Professor Mike Wood School of Business University of Notre Dame Australia Member, Eduniversal International Scientific Committee
Overview Present situation Evolution Trends Student mobility International students Changes Capacity
50 B schools in Oceania selected for Palmes Australia (35) Fiji (1) Hawaii (2) New Zealand (8) Papua New Guinea (2) Samoa (1) Vanuatu (1)
Present situation Australia and New Zealand dominate the region Most economies in region and nearby growing strongly up to present demand for higher education rising Demographic factors Growth in numbers of youth in Asia/Oceania especially relative to Europe Aging of domestic business schools workforce in Oceania Government reforms in teaching and research g Funding for universities: fees for domestic and international students
Evolution Most universities in Oceania developed on the English model comprehensive universities Public universities origins in 19 th C Australia and New Zealand have fostered higher education in the Pacific: eg Universities of Papua New Guinea & South Pacific Government policies encourage formation of singlepurpose private universities
Evolution Business schools have blossomed in the region since the 1960s Business schools are of fundamental importance to their universities for revenue and reputation Australia and New Zealand are favoured destinations for international students from Oceania and Asia
Growth 02 07 Global student mobility: was predicted in 2002 that international demand for international higher education places in Australia would grow at 8.8 % per year. It grew at 8.5% per year from 2002 to 2007 Demand will exceed supply in 2020 and by 2025 there will be a shortfall of 22,692 places in Australia Source: http//www.idp.com/research/main.aspx aspx
Trends IDP predicts that global demand for international higher education will grow from 2.1734 million in 2005 to 3.720 million in 2025 a compound rate of 2.7% per year For Australia, growth is predicted at 4.25% per year to 2010 then at 3% per year until 2015 when it will slow further Enrolments are predicted to grow from 163,345345 in 2005 to 290,848 in 2025 Source: http//www.idp.com/research/main.aspx aspx
Trends Student mobility: Universities iti in Australia and New Zealand have established partnerships with many universities overseas and encourage mobility There are difficulties in student exchange because students need to work to pay pytheir way and potential host countries close to Australia have rules on employment which constrain mobility As a result, per centages of outbound students from the region are low compared to Europe and North America
Education as an Export in Oceania Education is Australia s third largest export after iron ore and coal: A$12 billion in 2007 Among advanced economies, Australia has highest proportion of international enrolments in tertiary education: 18% OECD average is 7% Australian universities rely on international student fees for 15% of their funding higher h in business schools Source: The Weekend Australian, 1 2 November 2008, 8
Trends International students: Australian and New Zealand began teaching in the Asian region in the mid 1980s Some Australian universities iti have campuses in the Asian region (Monash, Curtin, RMIT) Inwards from Asia and Africa: rapid growth, India and China the major sources inwards Growing competition for international students from Singapore and Malaysia US and European universities attracted to region
Australia: International Students Sector 2006 2007 Annual growth on 2006 Higher Education 163,173173 170,108108 43% 4.3% VET 74,176 107,932 45.5% ELICOS 70,549 92,682 31.4% Schools 24,235235 27,049 11.6% Other a 25,227 26,599 5.4% Total 317,039 b 371,691 b 17.2% a Other includes study abroad, foundation, enabling and other non award courses that do not lead to a qualification under the Australian Qualifications Framework. b The total is less than the sum of components as students can study in more Source: www.aei.dest.gov.au/aei/mipstatistics/studentenrolment / /
Capacity Teaching staff resident in the region are aging and there will be issues over the availability of teachers, pedagogy and the use of contemporary teaching technologies Government policies on university education, fees, visas, international students working while studying will affect mobility Competition from outside the region will affect mobility Economic uncertainty might impact mobility both favourably & unfavourably
Changes Diversity among the public universities in Oceania; private competition encouraged Revisions to undergraduate teaching programs; alignment with Bologna Australia and New Zealand governments have established independent organisations to audit quality in their universities Rapid growth in accreditation ti of B schools in Oceania: EQUIS, AACSB, AMBA, professional organisations eg accountancy
Conclusion Regional competition for mobile students from countries whose GDP has been rising rapidly Brands, accreditation will affect school selection M k h h il d ill Market has strong growth potential and will attract private providers