Umrah and Hajj: Basic Rules and Guidance By Dr. Muzammil H. Siddiqi
The Obligation of Hajj In the Qur an and Sunnah: ء اي ات ب ي ن ات م ق ام إ ب ر اه يم و م ن و ه د ى ل ل ع ال م ي ن( 96 96 )ف يه إ ن أ و ل ب ي ت و ض ع ل لن اس ل ل ذ ي ب ب ك ة م ب ار رآ ا غ ن ي ع ن م ن اس ت ط اع إ ل ي ه س ب يل ا و م ن آ ف ر ف ا ن الل ه د خ ل ه آ ان ء ام ن ا و ل ل ه ع ل ى الن اس ح ج ال ب ي ت ت عمران 97-9696) ال ع ال م ين ن(ا ل ع ل ي ك م ال ح ج ع ل ي ه و س ل م ف ق ال أ ي ه ا الن اس ق د ف ر ض الل ه ع ن أ ب ي ه ر ي ر ة ق ال خ ط ب ن ا ر س ول الل ه ص ل ى الل ه ع ل ي ه و س ل م ح ت ى ق ال ه ا ث ل اث ا ف ق ال ر س ول الل ه ص ل ى الل ه ف ح ج وا ف ق ال ر ج ل أ آ ل ع ام ي ا ر س ول الل ه ف س ك ف س ك ت ب ك ث ر ة س و ال ه م ذ ر ون ي م ا ت ر آ ت ك م ف ا ن م ا ه ل ك م ن آ ان ق ب ل ك م ل و ق ل ت ن ع م ل و ج ب ت و ل م ا اس ت ط ع ت م ث م ق ال ل ش ي ء ف د ع و ه(مسلم ف ا ت وا م ن ه م ا اس ت ط ع ت م و إ ذ ا ن ه ي ت ك م ع ن و اخ ت ل اف ه م ع ل ى أ ن ب ي اي ه م ف ا ذ ا أ م ر ت ك م ب ش ي ء (2380 One of the five Arkan (Pillars) of Islam Hajj was made obligatory in the 6th year of Hijrah Once in life obligatory (as soon as possible). According to some jurists, it should be performed immediately without delay.
Blessings of Hajj و س ل م س ي ل أ ي ال ع م ل أ ف ض ل ف ق ا ل ع ن أ ب ي ه ر ي ر ة أ ن ر س ول الل ه ص ل ى الل هم ع ل ي ه ف ي س ب يل الل ه ق يل ث م م اذ ا ق ال ح ج م ب ر ور إ يم ان ب الل ه و ر س ول ه ق يل ث م م اذ ا ق ال ال ج ه اد (25 (البخاري ق ال ح ج ة م ب ر ور ة ل ي س ل ه ا ث و اب إ ل ا ع ن أ ب ي ه ر ي ر ة أ ن الن ب ي ص ل ى الل هم ع ل ي ه و وس ل م (1727 الدارمى ب (سنن ال ج ن ة و ع م ر ت ان ت ك ف ر ان م ا ب ي ن ه م ا م ن ال ذن و ع ل ي ه و س ل م م ن ح ج ال ب ي ت ف ل م ي ر ف ث ع ن أ ب ي ه ر ي ر ة ق ال ق ال ر س ول الل ه ص ل ى الل هم خ ر ج م ن ذ ن وب ه آ ي و م و ل د ت ه أ م ه أ و و ل م ي ف س ق ر ج ع آ م ا و ل د ت ه أ م ه ق ال ع ب د ال رح م ن (9885 أحمد آ م ا خ ر ج م ن ب ط ن أ م ه (مسند
Conditions of Obligation Islam Adulthood Sanity Capability (istita ah) ah) Physical and Financial Safety of way For women: Company of Mahram Not in Iddah
Getting Ready Passport, Visa etc. Travel Arrangements Arrival in Saudi Arabia Jeddah or any other port (delays( at the airports are normal) Fees collected Passport with the United Agents Mu allim/ Travel Agent
Preparation for Ihram Miqat/ Mawaqit Of time The months of Hajj (for Hajj only; Umrah has no Miqat of time) Of place Dhul Hulaifah Madinah Juhfa (Rabigh) Syria Dhat Irq Iraq Qarn al- Manzil Najd Yalamlam Yemen
Here I am, O Lord, here I am, You indeed have no partner, here I am. No Doubt, all praise and bounties are Yours, and so is the absolute Domain. You indeed have no partners, here I am MIQAT LOCATIONS
Ihram - Rules General body cleaning bath is better For men only: wearing of the garment of Ihram 2 Rak ah ah before Ihram (not compulsory) Talbiyah لبيك عمرة وحجا عمرة أو لبيك حجا) (لبيك لبيك اللهم لبيك لبيك لا شريك لك لبيك إن الحمد والنعمة لك والملك لا شريك لك
Things Forbidden in Ihram Cutting hair or nails Sexual foreplay/intercourse Quarreling or getting into fight with others Getting married or performing marriage Use of perfumes on the body or clothes Hunting or taking the life of any being Men are forbidden: wearing a sown garment and covering the head
Things Permissible in Ihram Taking a bath and changing the garment of Ihram Covering of the face or nose because of dust Scratching of the head or body Covering of the head forgetfully (Men are not supposed to cover their heads) Looking at oneself in the mirror or smelling perfume Wearing a belt Using an umbrella and/or sitting under cover Killing of poisonous insects, snakes or scorpions For women only: Wearing of socks (not gloves)
Niyyah of Umrah / Hajj Types of Hajj: 1. Tamattu : Umrah then remove Ihram and then Hajj with Ihram again 2. Qiran: Umrah and Hajj together without removing Ihram 3. Ifrad: Hajj only
Coming to Makkah Enter humbly with Talbiyah and Du a Go to your hotel and get ready for the Haram Enter Haram from any gate Perform Tawaf of Umrah first (join salat if the Jama ah ah is going on)
Pillars of Umrah (Arkan al- Umrah) Ihram Tawaf Sa y Halq or Qasr
Rules of Tawaf Taharah - From major and minor pollutions (women in their menses cannot make Tawaf) Satr al- awrah awrah proper covering of the body Seven rounds begin with al-hajar al-aswad and end at al- Hajar al-aswad Istibagh and Raml in the first 3 rounds ( Umrah( Tawaf only) 2 Rak ah ah after Tawaf near the Maqam Ibrahim Du a a during Tawaf (No special du a a except between Rukn Yamani and Hajar)
Rules of Sa y After Tawaf (It is not required to do it immediately after Tawaf.) Taharah (recommended only) Begin with Safa and then go towards Marwah then Marwah to Safa Total 7 runs Walk fast between the Green Signs (Al-Milain al-akhdarain) Make Du a
Pillars of Hajj (Arkan al- Hajj) Ihram Being at Arafah Tawaf of Ifadah Sa y y between Safa and Marwah (Missing any of these makes the Hajj invalid)
Obligatory Parts of Hajj (Wajibat al-hajj) Ihram from Miqat Being in Arafah until Maghrib Spending the night in Mazdalifah (except for the weak and sick people) Ramy of the Jamarat in the days of Tashriq Halq or Qasr cutting short or shaving the hair of the head Spending part of the night in Mina during Tashriq Days Tawaf al-wada Wada (Missing any of the above will require fidya: fasting, charity or sacrifice)
A Sketch Map of Hajj
Five Days of Hajj 8 th Day One th of Dhul Hijjah Those in Makkah - Put on Ihram in Makkah for Hajj (those doing Qiran are already in Ihram) Those arriving Makkah today Make Tawaf and Sa y Go to Mina Get ready for the day of Hajj
Five Days of Hajj 9 th Day Two th of Dhul Hijjah Go to Arafah after Fajr prayer before the time of Zuhr (It is permissible to go to Arafah before Fajr) Stay at Arafah from Zuhr to Maghrib Pray Zuhr and Asr together (Qasr and Jam ) Make Du a a in the standing position facing Qiblah Leave after the sunset do not pray Maghrib in Arafah
Five Days of Hajj Day Three 10 th of Dhul Hijjah Arrive at Muzdalifah before midnight Pray Maghrib and Isha together Spend the night in Muzdalifah (Sick and old people can leave after midnight) May collect 49 (or 70) pebbles for the Jamarat Pray Fajr in Muzdalifah and go to Mina Ramy at the Jamarah Uqba (Big Jamarah) Stop Talbiyah and begin Takbirat Make sacrifice (not required for Ifrad) Shave the head or trim the hair (Halq or Qasr) Take off Ihram and put on the regular clothes In the evening make Tawaf al-ifadah and Sa y y for Hajj Return to Mina and spend the night in Mina
Five Days of Hajj Day Four 11 th of Dhul Hijjah Ramy at all three Jamarat after Zuhr before sunset (permissible until midnight) Make Du a a after Ramy at first and second Jamarah, not after the third Jamarah Pray five prayers in Mina (Jam and Qasr), do dhikr and read Qur an Meet other Muslims and greet them for Hajj Listen to religious talks and lectures
Five Days of Hajj Day Five 12 th of Dhul Hijjah Ramy at all three Jamarat after Zuhr before sunset (permissible until midnight) Make Du a a after Ramy at the first and second Jamarah, not after the third Jamarah Leave Mina before Sunset Come to Makkah and if leaving Makkah then make Tawaf al-wada
1. 8 th 2. 9 th 3. 10 4. 11 5. 12 Five Days of Hajj th Dhul Hijjah: From Makkah to Mina th Dhul Hijjah: From Mina to Arafah Muzdalifah 10 th Dhul Hijjah: From Muzdalifah to Mina From Mina to Makkah (for Tawaf Ifadah and Sa y y of Hajj) Back to Mina 11 th Dhul Hijjah: In Mina 12 th Dhul Hijjah: From Mina to Makkah
Extra Day Sixth Day 13 th of Dhul Hijjah Those who do not leave Mina before sunset: - Ramy after Zuhr - Leave for Makkah - Before departure from Makkah make Tawaf al-wada Wada
Visit (Ziyarah) of Madinah Not part of Hajj but very important part of the journey After arrival in Madinah go to Masjid al Nabi and offer two Rak ah ah Tahiyyat al-masjid Say Salam near the Grave of Prophet Mohammad (peace be upon him) Follow the Proper way of Salam In Madinah offer the prayers at the Masjid al Nabi as much as possible Visit other historic sites: Uhud, Quba, Masjid al Qiblatain, Khandaq area Come home safely Alhamdulillah