. Explain why the water bottle collapsed. 237 Investigation 3: Heating Earth No. 17 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 237
WATER-CYCLE GAME Location Location Total Start After roll 1 After roll 2 After roll 3 After roll 4 After roll 5 After roll 6 After roll 7 After roll 8 Animal Atmosphere Glacier Groundwater Lake Ocean Plant River Soil After roll 9 After roll 10 1. Did your water molecule travel in a water cycle or only in part of a water cycle? Explain your answer. 2. Draw the path taken by your water molecule. Atmosphere Glacier River Ocean Lake Groundwater Soil Plant Animal 238 Investigation 4: Weather No. 18 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 238
SEVERE WEATHER QUESTIONS 1. What causes tornadoes? 2. What causes hurricanes? 3. How does the water cycle affect weather along the West Coast? 4. How does the ocean influence the weather along the West Coast? 239 Investigation 4: Weather No. 19 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 239
WEATHER MAPS QUESTIONS 1. What weather variables do meteorologists measure when they are preparing to make a weather forecast? 2. Describe three kinds of fronts and the weather they produce. 3. What causes wind? 4. Look at the sample weather map. Where do you think it is raining? (Circle the rainy areas.) L H L H Where will it be raining tomorrow? (Shade tomorrow s rainy areas.) H H 5. Look at the high- and low-pressure centers. Where do you think the wind is blowing? What direction? (Draw arrows to show wind.) 6. Where is it likely to be cold and dry? (Write the letter C in the cold places.) 240 Investigation 4: Weather No. 20 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 240
MEALTIME Name 1. Look over the list of food items. Select eight items that you would like to put together for a meal. Write the eight items on the lines in the Item column. Almonds (1 oz.) Broccoli (2.7 oz.) Brown rice (1 oz.) Butter (0.36 oz.) Cantaloupe (8 oz.) Cheese (1 oz.) Chicken (8 oz.) Egg (1) Hamburger (4 oz.) Ketchup (1 oz.) Lettuce (1 cup) Milk (8 oz.) Orange juice (8 oz.) Oranges (4.6 oz.) Pasta (2 oz.) Steak (8 oz.) Tofu (0.5 cup) Tomatoes (4.3 oz.) Tomato paste (2 oz.) Tomato sauce (4 oz.) Wheat bread (1 slice) White bread (1 slice) White rice (1 oz.) White sugar (1 tb.) Yogurt (1 cup) 1. 2. 3. 4. 5. 6. 7. 8. Item Total meal = Water 2. Use the Water Facts card to find out how much water was used to grow or prepare each item in your meal. 3. Total the "Water" column to find out the water price of your meal. 4. How can you change your eating habits to reduce the amount of water used to prepare your food? 5. What could you do around your home to reduce the amount of water you use? 241 Investigation 4: Weather No. 21 Science Notebook 17803_07_NMsmall_p221-242.indd 241
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